Bangkok, July 26th 2011

Outline

Present Condition Problems Measurements Conclusions

Irrigation & PopulationCo

nditi

ons

Water Potency

Water Problems

Population

FoodWaterLand Use

Climate Change

Prob

lem

s

Irrigation Problems• Land acquisition

• Land use change from irrigation to residential area (around 35.000 Ha/year)

• Farmers’ preferrences to plant palm tree than paddy

• Operation and maintenance (fund, man power, discipline, etc.)

• Natural disaster (i.e. Eruption of Merapi Mountain which destroyed + 10,000 Ha

• Catchment area degradation

Mind Map

Water/ IrrigationProblems

Demand Mgt

Supply

Infrastructures

Institutions

Spatial Plan

River Basin Plans

Decentralization

Participatory

Regulations

Mea

sure

men

ts

conventional approach

complementary approach

Spatial Plan• Boundary : administrative region

• Legalization by government head

• Land use zoning

• Accommodating all sectors: defense, security, agriculture, forestry, industry, transportation, health, energy, mining, education, water, housing, etc.

River Basin Plans• Boundary : river basin

• Consist physical and non-physical efforts

• Pillars of water management :• water conservation, • water utilization, • control of water destructive

potential,• public participation• information system

• Arranged with coordination of government in all level, water users (agriculture, industry, commercial), universities, NGOs cosensus

Decentralization

38%

19%

43%Central Gov-ernment

Provincial Governments

Regencies/ Municipalities

Total Irrigation area 7.42 million hectares

• There are 33 provinces and 495 regencies/municipalities

• Local governments budget comes from national transfer and local income (taxes, retribution, etc.)

National Transfer- DAU- DAK- Infrastructure Fund

Irrigation Mgt & Development

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 -

400

800

1,200

1,600

2,000

2,400

New Construction RehabilitationOperation & Maintenance

Irrig

ation

Are

a (t

hous

and

hect

ares

)

Irrigation Mgt & Development (2)

PISPTarget : six highest paddy producer provincesActivities :

• irrigation institution (at local government) empowerment• water user association empowerment and • rehabilitation of around 457 thousand hectares irrigation farm

PIRIMP Target : nine provinces (North Sumatera, West Sumatera, Jambi, South

Sumatera, Banten, West Java, Central Java, East Java, and South Kalimantan)Activities : total 59 thousand national irrigation area

• rehabilitation and • construction

Irrigation Mgt & Development (2)

DISIMPTarget : nine provinces in eastern IndonesiaActivities : • empowerment if irrigation institution in local government• rehabilitation of local irrigation areas (around 84 thousand hectares)

System of Rice IntensificationMethod :• intermitten irrigation• 1 seed per hole• organic fertilizer• without insecticide

SRIConventional/Non-SRI

System of Rice IntensificationProvince

Productivity (ton/Ha)

Non SRI SRI

Lampung 12.00 13.50

Banten 10.00 16.90

West Java 6.04 6.59

Central Java 8.27 9.27

East Java 7.00 8.00

Bali 7.80 11.18

NTB 4.31 8.06

NTT 3.46 6.50

South Sulawesi 4.54 7.39

Southeast Sulawesi 3.58 5.36

Central Sulawesi 3.69 7.00

North Sulawesi 7.49 15.03

Gorontalo 4.82 7.51

Lessons LearntCo

nclu

sion

s

• Pressures in irrigation come from population growth, water availability, land availability, etc.

• Comprehensive approach is needed to solve the problems, including demand management

• Measures in Demand Management can be form of introducing a new plantation method i.e. SRI, applying clusters plantation, empowering water user association/farmers, etc.

• It is necessary to control population growth since population affect the most to water sector and irrigation.

Thank You