Costa Rica,

February 17-21, 2014

The Fourth Global Fisheries

Enforcement Training Workshop

Artisanal and Small Scale Fisheries

Experiences in Central America

Guatemala

Honduras

Nicaragua

Costa Rica

Panama

Belize

El Salvador

Dominican Republic

CENTRAL AMERICAN

COUNTRIES

1991. Tegucigalpa Protocol The essential objective of the Central American Integration System (SICA) is to achieve the integration of Central America to establish it as a Region of peace, freedom, democracy and development.

Central American Countries:

a) Similar development level in industrial fisheries, artisanal fisheries and aquaculture

b) Similar challenges and opportunities

c) Region has species with high comercial value

d) Common species, migratory species.

149,400 fishermen

ARTISANAL FISHERMEN

Pacific Ocean 77,250

Caribbean Sea 42,640

Inland Waters 29,510

ARTISANAL FISHERMEN COMMUNITIES

1,093 communities ■ 507 Pacific ■ 263 Caribbean ■ 323 Inland waters

TYPE OF BOATS IN THE SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES

EVOLUTION OF KEY REGIONAL INDICATORS

Note: 1995 doesn’t includes Belize and Dominican Republic

1995 2010

Number of artisanal

fishermen 92,876 149,400

Number of boats in the

small-scale fisheries 38,743 66,355

Annual volume of small-

scale fisheries (Ton)

162,659 190,050

Annual value of small-scale

fisheries(USD$) 179,400,000 648,578,512

SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE

• 97% of fishermen are responsible of familiar expenses.

• 74% of fishermen are 21 – 50 years old.

• 77% of families have more than four members.

• 83% of fishermen have some level of school education.

• 26% are members of a fishermen organization.

• Fishermen obtain low profits from their products.

LIMITATIONS OF ARTISANAL FISHERIES

• Decline of main fishing resources.

• Over-fishing

• Use of illegal fishing arts and methods.

• Low levels of organization.

• Limited participation in the trading

• Safety at sea.

• Several fishing zones are

vulnerable to other illegal

practices.

REGIONAL COOPERATION BETWEEN COASTAL STATES

OSPESCA

Objective: To promote the development of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture in the region as part of the process of the Central American integration.

The Organization for the Fishing and Aquaculture Sector of Central American Isthmus.

OSPESCA IS INTEGRATED BY: • Ministers Council (Political level).

• Vice-ministers Committee. (Executive level) • Fisheries Directors Commission

(Scientific and tecnichal level)

OECAP: Organization of Central American Entrepreneurs of Aquaculture and Fishing. CONFEPESCA: Central American Confederation of Artisanal Fishermen (small-scale)

Civil Society Regional organizations

To establish a common regional system to increase the integrated participation of the Central American countries and in this way contributing to the appropriate and sustainable use of the fisheries and aquaculture products.

Fisheries and Aquaculture integration Policy

POLICY´S APPLICATION STRATEGIES

1. Strengthening of Institutions and organizations 2. Harmonization of Central American legislations 3. Adoption of regional decision-making 4. Regional management of fisheries and

aquaculture 5. Integrated coastal fisheries and aquaculture 6. Integrated high-seas fisheries 7. Shared species 8. Surveillance and control 9. Intra and extra-regional trade 10. Sport fisheries associated with tourism 11. Extra-regional relations

Integrating Fisheries.

New Regional Governance Model.

Article 22 of the Protocol of Tegucigalpa:

"... The decisions of the Council of Ministers

shall be mandatory in all member States ... "

Integrated record system of fisheries and aquaculture Management of the Caribbean Spiny Lobster Regional satellite monitoring and control system for fishing

vessels Code of ethic for responsible fisheries and aquaculture Banning of shark finning Proper use of turtle excluder devices (TED) To prevent, control and eradicate diseases in shrimp culture

REGIONAL REGULATIONS

SICA– CARICOM

Memorandum of Understanding between

Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM)

and OSPESCA

Example:

Simultaneous Close

season:

From the year 2010,

four months: from

March 01 to June 30,

every year. .

64 Boats 4,600 fishermen, Skin-diving method

Serious health

problems.

Ministers of OSPESCA agree on a chronogram

for the closing of skin-diving lobster fishing

Progressive incorporation

of regional record of

artisanal fishing boats.

REGIONAL RECORD

CONFEPESCA-OSPESCA MOU

Data colection about climate change by fishermen Leaders.

Special emphasis on the participation of indigenous

communities

Technical Consultation on International Guidelines on Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries

Joint regional position on the content of the Guidelines among governmental

authorities of the OSPESCA countries and the civil society represented by

CONFEPESCA.

Participation of small-scale fishermen in the consulting about fisheries regulations and policies process.

• 2nd. Global Fisheries Enforcement Training

Workshop. Norway. First participation of OSPESCA

3th. Global Fisheries Enforcement Training

Workshop. Mozambique

4th. Global Fisheries Enforcement Training

Workshop. COSTA RICA

International Cooperation in MCS -SPAIN, USA(NOAA),

TAIWAN -FAO, OLDEPESCA, CIAT, CITES, CARICOM (CRFM). - WWF, CI.

New IUU Regulations • Propose of a new regional Regulation on

Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing (2014).

CONCLUSIONS

• 2014 Updating of the regional fisheries policy.

• The governance model of binding agreements is new to OSPESCA. It´s convenient to accompany and to strengthen it.

• The Institutions as well as the participation of civil society should be strengthened (Artisanal fishermen) to combat the IUU

Margarita Lizarraga Medal Award 2012-2013.

FAO say: “OSPESCA was selected with recognition of its significant contribution to sustainable fisheries and aquaculture development in the Central American countries