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Batch 2017 only

GURU KASHI UNIVERSITY University College of Paramedical Science (Code: 8)

Advanced Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology (Code: 809)

HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (809101)

Credit: 04 L T P

SEM: 1st 3 1 0

Theory

1. Introduction to human body, its anatomy and physiology.

2. Tissues of body and their classification along with brief description.

3. Skeletal system-Structure of Bones, Bones of cranium, face, vertebral column, Upper &

lower limbs, fracture of bones, movements of joints.

4. Muscular System- Structure and types of muscles in human body.

5. Circulatory system- Structure of heart, names and position of main blood vessels.

6. Digestive system- Parts of gastrointestinal tract and associated glands.

7. Respiratory system- Parts of respiratory system.

8. Urinary system- Parts of urinary system.

9. Skin & sense organs- Eye, Ear, Nose and Tongue (taste buds).

10. Nervous system- Parts of Brain, spinal cord, Cranial nerve, spinal cord, Peripheral nerves,

Blood supply of Brain and spinal cord.

11. Reproductive system- male & female reproductive organs.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Basic Anatomy and Physiology by N Murugesh; Sathya Publishers, Madurai

2. Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology by Anne Waugh and Kathleen JW Wilson;

Curchill Living Stone; London

3. Anatomy and Physiology by Pears; JP Brothers, New Delhi

4. Anatomy and Physiology by Sears; ELBS, London

Batch 2017 only



GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY (809102)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM: 1st 3 0 0

1. Introduction to Microbiology

Definition, Brief history, importance of microbiology

1. Structure of bacteria

Types of bacteria, Classification of bacteria on the basis of shapes, Anatomical

structure of a bacterial cell including spores, flagella and capsules.

3. Bacterial growth and nutrition of bacteria.

4. Microscopy –

Principle and care, working of Simple microscope and compound microscope

5. Sterilization - definition

- By dry heat,

- Moist heat,

- Autoclave & hot air oven- their structure, functioning, controls and sterilization

indicators.

- By radiation and filtration

6. Antiseptics and disinfectants.

7. Definitions, types, properties, use of disinfectants and antiseptics

8. Bacterial culture and culture techniques

Inoculations of culture media, aerobic and anaerobic culture, isolation of pure

and mixed cultures.

9. Staining techniques

Methods of smear preparation, Gram stain, Ziehl-Neelson’s (Z-N) stain, Albert’s

stain.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Textbook of Medical Microbiology by Satish Gupta; JP Brothers, New Delhi

2. Practical Book of Medical Microbiology by Satish Gupta; JP Brothers, New Delhi

3. An Introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology by FJ Baker; Butterworth –

Heinemann; Oxford

4. Textbook of Medical Laboratory Technology by Praful B Godkar; Bhalani

Publishing House, Mumbai

5. Medical Laboratory Technology by Kanai Lal Mukherjee; Tata McGraw Hill,

New Delhi

6. Medical Laboratory Manual for Tropical Countries Vol. I and II by Monica

7. Cheesbrough; Cambridge University Press; UK

8. Text Book of Microbiology by Ananthanarayan and Paniker; Orient Longman,

Hyderabad

9. Text book of Medical Microbilogy by Cruckshiank Vol. I and II

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL HAEMATOLOGY-I (809103)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM: 1st 3 0 0

1. Introduction to haematology

1.1 Various apparatus used in haematology labs.

1.2 Precautions to be taken while working in a lab.

1.3 Role of technician in infection control

2. Heamopoisis.

2.1 Definition, composition and functions of blood

2.2 Erythropoiesis, leucopoiesis, thrombopoeisis

3. Basic haematological techniques

3.1 Characteristics of good technician

3.2 Preparations of specimen collection material

3.3 Lab request form

3.4 Universal precautions

3.5 Patient after care.

3.6 Haemolysis of blood

3.7 Separation of Serum

3.8 Separation of Plasma

3.9 Effect of storage on blood cell morphology

4. Anticoagulants

4.1 Definition and various types of anticoagulants along with their mode of action and

their preparation with merits and demerits of each.

5. Collection and preservation of blood

5.1. Collection of blood; venous and capillary

5.2. Various Equipment used for collection of blood samples

5.3. Safety measures at the time of sampling and collection

5.4 Preservation and disposal of processed blood samples

5.5. Changes in stored blood.

6. Collection, preservation and routine examination of urine samples.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Medical Laboratory Technology Vol. 1 by KL Mukherjee; Tata McGraw Hill

Publishers, New Delhi

2. Textbook of Medical Laboratory Technology by Praful B Godkar; Bhalani

Publishing House, Mumbai

3. Practical Haematology by JV Decei; ELBS with Curchill Living Stone; UK

4. Medical Laboratory Science Theory and Practical by J Ochei and A Kolhatkar,

5. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi 2000 Ed.

6. Medical Lab. Technology by Satish Gupte, JP Publishers

Batch 2017 only



BASIC BIOCHEMISTRY (809104)

Credit: 03

SEM: 1st L T P

Theory 3 0 0

1. Introduction to biochemistry

1.1 Definition

1.2 Importance of biochemistry

1.3 SI Units and their use

1.4 Volumetric apparatus and their calibration

2. Cleaning and storage of laboratory, glass and plastic ware

2.1 Cleaning and care of laboratory glass and plastic ware

2.2 Different cleaning agents (soaps, detergents, chromic acid)

2.3 Methods of cleaning and storage

3. Important instruments; principle, working, handling and care

3.1 Balance (Analytical, electrical/electronic)

3.2 Centrifuge

3.3 Colorimeter

4. pH- definition, scale, indicators

4.1 Buffer solution: Definition and Preparation

5. Blood fractions

5.1 Preparation of Serum

5.2. Preparation of Plasma

5.3. Different protein precipitating reagents

5.4. Preparation of Protein Free Filtrate (PFF)

6. Collection and preservation of clinical specimens

- Blood

- Urine

- Stool

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. A Procedure Manual for Routine Diagnostic Tests Vol. I by KL Mukherjee; Tata

McGraw Hill Publishers, New Delhi

2. Biochemistry Estimations by F.J.Baker

Batch 2017 only



ELEMENTERY BIOLOGY (809105)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM: 1st 3 0 0

Theory 1. LIVING WORLD

1.1 Introduction to biology

1.2 Biology & Its Branches; relationships with other sciences; scientific methods in

Biology; Historical breakthroughs;

1.3 scope of biology and career options; role of Biology in dispelling myths and

misbelieves;

1.4 characters of living organisms, (elementary idea of metabolism, Transfer of

energy at molecular level, open and closed systems, homoeostasis, growth and

Reproduction, adaptation, survival, death).

2. DIVERSITY OF LIFE

1.1 Variety of living organisms, need, history and types of classification (artificial,

Natural, polygenetic);

1.2 Binomial nomenclature; Two kingdom system, Five Kingdom System, their

merits and demerits,

3. CELL AS A BASIC UNIT OF LIFE

3.1 Cell Theory, Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic Cell,

3.2 Brief introduction to the cell Organelles and their functions.

3.3 Cell Division: Brief Introduction, Mitosis, Meiosis

4. TISSUES

4.1 Study of different animal tissues,

4.2 Nervous tissue

4.3 Connective

4.4 Muscular

4.5 Epithelial

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. NCERT biology books volume I.

2. Trueman's Elementary Biology by K.N. Bhatia (Author), M.P. Tyagi.

http://www.amazon.in/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=K.N.+Bhatia&search-alias=stripbooks

http://www.amazon.in/M.P.-Tyagi/e/B00IUL5JXE/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_2

Batch 2017 only



ELEMENTARY PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY (809106)

Credit: 04 L T P

SEM: 1st 4 0 0

SECTION-1 (ELEMENTARY PHYSICS)

Theory

1. SI UNITS

Need for measurement: units of measurement; system of units SI units; fundamental

and derived units; length and time measurements.

2. MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM

Concept of magnetic field. Oersted’s experiment; Biot- Savart law and its application

to current carrying circular loop, Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long

straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids.

3. ATOMS & NUCLEI

Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model,

Energy levels. hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses,

isotopes, isobars; isotones Radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and

their properties; radioactive decay law. Applications of radio activity.

4. OPTICS

Reflection of light: spherical mirrors & its types. Refraction of Light: lenses & its

types. Image formations, magnification & power of a lens, Refraction and dispersion

of light through a prism. Scattering of light-blue colour of the sky and reddish

appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset. Microscope & their Magnifying Powers.

SECTION-II (ELEMENTARY CHEMISTRY)

1. SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISRY

General introduction: importance and scope of Chemistry. Historical approach to

particulate nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton`s atomic theory:

concept of elements, atoms and molecules.

2. REDOX REACTION

Concept of oxidation & reduction

Oxidation number

Balancing Redox reaction in terms of loss or gain of electrons and change in

oxidation number

Batch 2017 only



3. CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE

Chemicals in medicines - annalgesica, tranquilizers, antisecptics, disinfectants,

antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.

Chemicals in food- preservatives, artificial sweetening agents.

Cleansing agents - soaps and detergents, cleansing action

4. MODERN PERIODIC TABLE Significance and Classification upto 20 elements. Atomic number valency &

electronic configuration, atomic and molecular maasses, mole concept and molar

mass.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Pradeep's New Course Chemistry by S.N. Dhawan , S.C. Kheterpal , P.N. Kapil

2. NCERT chemistry books.

3. Pradeep's Fundamental Physics by K.L. Gomber and K.L. Gogia.

http://www.amazon.in/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=S.N.+Dhawan&search-alias=stripbooks

http://www.amazon.in/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&field-author=S.C.+Kheterpal&search-alias=stripbooks

http://www.amazon.in/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_3?ie=UTF8&field-author=P.N.+Kapil&search-alias=stripbooks

http://www.amazon.in/Pradeeps-Fundamental-Physics-Class-11/dp/9386008300/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1501656837&sr=8-1&keywords=pradeep%27s+physics

Batch 2017 only



ENGLISH & COMMUNICATION SKILLS-I (120104)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM: 1st 3 0 0

DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Facets of Literature

1.1 Short Stories

1.1.1 Homecoming – R.N. Tagore

1.1.2 The Selfish Giant Oscar Wilde

1.1.3 The Diamond Necklace Guy De Maupassantt

1.1.4 The Stick – Justice Surinder Singh

1.2 Prose

1.2.1 I Have A Dream – Martin Luther King

1.2.2 On Habits – A. G. Gardiner

1.2.3 My struggle for An Education Booker T Washington

1.2.4 On Seeing People Off – Max Beerbohm

1.3 Poems

1.3.1 Ozymandias – P.B. Shelley

1.3.2 Daffodils – William Wordsworth

1.3.3 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening – Robert Frost

1.3.4 Forefathers Edmund Blunden

2. Grammar and Usage

2.1 Parts of speech

2.1.1 Nouns

2.1.2 Pronouns

2.1.3 Adjectives

2.1.4 Articles

2.1.5 Verbs

2.1.6 Adverbs

2.1.7 Prepositions

2.1.8 Conjunction

2.1.9 Interjection

2.1.10 Identifying parts of speech

2.1.11 Structures: Verb patterns, Question tags,

2.1.12 Subject – Verb agreement (concord)

2.2 Pair of words (Words commonly confused and misused)

2.3 Tenses

2.4 Correction of incorrect sentences

2.5 One word Substitution

3. Translation (04 hrs)

3.1 Glossary of Administrative Terms (English and Hindi)

3.2 Translation from Hindi into English

4. Paragraph of 100150 words from outlines

Batch 2017 only



5. Comprehension

Unseen passages of literacy, scientific, data/graph based for comprehension exercises

6. Communication

6.1 Definition, Introduction and Process of Communication

6.2 Objectives of Communication

6.3 Notices

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. English and Communication Skills, BookIIBy Kuldip Jaidka, Alwainder Dhillon and

parmod Kumar Singla, Prescribed by NITTTR, Chandigarh & Published By Abhishek

Publication, 5759,Sector17,Chandigarh

2. Essentials of Business Communication by Pal and Rorualling; Sultan Chand and Sons

3. The Essence of Effective Communication, Ludlow and Panthon; Prentice Hall of India

4. New Design English Grammar, Reading and Writing Skills by AL Kohli (Course A and

course B), Kohli Publishers, 34Industrial Area PhaseII,Chandigarh,

5. New Design English Reading and Advanced Writing Skills for Class XI and XII by MK

Kohli and AL Kohli; Kohli Publishers, 34Industrial Area PhaseII,Chandigarh,

6. A Practical English Grammar by Thomson and Marlinet

7. Spoken English by V Sasikumar and PV Dhamija; Tata McGraw Hill

8. English Conversation Practice by Grount Taylor; Tata McGraw Hill

9. Developing Communication Skills by Krishna Mohan and Meera Banerji; MacMillan

India Ltd., Delhi

10. Business Correspondence and Report Writing by RC Sharma and Krishna Mohan; Tata

McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd.New Delhi

Batch 2017 only



GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY LAB (809107)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM: 1st 0 0 4

PRACTICAL

1. Demonstration of safety rules (universal precautions) in a microbiology laboratory

2. Preparation of cleaning agents and techniques of cleaning of glass and plastic

ware.

3. Sterilization by autoclave and hot air oven

4. Handling and use of compound microscope

5. Staining techniques: Gram, Albert’s, Ziehl – Neelson’s

6. Demonstration of motility (Hanging drop method)

7. Preparation and sterilization of various culture media ( Nutrient agar, Nutrient

broth, Blood agar, Chocolate agar, Mac-Conkey agar, Lowenstein-Jensen Media

8. Aerobic and anaerobic culture methods

9. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Stokes disc diffusion method

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL HAEMATOLOGY-I LAB (809108)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM: 1st 0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Demonstration of various parts of centrifuge; its functioning and care

2. Demonstration of various parts of microscope its functioning and care

3. Cleaning and drying of glass and plastic ware

4. Preparation of various anticoagulants

5. Collection of venous and capillary blood

6. Preparation of the stains and other reagents

7. Preparation of peripheral blood film (PBF)

Batch 2017 only



BASIC BIOCHEMISTRY LAB (809109)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM: 1st 0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Cleaning of glass ware

2. Standardization of glass ware

3. Handling and maintenance of Balance, Centrifuge, Colorimeter

4. Preparation of various anticoagulants and specimen collection vials/containers

5. Collection of blood by various methods 6. Separation of serum and plasma

7. Preparation of different protein precipitating agents, PFF preparation

Batch 2017 only



HISTOTECHNOLOGY (809201)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM: 2nd

3 0 0

Theory

1. General description & uses of common equipments in histopathology laboratory,

maintenance laboratory hazards and safety precautions.

2. Light Microscope

2.1 Principles of light microscope

2.2 Various parts of microscope

2.3 Uses of microscope

2.4 Cleaning and maintenance of microscope

2.5 Various attachments of light microscope (introduction only)

- Polarizing

- Dark field

- Phase contrast

- Fluorescent

3. Special stains

3.1 Principle, significance and interpretation of different types of stains

- PAS

- Silver impergnation stain – Reticulin fibre

- Ziehl Neelson’s – for AFB and Leprae

- Masson’s trichrome stain

- Pearl’s Prussion Blue – Iron

- Oil Red O – fat

- Gram’s stain – Gram +ve and Gram –ve

4. Decalcification

4.1 Process of decalcification

4.2 Various types of decalcifying methods

4.3 Their mechanism, advantage, disadvantage and applications

5. Handling of fresh histological tissues (Frozen Section)

5.1 Reception and processing of frozen tissue

5.2 Freezing microtome and cryostat

5.3 Advantages and dis-advantages of freezing microtome and cryostat

5.4 Working, care, maintenance of freezing microtome and cryostat

5.5 Frozen section cutting

5.6 Staining

- Rapid H&E

- Fat stain

5.7 Mounting of frozen section

Batch 2017 only



RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Textbook of Medical Laboratory Technology by Praful B Godkar; Bhalani Publishing

House, Mumbai

2. Theory and Practice of Histological Technique by John D. Bancroft, Churchill Livingstone,

London

3. Cellular Pathology Techniques by CFA Culling, Butterworths, London

4. Medical Lab Technology by Dr. Ramnik Sood, MD, Maulana Azad College, New

Delhi

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY (809202)

Credit: 04 L T P

SEM: 2nd

4 0 0

1. Bacteriology

- General characteristics of bacteria - morphology, staining, culture, biochemical

- Characteristics and Lab diagnosis of:

1.1 Staphylococi

1.2 Streptococci and pneumococci

1.3 Corynebacterium diptheria

1.4 Enterobacteriacae - I (E coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter)

1.5 Enterobacteriacae – II (Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus)

1.6 Pseudomonas

1.7 Vibrio Cholerae

1.8 Neisseria

1.9 Clostridium

1.10 Treponema Pallidium

1.11 Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2. Bacteriological examination of:

2.1 Water

2.2 Milk

3. Bacterial pathogenicity

3.1 Definition of pathogenicity, pathogenesis and virulence

3.2 Sources of infection

3.3 Mode of spread of infection

3.4 Types of infection

4. Laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases

4.1 Respiratory tract infections

4.2 Wound and skin infections

4.3 Urinary tract infections

4.4 Genital tract infection

4.5 Gastro intestinal infections

4.6 PUO/Enteric fever

5. Nosocomial Infection

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Common types and source of nosocomial infection

5.3 Control of nosocomial infections

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Anatomy and Physiology by Pears; JP Brothers, New Delhi

2. Anatomy and Physiology by Sears; ELBS, London

3. Basic Anatomy and Physiology by N Murugesh; Sathya Publishers, Madurai

4. Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology by Anne Waugh and Kathleen JW Wilson;

Churchill Living Stone; London

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL HAEMATOLOGY – II (809203)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM:2nd

3 0 0

Theory

1 Haemoglobinometery

1.1. Formation of haemoglobin, function and its degradation

1.2. Types of haemoglobin

1.3. Various methods of estimation with specific reference to

Cyanmethaemoglobin Method

2 Haemocytometery

2.1. Various counting chambers

2.2. Methods of counting of RBC, WBC and platelets, their calculation and reference

values.

2.3. Errors involved in haemocytometery and means to minimize them.

Preparation of blood Films Types. Methods of preparation (Thick and thin

smear/film)

3. Staining techniques in Haematology (Romanowsky’s stains) : Principle, composition,

preparation of staining reagents and procedure of the following

3.1. Giemsa stain

3.2. Leishman stain

3.3. Wright’s stain

3.4. Field’s stain

3.5. JSB stain.

4. Differential leucocyte counting (DLC)

4.1. Preparation and staining of blood film

4.2. Performance of DLC

4.3. Normal values and significance of DLC

4.4. Blood cell morphology in health and disease

5. Quality Assurance in haematology such as accuracy, precision etc.

6 Automation in haematology such as blood cell counters.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Medical Laboratory Technology Vol. 1 by KL Mukherjee; Tata McGraw Hill Publishers,

New Delhi

2. An Introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology by FJ Baker; Butterworth Heinmann,

Oxford

3. Medical Laboratory Manual for Tropical Countries by Monica Cheesbrough; Cambridge

University Press, UK

4. Textbook of Medical Laboratory Technology by Praful B Godkar; Bhalani Publishing

House, Mumbai

5. .Practical Haematology by JV Decei; ELBS with Curchill Living Stone; UK

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY-I (809204)

Credit: 04 L T P

SEM:2nd

4 0 0

DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Carbohydrates

1.1. Definition

1.2. Composition and sources

1.3. Classification

1.4. Reactions

1.5. Important monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

1.6. Breakage of glucose, fructose, galactose , lactose, maltose

1.7. Role of carbohydrates

2 Lipids

2.1. Definition

2.2. Classification

2.3. Introduction to fatty acids, phospholipids, triglycerides, sterol, eregsterol,Cholesterol

2.4. Reactions of fats

2.5. Role of lipids

3. Proteins

3.1. Definition

3.2. Classification

3.3. Composition

3.4. Name of various amino acids

3.5. Properties of proteins

3.6. Role of proteins

3.7. Colour reactions

4. Enzymes

4.1 Definition

4.2 Classification

4.3 Chemical nature of enzymes

4.4 Properties of Enzymes

4.5 Factors affecting enzyme activity

4.6 Enzyme Inhibitors

4.7 Enzymes of Diagnostic Importance

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. A Procedure Manual for Routine Diagnostic Tests Vol. I and III by KL Mukherjee; Tata

McGraw Hill Publishers, New Delhi

2. A Textbook of Medical Laboratory Technology by P Godkar; Bhalani Publishing House,

Batch 2017 only



INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY-II (809205)

Credit: 04 L T P

SEM:2nd

4 0 0

Theory

1. LIVING WORLD

Origin and evolution of life - theories of evolution; evidence of evolution; sources of

variations (Mutation, recombination, genetic drift, migration, natural selection);

concept of species; Specification and isolation (geographical and reproductive); origin

of species.

2. ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Atmosphere; Hydrosphere; Lithosphere; Abiotic and Biotic components of

Ecosystem;Biogeochemical cycles of Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen; Food Chain and

Food web.

3. GENETICS

Continuity of life - heredity, variation; mendel's laws of inheritance, chromosomal

basis of inheritance; other patterns of inheritance - incomplete dominance,

multiple allelism, quantitative inheritance- Chromosomes - bacterial cell and

eukaryotic cell; parallelism between genes and chromosomes; genome, linkage

and crossing over; gene mapping; -recombination; DNA as a genetic material – its

structure and replication; structure of RNA and its role in protein synthesis .

4. MORPHOLOGY OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Morphology - root, stem and leaf, their sturucture and modification; Inflorescence,

flower,fruit, seed and their types;Description of Poaceae, Liliaceae, Fabaceae

Solanaceae,Brassicaceae and Asteraceae Morphology of animals - salient features of

earthworm, cockroach and rat; tissue systems,structure and function of tissues –

epithelial, connective, muscular and nervious.

Batch 2017 only



HISTOTCHNOLOGY LAB (809206)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM:2nd

0 0 4

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Reception and reporting

2. Gross examination of specimen

3. Processing of tissue

4. Fixation of tissue

5. Study of different type of microtome

6. Sharpening of microtome knife

7. Section cutting

8. H&E staining

9. PAP staining

10. Preservation of different Histopathological specimen

11. Preparation of permanent slides

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY I (809207)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM:2nd

0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Collection, transportation of clinical samples, processing including culture of following

clinical samples for identification of pathogens – Urine, Stool, Sputum, Throat swabs,

Pus and Pus swabs, Blood, Skin, Eye and Ear swabs and CSF

2. Identification of pure bacterial cultures of common pathogens.

3. Bacteriological examination of water and milk samples

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL HAEMATOLOGY – II (809208)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM:2nd 0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Preparation of peripheral blood film and recognition of different cellular components

2. Preparation and standardization of stains (leishman and giemsa)

3. Preparation of thick and thin blood smear.

4. Haemoglobin Estimation by Oxy-Hb and Cyanmethaemoglobin method

5. Counting of RBC

6. Counting of WBC

7. Platelet counting

8. Absolute eosinophil counting

9. Study of morphology of normal RBC and WBC with the help of stained Slide.

10. To study abnormal morphology of RBC with the help of stained slide

11. To study abnormal morphology of WBC with the help of stained slide

12. To study abnormal morphology of platelet with the help of stained slide

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY –I (809209)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM:2nd

0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Detection of carbohydrates

2. Detection of proteins and their types

3. Detection of lipids

4. Models of cycles of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism.

Batch 2017 only



HISTOPATHOLOGY & CYTOLOGY (809301)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM:3rd

3 0 0

Theory

1. Introduction and definition of:

1.1 Histology

1.2 Histopathology

1.3 Biopsy

1.4 Autopsy

1.5 Autolysis

2. Reception of Specimen

2.1 Reception, recording, labelling and preservation of histological specimen

3. Fixation and various fixatives

3.1 Commonly used fixatives

1. Preparation of Tissue (Different Methods of Preparation of Tissue)

4.1 Unfixed Tissue preparations

- Teased preparation

- Frozen section

4.2 Fixed Tissue preparations (introduction only)

- Paraffin embedding

- Gelatin embedding

5. Processing of tissues

5.1 Dehydration

5.2 Clearing/Dealcoholisation

5.3 Infiltration and impregnation

5.4Paraffin embedding

6. Microtomy

6.1 Microtome

- Types

- Advantages and disadvantages

-Working principle, care and maintenance

. 6.2 Microtome Knives

- Various types of knives

- Sharpening of knives

- Honing technique

- Stropping technique

- Faults Occurring During Section Cutting and their Remedies

7. Theory of staining (Routine)

7.1 Principle and mechanism of routine stain (Haematoxylin and Eosin)

Batch 2017 only



7.2 Various steps of staining (Haematoxylin and Eosin)

- Deparaffinization

- Hydration

- Nuclear Staining

- Differentiation

- Blueing

- Counterstaining

- Dehydration

- Clearing and Mounting

- Results

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. An Introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology by FJ Baker; Butterworths

Scientific, London

2. Carleton’s Histological Technique by RAB, Drury, MADM (OXON), FRC Path,

Northwick Paru Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex

3. Theory and Practice of Histological Technique by John D. Bancroft, Churchill

Livingstone, London

4. Cellular Pathology Techniques by CFA Culling, Butterworths, London

5. Medical Lab Technology by Dr. Ramnik Sood, MD, Maulana Azad College, New

Delhi

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL PARASITOLOGY & VIROLOGY (809302)

Credit: 05 L T P

SEM:3rd

4 1 0

Theory

1. Introduction to medical parasitology.

2. General characteristics, morphology, classification

- Protozoa

- Helminths

3. Laboratory Samples

Collection, transportation, processing and preservation of samples for routine investigations

– Blood, stool

4. Concentration techniques

- Principle and application of concentration techniques of stool for demonstration of ova and

cysts

5. Giardia and Entamoeba histolytica

- Morphology

- Life cycle

- Lab diagnosis

6. Ancylostoma and Ascaris lumbricoides

- Morphology

- Life cycle

- Lab diagnosis

7. T solium, T saginata

- Morphology

- Life cycle

- Lab diagnosis

8. Malarial Parasite (P. Vivax and P. Falciparum)

- Morphology

- Life cycle

- Lab diagnosis

9. Virology

-Introduction to medical virology

-Classification of viruses.

- Introduction to medically important viruses

- Collection, transportation and storage of sample for viral diagnosis

- Processing of samples for viral diagnosis (Egg inoculation and tissue culture)

Batch 2017 only



RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Parasitology by KD Chatterjee; Chatterjee Medical Publishers, Kolkatta

2. Pledical Parasitology by Arora & Arora

3. An introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology by FJ Baker; Butterworth

Heinemann Oxford

4. Text Book of Medical Microbilogy by Satish Gupta; JP Brothers, New Delhi

5. Textbook of Microbiology by Ananthanarayan and Panikar; Orient Longman,

Hyderabad

6. Practical Book of Medical Microbiology by Satish Gupta; JP Brothers, New Delhi

7. Medical Laboratory Science Theory and Practice by J Ochei and A Kolhatkar

8. Medical Laboratory Science by J. Achie and Kolhatkar, Tata McGraw Hill

Batch 2017 only



BLOOD BANKING (809303)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM:3rd

3 0 0

Theory

1. Historical introduction to Transfusion medicine (blood banking )

2. Development of ABO antigen in red cells

3. Glassware used in Blood Banking

3.1Types of glassware and cleaning agents used

3.2 Cleaning of new and used glassware/plastic ware

3.3Care of glassware/plastic ware

4. Anticoagulants used in blood bank

4.1 Types and composition of various anticoagulants

4.2. Advantages and disadvantages of various anticoagulants

5. Screening of blood donors for:

5.1 MP

5.2 VDRL

5.3 HIV

5.4 HbsAg

5.5 HCV

6. Antigen and Antibody

6.1 Definition of antigen and antibody

6.2 Classification of antigens and antibodies.

7. ABO Blood Group System

7.1 Antigens and antibodies involved

7.2 Principle and procedure of ABO blood grouping

7.3 Various other sub groups A1,A2,A1B,A2B

8 The Rh Blood Group System

8.1 Antigen and antibody involved

8.2 Principle and procedure of Rh grouping

8.3 Variant of D antigen (Du)

9. Coombs Test

9.1 Direct coombs test (principle, procedure, importance and application)

9.2 Indirect coombs test (principle, procedure, importance and application)

Batch 2017 only



10. Cross Matching

10.1 Types of cross matching

10.2 Various methods and their procedures

11. Blood Collection and storage

11.1 Screening of blood donor and characteristics of ideal blood donor.

11.2 Blood collection procedure

11.3 Transportation and storage

12. Various blood components (Packed cells, Fresh frozen plasma, Cryoprecipitate, PRP

(Platelet rich plasma)

12.1 Preparation

12.2 Preservation

13. Blood Transfusion reactions

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Introduction to Modern Lab Technology by FJ Baker, Butterworth, Heinemann

Publishers Oxford

2. Text book of Modern Lab Technology by Praful and Godker, Bhalani Publisher,

Mumbai

3. Modern Lab Technology – A Procedure Manual for Routine Diagnostic Test by

4. Kanai L. Mukerjee, Volume 1, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing, New Delhi

5. Modern Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices by Denise M Harmering, Jay

Pee Brothers, New Delhi

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY- II (809304)

Credit: 05 L T P

SEM:3rd

4 1 0

Theory

1. Serum Bilirubin

1.1 Formation and excretion of bilirubin

1.2 Formation of bile pigments

1.3 Conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin

1.4 Principle and procedures of serum bilirubin estimation (Direct & Indirect)

1.5 Reference values

1.6 Clinical importance

2. Urinary Proteins and Creatnine

2.1 24 hr. urinary proteins and creatnine estimation



3. SGOT and SGPT

3.1 Principle and procedures of estimation



4. ALP and ACP




5. Serum Amylase




6. Renal Function Tests

6.1 Renal clearance test-Principle and procedures


7. Serum Calcium and Phosphorus




8. Lipid Profile

8.1 Formation of cholesterol

8.2 High density and low density cholesterol

8.3 Principles and procedures of estimation

8.4 Reference value

Batch 2017 only




8.6 Triglycerides

8.7 Estimation and importance of various ratios of HDL, LDL and VLDL

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. A Procedure Manual for Routine Diagnostic Tests Vol. I, II and III by KL

Mukherjee; Tata McGraw Hill Publishers, New Delhi

2. Practical Clinical Biochemistry by H. Varley; Heinmann Publishers, Oxford

3. A Text Book of Medical Laboratory Technology by P Godkar; Bhalani

Publishers, Mumbai

4. Medical Laboratory Science, Theory and Practice by J Ochaie and A Kolhatkar,

Tata McGraw Hill

Batch 2017 only



Medical Laboratory Management (809305)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM:3rd

3 0 0

Theory

1. Ethical Principles and standards for a clinical laboratory professional

a. Duty to the patient

b. Duty to colleagues and other professionals

c. Duty to the society

2. Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Regulations and Accreditation

a. Introduction to Basics of GLP and Accreditation

b. Aims of GLP and Accreditation

c. Advantages of Accreditation

d. Brief knowledge about Nation and International Agencies for clinical laboratory

accreditation

3. Awareness / Safety in a clinical laboratory

a. General safety precautions

b. HIV: pre- and Post-exposure guidelines

c. Hepatitis B & C: pre- and Post-exposure guidelines

d. Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

4. Patient management for clinical samples collection, collection of sample, transportation and

preservation

5. Sample accountability

a. Purpose of accountability

b. Methods of accountability

6. Sample analysis

a. Introduction

b. Factors affecting sample analysis

7. Reporting results

a. Basic format of a test report

b. Reported reference range

c. Clinical Alerts

d. Abnormal results

e. Turnaround time

f. Results from referral laboratories

g. Release of examination results

h. Alteration in reports

8. Quality Management system

a. Introduction

Suggested Readings:

1. Medical Laboratory Management, by Sangeeta Sharma et.al, Viva Books Pvt Ltd.

4737/23, Ansar Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi

2. Clinical Laboratory Management, by Lynne Shore Garcia, ISBN Number 978-1-

55581-279

Batch 2017 only



COMPUTER APPLICATION (803405)

Credit: 03 L T P

SEM:3rd

3 0 0

Theory

1. Introduction to Computers

2. Block diagram of a computer & overview of its working

3. Interconnections of various peripherals with computers

4. Input/output & Secondary storage device

5. Classified of programming languages

6. Classification of computers

7. Familiarization with operating system

8. Introduction to Computer Operating System (Dos,Windows95/XP)

9. Introduction to DOS structure, system files, batch files & configuration files

10. Booting the system from floppy and hard disk

11. Brief introduction to DOS, Internal and External commands

12. Familiarization with windows structures, its use and application

13. Prepation of Documents through word processing

14. Idea of Text Editors like Microsoft Word, write etc.

15. Opening a document

16. Preparing documents, inserting diagrams and tables

17. Editing documents

18. Character, Word and line editing

19. Margin setting, Paragraph alignment

20. Block operations

21. Spell checker

22. Saving a document

23. Printing a document

24. Information Presentation for Decision making using Spreadsheet (Excel)

25. Application of spread sheet

26. Structure of spreadsheet

27. Preparing spreadsheet for simple data and numeric operations

28. Using formulae in spreadsheet operations

29. Making tables, sorting and quering

30. Creation of graphs, Pie charts, bar charts

31. Printing reports

32. Computer Aided Drafting (CAD)

33. Making simple drawings using features of CAD and conforming the drafting

specifications

34. Saving and retrieving drawings

35. Dimensioning

36. Lettering

37. Plotting drawing

Batch 2017 only



RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Fundamentals of Computer by V Rajaraman; Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

2. Information Technology for Management by Henery Lucas, 7th edition, Tata Mc Graw

Hills, New Delhi

3. Computers Fundamentals Architecture and Organisation by B Ram, revised Edition, New

Age International Publishers, New Delhi

4. Computers Today by SK Basandara, Galgotia publication Pvt ltd. Daryaganj, New Delhi.

5. Internet for Every One by Alexis Leon and Mathews Leon; Vikas Publishing House Pvt.

Ltd., Jungpura, New Delhi

6. A First Course in Computer by Sanjay Saxena; Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,

Jungpura, New Delhi

7. Computer Fundamentals by PK Sinha; BPB Publication, New Delhi

8. Fundamentals of Information Technology by Leon and Leon;Vikas PublishingHouse Pvt.

Ltd., Jungpura, New Delhi

9. On Your Marks - Net…Set…Go… Surviving in an e-world by Anushka Wirasinha,

Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

10. Fundamentals of Information Technology by Vipin Arora, Eagle Parkashan, Jalandhar

Batch 2017 only



HISTOPATHOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY LAB (809306)

Credit: 01 L T P

SEM:3rd

0 0 2

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Reception of specimen, labelling and preserving the specimen

2. Preparation of various smears by unfixed methods - Teased smears

3. Preparation of different fixatives with preparation of formalin based fixatives

4. Preparation of paraffin blocks from various tissue pieces

5. Handling of microtome

6. Sharpening of microtome knives

7. Preparation of blocks for fine cutting

8. Practice of fine section cutting

10. Performing H&E staining on sections

11. Mounting and labelling of tissue section using various mounting medias.

12. Demonstration of cell

13. Processing of urine samples for malignant cells

14. Processing of sputum sample for malignant cytology

15. To perform H&E on given smear

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL PARASITOLOGY & VIROLOGY LAB (809307)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM:3rd

0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Collection and routine stool examination for detection of intestinal parasites

- Saline preparation

- Lugol’s Iodine preparation

- Concentration methods

a) Floatation method (saturated salt solution/zinc sulphate)

b) Centrifugation method (formal ether)

2. Identification of following adult worms from preserved specimen/slides

- Tapeworm

- Roundworm

- Hookworm

- Giardia

- Entamoeba , histolytica, E. Coli

3. Preparation and identification of blood parasites

- Preparation of stains (Leishman, Giemsa Field)

- Preparation of thin and thick smears

- Staining of smears by Leishman, Giemsa Field

- Examination of smears for malarial parasite (P. vivax and P. falciparum)

- Demonstration of various stages of malarial parasite from stained slides

Batch 2017 only



BLOOD BANKING LAB (809308)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM:3rd

0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Washing and sterilization of glass ware

2. Performing ABO blood grouping by following method:

- Direct

- Tube Test

- Indirect (reverse)

- Subgroup

3. Performing-Rh grouping by following techniques:

- Slide

- Tube technique

4. Performance of Coombs Test

- Direct

- Indirect

5. Cross Matching (compatibility testing)

- Major

- Minor

6. Preparation of anticoagulants

- ACD (Acid Citrate Dextrose)

- CPD (Citrate Phosphate Dextrose)

- CPDA (Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Analine)

Batch 2017 only



CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY- II LAB (809309)

Credit: 02 L T P

SEM:3rd

0 0 4

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Serum bilirubin estimation

2. Phosphorus estimation

3. Calcium estimation

4. Renal clearance tests

5. SGOT estimation

6. SGPT estimation

7. ALP estimation

8. ACP estimation

9. Total cholesterol estimation

10. Triglyceride estimation

11. Estimation of HDL and calculation of VLDL and LDL

12. Urinary protein and creatinine estimation ( 24 hr)

13. Estimation of serum amylase

Batch 2017 only



PROFESSIONAL TRAINING (809401)

OBJECTIVE

The objective of providing professional training is to:

1. Create confidence in the students to work in world of work by developing practical skills

pertaining to laboratory management and diagnostic skills in the field of clinical haematology,

transfusion medicine blood banking, clinical biochemistry, clinical microbiology,

histopathology and cytology and ensuring laboratory safety and quality assurance.

2. Create necessary awareness regarding use of various types of diagnostic equipment,

particularly sophisticated ones which are used in the field of medical laboratory technology.

3. Develop appreciation regarding size and scale of operations, environment and other related

aspects like value of team work, interpersonal relations and professional ethics in the field of

medical laboratory technology.

4. Develop necessary traits for starting small clinical laboratories as per requirements.

SELECTION OF TRAINING PLACES

The institute offering diploma programme in Medical Laboratory Technology should establish

contact/rapport by personal visit to following types of organizations:

1. Medical Colleges/Research institutions

2. Civil Hospitals at District Headquarters having well equipped laboratory

3. Hospitals in private sector

4. Well established clinical laboratories being run by a qualified person

LIST OF PRACTICALS

List of exercises is suggested below which should be carried out during 4th

semester.

1. Preparation of various anticoagulants/containers

2. Collection of various clinical samples

3. Haemoglobin estimation

4. TLC, DLC, ESR, PCV, BT & CT

5. Absolute Eosinophil Count

6. APTT/PTTK

7. Prothrombin time & calculation of INR

8. Blood Sugar – Random/Fasting/PP

9. GTT/ST

10. Urine – Complete examination

11. Stool – Complete examination

12. RA/RF factor

13. ABO and Rh blood grouping

14. Widal test

15. VDRL test

16. Cleaning of glassware

17. Disposal of Medical wastes (use of bags)

18. Staining of blood film

19. H&E staining

20. Spotting

21. Reticulocyte count

22. Platelet count

23. Peripheral blood film examination

Batch 2017 only



24. Sputum examination for AFB

25. Serum calcium

26. CSF examination

27. Lipid profile

28. Liver function test

29. Renal function test

30. Stool for occult blood

31. Urine for culture and sensitivity

32. Blood for culture and sensitivity

33. Semen culture

34. Pus culture and sensitivity

35. Staining of smears by various staining procedures

36. Biochemical testing

37. HIV Test

38. HbsAg test

39. ASO

40. CRP

41. Pregnancy test

42. Spotting

In addition to the above, students are expected to learn various tests being conducted at the

training centre, where ever they are undergoing training.

EVALUATION OF STUDENTS FOR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

Professional training will have 1000 marks. Out of which 500 marks will be awarded by

the organization where placed for practical/professional training and 500 marks are for (Board)

external examination. The criteria for internal assessment will be as under:

a) Criteria for internal assessment by Weightage organization where placed (%) for

practical/professional training

Specific criteria Marks

1. Attendance/Punctuality 10

2. Proficiency in conducting laboratory test 30

3. Preparation of portfolio based on day to day work done in various laboratories 20

4. Initiative/responsibility exhibited 10

5. Interpersonal relations 10

6. Behaviour/attitude 10

7. Maintenance of equipment and work place 10

GENERAL GUIDELINES

(i) The students should to prepare practical record book as per given list of the experiments.

Besides, they can also add other experiments as well.

(ii) External examiner along with internal faculty should evaluate the student’s performance

through viva voice/spotting/performance and synopsis.