Assessment presentation

Kayla Edwards3rd period

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• Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane in maintaining homeostasis and cell reproduction

Cells

Prokaryote Eukaryote

What’s the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote

• do not have a• Prokaryotes are not found in humans and eukaryotes are• Prokaryotes are always and are • Prokaryotes reproduce and divide by and eukaryotes

reproduce and divide by and

nucleusprokaryotes

eukaryotesunicellular multicellular

Binary fissionmitosis meiosis

Vocab1. Prokaryotes- any cellular organism that has no nuclear membrane,2. Nucleus- the control center of all cells3. Multicellular-composed of several or many cells.4. Unicellular-composed of one cell5. eukaryotes- any cellular organism that has a nuclear membrane6. Binary fission- asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms by division of two daughter cells7. Meiosis-the type of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of

chromosomes of the parent cell8. Mitosis- a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number

and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell.

What are some similarities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

• Both have a• Both have a• Both contain• They both have

Cell membrane

cytoplasm

Genetic material

ribosomes

Vocab1. Cell membrane- the semi permeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a

cell.2. Cytoplasm- the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.3. Genetic material- materials found in the nucleus, which play a fundamental role

in determining the structure and nature of cell substances.(Dna or rna)4. Ribosomes- Small round particles in a cell made up of rna and protein

Functions of cell organelles

Cell wall

a tough, flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells.

Location – prokaryotic cellsFunction-support and protect the cell

Cell membrane

The cell membrane is the semi permeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.

Location-both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellsFunction- controls movement of materials in/out of cell and maintains homeostasis

How does the cell membrane maintain homeostasis

• The cell membrane is a double phospholipids membrane. This keeps water from flowing through when sodium or potassium concentrations are higher or lower on one side of the membrane.

VocabHomeostasis- The process carried out by the human body to maintain a constant temperature.

Nucleus

The nucleus is the control center of the cell

location- eukaryotic cellsFunction-controls the cells activities

Nuclear membrane

The double-layered membrane surrounding the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, separating the nucleus from the cytoplasm.

Location-eukaryotic cellsFunction- Controls movement of materials in and out of nucleus

cytoplasm

The cytoplasm is the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.

Location- both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsFunction- supports ands protects cell organelles

Vocab1. the colorless material comprising the living part of a cell, including the

cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles

Endoplasmic reticulum (e.r)

The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane

Location-eukaryotic cellsFunction- carries materials through cell

Ribosome

Ribosomes are Small round particles in a cell made up of rna and protein

Location- both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsFunction- produces proteins

Vocab1. Rna – ribonucleic acid2. Protein- any of a class of nitrogenous organic

compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms

mitochondrion

A mitochondrion is a rod shaped organelle found within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

Location- eukaryotic cellsFunction- breaks down sugar molecules into energy

Vocab1. Organelle- any of a number of organized or specialized

structures within a living cell.

vacuole

A vacuole is a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid

Location-eukaryotic cells(more prone in plant cells)Function- store food, water, waste

lysosome

A lysosome is a cell organelle containing enzymes that digest particles and that disintegrate the cell after its death.

Location-eukaryotic cellsFunction- breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules

Vocab1. Enzymes- a substance produced by a living organism that acts

as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction2. Molecules- a group of atoms bonded together, representing

the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction

3. Disintegrate- break up into small parts

chloroplastsChloroplast is a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.

Location- eukaryotic cells( only plants)Function- uses energy from sun to make food for the plant (photosynthesis)

Vocab1. Photosynthesis- the process by which green plants and some other

organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water

2. Chlorophyll- a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis

3. Plastid- any of a class of small organelles, such as chloroplasts, in the cytoplasm of plant cells, containing pigment or food.

Cilium

Cilium is a short, microscopic, hair like vibrating structure

location- outside a eukaryotic cellFunction- to help move the cell around

Vocab1. Microscopic- being so small that it cant be seen with a naked eye

Flagellum

Flagellum is a slender threadlike structure, esp. a microscopic whip like appendage that enables many protozoa, bacteria, spermatozoa

Location- on the outside of a prokaryotic cellFunction- to help prokaryotes move around

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