basicxml presentation

8/2/2019 BasicXML Presentation

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Basic XML - Concepts


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Our goals

What is XML?

XML Syntax Rules

XML Elements Naming Rules

XML Attributes

XML Validation

XML Related Technologies

XML Quiz


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What is XML?


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What is XML?

XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language

XML is a markup language much like HTML

XML was designed to describe data

XML tags are not predefined. You must define your owntags

XML is a W3C Recommendation (10. February 1998.)


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What is XML?

Usage of XML XML is used to Exchange Data (widely used)

Data can be exchanged between incompatible systems.

Information can be exchanged over the Internet.

XML Can be Used to Store Data


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XML Syntax Rules


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XML Syntax Rules

The syntax rules of XML are very simple and very strict.

Example:

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XML Syntax Rules

XML Document can have a XML declaration element

Defines the XML version and the character encoding usedin the document.


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XML Syntax Rules

XML Documents Must Have a Root Element

Example:


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XML Syntax Rules

Invalid XML without Root Element

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XML Syntax Rules

XML Tags are Case Sensitive

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XML Syntax Rules

XML Elements Must be Properly Nested

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XML Syntax Rules

All XML Elements Must Have a Closing Tag

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XML Syntax Rules

Comments in XML

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XML Syntax Rules

With XML, the white space in your document is not truncated.

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XML Syntax Rules

XML Element can have Empty Value

Sample :

or


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XML elements must follow these naming rules: Names can contain letters, numbers, and other characters

Names must not start with a number or punctuation character

Names must not start with the letters xml (or XML, or Xml, etc)

Names cannot contain spaces Names should not have semi colon (:) its reserved for something

called namespace


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Some Examples:

XML Element Name Valid / Invalid Comments

Valid

Invalid Should not start with number

Valid Some special characters are allows

Invalid No spaces

Invalid Should not start with word xml / XML /

xML etc

Invalid Semi colon not allowed

Valid No restriction on element length


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XML Attributes


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XML Attributes

elementValue

n number of attributes can be defined in a element

Attribute values must always be enclosed in quotes, but

either single or double quotes can be used. attributes cannot contain multiple values

attributes name should not be repeated in the same element(Check)


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XML Attributes

Example:

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Tidel park

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XML Validation


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XML Validation

Well Formed XML Documents A "Well Formed" XML document has correct XML syntax.

A "Well Formed" XML document is a document that conforms tothe XML syntax rules:

XML documents must have a root element

XML elements must have a closing tag

XML tags are case sensitive

XML elements must be properly nested

XML attribute values must always be quoted

XML attribute may appear more than once on the same start-tag.

XML elements name follows the naming syntax rules


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XML Validation

Valid XML Documents : A "Valid" XML document also conforms to a XML

definition (DTD / XML Schema)

A "Valid" XML document is a "Well Formed" XML

document, which is according to the XML structuredefined in DTD or XML Schema (more about it later) thenaming syntax rules


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XHTML (Extensible HTML) is a stricter and cleanerversion of HTML.

XSL (Extensible Style Sheet Language) - XSL consists ofthree parts

XSLT (XSL Transformations)- a language for transforming XMLdocuments

XPath - a language for navigating in XML documents

XSL-FO (Formatting Objects) - a language for formatting XMLdocuments.


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XSD (XML Schema) is an XML-based alternative to DTDs. DTD (Document Type Definition) is used to define the

legal elements in an XML document.

XQuery (XML Query Language) is designed to query XML

data. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is an XML-based

protocol to let applications exchange information overHTTP.


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WSDL (Web Services Description Language) is an XML-based language for describing web services.

XLink (XML Linking Language) is a language for creatinghyperlinks in XML documents.

XPointer (XML Pointer Language) allows the XLinkhyperlinks to point to more specific parts in the XMLdocument.


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Quiz


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Quiz

1.What does XML stand for? eXtensible Markup Language

X-Markup Language

Example Markup Language

Xtra Modern Link

Answer : eXtensible Markup Language


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Quiz

2. There is a way of describing XML data, how? XML uses a description node to describe data

XML uses a DTD to describe the data

XML uses XSL to describe data

Answer :XML uses a DTD to describe the data


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Quiz

3. XML's goal is to replace HTML False

True

Answer : False


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Quiz

4.What is the correct syntax of the declaration which definesthe XML version?

Answer :


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Quiz

5.What does DTD stand for? Dynamic Type Definition

Do The Dance

Direct Type Definition

Document Type Definition

Answer : Document Type Definition


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Quiz

6. Is this a "well formed" XML document?

Tove

Jani

Reminder

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Yes

No

Answer : Yes


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Quiz


Tove

Jani

Reminder

Don't forget me this weekend!

Yes

No

Answer : No


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Quiz

8.Which statement is true? All the statements are true

All XML elements must be lower case

All XML documents must have a DTD

All XML elements must be properly closed

Answer : All XML elements must be properly closed


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Quiz

9.Which statement is true? All the statements are true

XML elements must be properly nested

XML tags are case sensitive

XML documents must have a root tag

Answer: All the statements are true


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Quiz

10. XML preserves white spaces False

True

Answer : False


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Quiz


Tove

Jani

No

Yes

Answer : Yes


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Quiz


Tove

Jani

Yes

No

Answer : No


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Quiz

13. XML elements cannot be empty True

False

Answer : False


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Quiz

14.Which is not a correct name for an XML element?

All 3 names are incorrect

Answer :


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Quiz

15.Which is not a correct name for an XML element? All 3 names are incorrect

Answer :


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Quiz

16.Which is not a correct name for an XML element? All 3 names are incorrect

Answer : All 3 names are incorrect