bayer internee

8/11/2019 Bayer Internee

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INTERNSHIP REPORT MUHAMMUD SALMAN ALI SIDDIQUI

Aug 1stto 31stoctober 2013

Bayer crop science, korangi, karachi site

Submitted tohonorable sir khalid latif

plant/site manager (bcs korangi site)

1Interns!" Re"ort- S#$%#n A$! & Internee & At b#'er cro" sc!ence( )or#ng! s!te & #ug 1st 2013to oct 30t2013


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Table of ContentsIntro*uct!on o+ E$ectr!c#$ Net,or) .............................................................................. /

INPUT ELETRI SOURES TO AA RID STATION .................................................. /

DETAIL O EEDERS .................................................................................................... /

re#)u" #n* Ass!gn%ent o+ Subst#t!ons ................................................................ 4


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E$ectr!c#$ Net,or) D!str!but!on 5!t Res"ect to Subst#t!ons ..................................... 6

7T u!$*!ng E#st #n* 5est ..................................................................................... 6

#tter' #n) +or Secur!t' L!gts 8E%ergenc'9 .................................................... :

LT P#ne$s .............................................................................................................. ;

Ut!$!t' u!$*!ng ........................................................................................................ ;

M< S,!tcge#r bre#)u" ....................................................................................... ;

Ut!$!t' u!$*!ng ...................................................................................................... 11

Ut!$!t' u!$*!ng P#ne$ D!str!but!on ...................................................................... 11

Street L!gt!ng =IOS= ........................................................................................... 12


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D!st#nce M#r)er o#r* 8DM9 L!gts .................................................................... 23

ANIS PAPA S'ste% ................................................................................................. 2?

S!%on oCer ............................................................................................................ 2/

?00H A!rcr#+t Po,er Su""$' S'ste% ...................................................................... 24

?00H APSS #t 7IAP .................................................................................................. 24

ener#t!on>onFers!on ......................................................................................... 26

Outs!*e te onFers!on Roo% .............................................................................. 2:


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I #""rec!#te 'our coo"er#t!on #n* $oo) +or,#r* +or 'our #ss!st#nce!n +uture

M.SALMAN ALI

Internee


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A=NO5LEDEMENT


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I eC"ress %' gr#t!tu*e to %#n' ,o #Fe e$"e* *ur!ng %'

!nterns!" "rogr#%. Inc$u*!ng te onour#b$e "$#nt %#nger %r.

)#$!* $#t!+ ( s#+et' %#n#ger %r no#%#n( "ro*uct!on !nc#rge

%r.so#!$ #%e*( "roect eng!neer %r. su+'#n %' $o,er st#J

#n* e$ectr!c!#ns I #""rec!#te te eJort #n* coo"er#t!on o+ #$$ o+

te%


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safety clamps :

A tot#$ o+ 30 e#rt!ng c$#%"s ,ere or*ere* ( 20 #Fe to been !nst#$$e* #t te

s!te ( #%ong 20 ( 1; #s been !nst#$$e* ( 10 s#+et' c$#%"s #re eCtr# +or +uture

nee*s #* "ur"oses.. !t ,!$$ be !n*!c#te ,eter our s'ste% !s s#+e$' e#rte*

or not( !+ !ts green $!gt st#rts b$!n)!ng (!t ,!$$ !n*!c#te t#t our Fesse$ or

structure !s "ro"er$' oter ,!se not.. #$$ o+ te s#+et' c$#%"s use* #t our bcs (

)or#ng! s!te !s %#*e b' NE5SON AKLE( #n #%er!c#n $e#*!ng %#nu+#cturer

#n* #$$ o+ te% #re b#tter' o"er#te*

I!"T #$#CT%IC S&"%C#S T& C'' %I ST'TI&

1. ro% L#n*! 132 =< $!ne.2. ro% M#$!r =DA 132 =< $!ne

TOTAL APAITK O RID STATION 8APPRO9 *++ -'


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APAITK SUPPLIED TO 7T UILDIN 40 M


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4. H-426 ?00


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Tere #re tot#$ o+ 4 Subst#t!ons. O+ ,!c / #re "ro"er subst#t!ons #n* one !s

# =IOS=.

T9 !'#$ %&&:5e ,or)e* !n te TH "#ne$ roo% to %#)e !t $ess %ess!er #n* !nst#$$e* #n* s!+te*

te ,or)so" "#ne$ !n te ,or)so" +ro% te T.H "#ne$ roo% so t#t #$$ te


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eGu!"%ents "resent !n te ,or)so" c#n be contro$$e* +ro% tere c#us!ng

conFen!ence #n* e#s!er #cces.. te ,or) !n T. roo% !s const#nt$' n*er "rocess

7!nn# Ter%!n#$ !s *!F!*e* !nto te E#st #n* 5est 5!ng. 5ere e#st !s te

Intern#t!on#$ s!*e #n* 5est !s te Do%est!c tr#ns!t s!*e.

Subst#t!ons #re #s +o$$o,s


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1 Subst#t!on +or E#st5!ng

Subst#t!on ontro$s "o,er #n* *!str!but!on +orte E#st ,!ng o+ 7!nn# Ter%!n#$

2 Subst#t!on +or 5est5!ng

Subst#t!on ontro$s "o,er #n* *!str!but!on +orte 5est ,!ng o+ 7!nn# Ter%!n#$

3 Subst#t!on +or Ut!$!t'

u!$*!ng

Subst#t!on ontro$s "o,er #n* *!str!but!on o+ te

Ut!$!t' u!$*!ng?


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T'S5 'SSI#:

0orked on the single line diagrams (slds) of the ;hole plant , corrected , recti


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Iop/production bilding

head o>ce

th building

stores

b?s panel

'nd * master sld

I =isited ad=ance engineering associates t;ice in order make our slds as built and successfully

completed that

&ne of our ma@or electrical safety audit point ;as to sho; the stabiliser in sld sho;ing our chiller plant

and I successfully managed that

I prepared the safety interlock list of the ;hole plant along ;ith its operating point mentioned on it as

the task ;as assigned to me on auguust A*stmeeting

Store acti=ity

0orked in the engineering store and preapred the list of in=entory palced there , took the remainaing

list of goods present at khalid khans store and prepared a list of that

ade a uantity sheet for the store telling the antity of each in=entory present at the store

REOMMENDATIONS OR THE STORE

A "ro"er #u*!t o+ our eng!neer!ng store %ust be con*ucte*

!n or*er to %#)e sure te u$t!%#te tr#ns"#renc'( I ,!$$ recoo%en* # store )ee"er tere res"ons!b$e og+ #$$ te

#J#!rs tere...

c#b$e sce*u$e

se#rce*( *o,n$o#*e* #n* %#*e te +or%#t o+ te c#b$e sce*u$e ,!c !s one o+ our s#+et' #u*!t "o!nts #n* got #n

#""roF#$ +ro% %r.su+'#n

te ,or) +or c#b$e sce*u$e !s current$' un*er ,#' ( te c#b$e sce*u$e +or B$$!ng !s co%"$ete* #n* te c#b$e

sce*u$e +or +or%u$#t!on !s current$' !n "rogress.. t!s ,or) ,#s #ss!gne* to %e on 13 toctober #s I ,#s const#nt$'

en#ge* !n store be+ore t#t

c#b$e t#gg!ng #n* #%r)!ng ,!$$ be *one once !ts gets co%"$ete*

EARTHIN PITS

su"erF!se* te ,or) on e#rt!ng "!ts !n or*er to ensure "ro"er groun*!ng o+ our eGu!"%ents

# tot#$ o+ 3 "!ts ,ere *!gge* #n* co%%!ss!one*

# ,!re o+ 60 +eet $ong ,#s "$#ce* !n e#c "!t ensur!ng %#C!%!u% con*ct!F!t' o+ current

*!sc#rg!ng st#t!ons

su"erF!se* #n* ,or)e* on te "roect o+ te 4 *!sc#rg!ng st#t!ons ,!c ,!$$ e$" s !n *!sc#rg!ng te st#t!c c#rge

on our bo*!es(

one #t B$$!ng #re#


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one #t erb!c!*e

one e#c #t ,>" #re# 12

one #t"#c)!ng #$$

one #t +or%u$#t!on

tere #re tot#$ 4 *!sc#rg!ng st#t!ons #t our s!te( out o+ 4 (/ #s been %#*e #$!Fe ( one ot te +or%u$#t!on !s 'et to

"#$ce* bec#se o+ te s#t!n$ess stee$ oor ,or) !s go!ng on tere

surge #rrestors


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!n te c#se o+ $!gt!ng str!)es #t or s!te(!n or*er to groun* te c#rge( ,e ,or)e* on te co%"$et!on on 10 surge

#rrestors #t our roo+ to"

#$$ o+ te% #re succes+u$$' !nst#$$e* #n* ,or)!ng

e#rt!ng str!"s ,or)

#$ong ,!* or e$ectr!c!#ns ,or)e* !n te !nst#$$#t!on o+ e#rt!ng str!"s #t B$$!ng #re#( "#c)!ng #re#( ,>" #re(

co%"ressor #re#( !n or*er to ensre te "ro"er con*uct!F!t' o+ te groun* currents

reco%%en*#t!ons

%e$t!ng te so$!* +or b#tc "ro*uct!on #t our s!te !s # Fer' cu%berso%e #n* t!%e consu%!ng "eno%enoun ( #n* !t

#$,#'s reGu!res #eF' %#!nt#!#n#nce( !n or*er to #Fo!* t!s( I ,!$$ sugest # !n*ucr!Fe *ru% e#ters o+ ter%o s#+e..

te' #re eC r#te*( %#!nt#n!n#nce +ree #n* $esser t!%e consu%%!ng

te *ru% cutt!ng #re# #t or s!te !s Fer' *#ngerous #n* #n' t!%e c#n c#use #n !nur' ( ,e nee* to rect!+' !t

!n or*er to #$$ )!n* o+ e$ectr!c#$ s"#r)!ng !n our eC r#te* one !n B$$!ng #re# ( ,e c#n use +esto "neu%#t!c %otors #n*

conFe'ors ( !nste#* o+ te conFent!on#$ e$ectr!c %otors !nst#$$e* tere.. te use o+ "neu%#t!c eGu!"%ent ,!$$ tot#$$'

s!*e$!ne te !ssue o+ eC #re#G

+or te "o,*er B$$!ng #re# ( one ,!$$ recoo%%en* *e*!c#te* "oc s#e$!ng %#c!nes o+ better Gu#$!t' r#ter te one

current$' !n use #s tere ru$ers #n* ge#rs get #%%e* *ue to te +#ct t#t "o,*er usu#$'' get st!c) !n bet,een

ge#rs #n* ru$ers c#uus!ng # $#t !n %#c!ne o"er#t!on#$

#$$ o+ our e$ectr!c#$ "#ne$s sou$* be, sect!on#$!se* #n* se"#r#te us

Chitted and named the each and e=ery bo8 that ;hich in=entory or euipment is present in ehich bo8

- each (B9DA+, B9DAE) are fed into the 2TC Building3 &ne feeder is used for the #ast side (B9DAE)

and one is used for the ;est side (B9DA+)3 'lthough there is a=ailability of a bus coupler in case the

east and ;est sections need to be coupled in case of a po;er failure on one of the feeders3

#"#c!t' 3/0M


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Te "#ne$s #re %#nu+#cture* b' AE 8no, )no,n #s AreF#9. An* te

Tr#ns+or%ers #re %#nu+#cture* b' S!e%ens 8c#"#c!t' !s :00=


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"resent !n se"#r#te c#%bers on te res"ect!Fe en*s o+ te bu!$*!ng. A s%#$$

setu" o+ PI 8Po,er #ctor I%"roFe%ent9 EGu!"%ent !s "resent ,!t e#c

tr#ns+or%er on te LT s!*e.

4 Tr#ns+or%ers #re +urter *!str!bute* #s *!scusse* $#ter on. Te c!rcu!t

bre#)ers use* !n tese #re As 8A!r !rcu!t re#)ers9( te!r c#"#c!t' !s

#roun* 1200A e#c.

Te bu!$*!ng #$so osts # st#n*b' gener#tor s'ste% on te LT s!*e. Te e#st

#n* ,est s!*e bot #Fe t,o gener#tors e#c( ,!t # c#"#c!t' o+ 12/0=


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A$$ te s,!tc!ng !n te "#ne$s #n* te s,!tcge#r !s %otor!e*( #n* !s

*one on # 40< D Fo$t#ge "ro*uce* b' # N!c)e$-#*%!u% b#tter' b#n)

!nst#$$e* !n te +#c!$!t'. Te b#tter!es #re %#nu+#cture* b' A$c#*e. 5!t #

r#t!ng o+ 1.?< "er ce$$( tere #re tot#$ ?? ce$$s runn!ng #t one t!%e(

,ere#s 4 ce$$s #re s"#re>b#c)u". Te b#tter!es #re c#rge* us!ng #n A-

D rect!Ber c!rcu!t( !nst#$$e* ,!t te b#tter' b#n).

A$$ "#ne$ o"er#t!ons #re %otor!e* b' 40< D %otors( but tere !s te

#b!$!t' o+ %#nu#$ oFerr!*e !n c#se o+ #n e%ergenc'.


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Power source for control system:

Te 40< +or t!s o"er#t!on !s "ro*uce* b' # b#tter' b#n). 5ere tere #re /0

ce$$s( e#c c#"#b$e o+ "ro*uc!ng 1.?


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Tere #re # tot#$ o+ 1:0 %#!n #n* sub-*!str!butors #t 7T. M#or!t' o+ te

E%ergenc' #n* out*oor t'"e eGu!"%ent !s %#nu+#cture* b' e$!n. An* te

EC"$os!on "roo+ eGu!"%ent !s conce#$e* !n # Legr#n* Hous!ng.

Te BCe* *!str!butors #re +e* b' L< s,!tcge#r ,!c !s $oc#te* !n

Subst#t!ons E#st( 5est #n* S#te$$!tes E#st #n* 5est.


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"tility Building:

Te Ut!$!t' u!$*!ng +or te 7T o%"$eC ouses te A!r on*!t!on!ng s'ste%(

#s ,e$$ s,!tcge#r +or o"er#t!ng te #!r con*!t!on!ng s'ste% #n* +or te

outgo!ng $!nes to te ,#ter,or)s #n* street $!gt!ng subst#t!ons.

Te bu!$*!ng t#)es !n"ut +ro% t,o +ee*ers 8H-421( H-4229 +ro% te =ES

r!* st#t!on. 5!c #re +e* !nto te res"ect!Fe s!*es o+ te s,!tcge#r. H#$+

te s,!tcge#r !s on one +ee*er #n* te oter #$+ on te oter.. T!s

s,!tcge#r !s #F!ng # +#c!$!t' o+ # bus cou"$er( !n c#se o+ # "o,er +#!$ure !n

one o+ te +ee*ers( te bus c#n be cou"$e* #n* one +ee*er %#' be#r te

,o$e $o#*.

- S;itchgear breakup:

Tot#$ P#ne$s 14

81/ P#ne$s or!g!n#$$' !nst#$$e* #n* one "#ne$ !nst#$$e* !n 2010 +or Po,er

#ctor correct!on9

Te "#ne$ +or "o,er +#ctor correct!on on HT s!*e !s %#nu+#cture* b'

S!e%ens. Te "o,er +#ctor correct!on #""#r#tus !s %ost$' use* on te LT

s!*e( but ere !n t!s setu" !ts use* on te HT s!*e. 5!t !ts c#"#c!tor b#n)

!nst#$$e* #$ongs!*e !t.

Te In"ut !s t#)en +ro% bot te !n"ut "#ne$s +ro% te +ee*ers.

Tere !s # bus sect!on#$!er "#ne$ ,!c connects bot te +ee*er buses !n

c#se o+ nee*. It !s %ost$' )e"t o"en 8bot te buses #re )e"t se"#r#te #s

bot #re energ!e* b' t,o *!Jerent +ee*ers !n nor%#$ con*!t!ons9.


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#uipment o3 &f !anelsChiller !lants ? 8one +or e#c c!$$er9Incoming from feeders (grid station) 2 8one +or e#c +ee*er9Bus sectionaliFer 1Transformer !anel (++5-') 3 8one +or e#c T>9&utgoing for 0ater;orks Substation 1&utgoing for Streetlights 5I&S5 1!o;er 1actor Correction #uipment 1


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!*A To %otor H1!*E To %otor H3!*. S"#re +or %otor!*7 S"#re +or T>!*D Po,er #ctor orrect!on


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Street $ighting 5I&S5:

Te Street L!gt!ng =IOS= !s # s%#$$ subst#t!on co%"r!s!ng o+ # 2/0=


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o+ te $oc#t!on. I+ one +ee*er !s not o"er#t!on#$( ten te oter c#n

be use* s!nce te run,#' $!gts nee* to be +unct!on#$ #t #$$ t!%es


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b. Tr#ns+or%ers T,o tr#ns+or%ers #re $oc#te* !n te F#u$t st#t!on

tr#ns+or%er roo%. Te tr#ns+or%ers #re %#nu+#cture* b' SIEMENS

#n* #Fe # r#t!ng o+ /00=


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+. #tter' Roo% tere !s # b#tter' roo% co%"r!s!ng o+ b#tter' ce$$s

%#nu+#cture* b' A$c#*e( ,!c "roF!*e D 40< to o"er#te te

s,!tcge#r #n* oter o"er#t!ons. Te' #re c#rge* b' # rect!Ber

c!rcu!t.

0ater;orks Substation:


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LT $'*Insulation $#ss AImpulse -oltage 6/=


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Control System:#9 BuccholF %elay

a Buchholz relay, also called a gas relayor a sudden pressure relay, is a safety device mounted on some oil-filled

powertransformersand reactors, equipped with an external overhead oil reservoir called a conservator. The Buchholz Relay is

used as a protective device sensitive to the effects ofdielectricfailure inside the equipment.

Therelayhas two different detection modes.

Te ucco$ re$#' !s "roF!*e* ,!t t,o cont#cts( n#%e$'

#. A$#r%

b. Tr!""!ng

On # s$o, #ccu%u$#t!on o+ g#s( *ue "er#"s to s$!gt oFer$o#*( g#s "ro*uce* b'

*eco%"os!t!on o+ !nsu$#t!ng #ccu%u$#tes !n te to" o+ te re$#' #n* +orces te o!$

$eFe$ *o,n. A o#t s,!tc!n te re$#' !s use* to !n!t!#te #n #$#r% s!gn#$ t#t #$so

serFes to *etect s$o, o!$ $e#)s.

I+ #n #rc+or%s( g#s #ccu%u$#t!on !s r#"!*( #n* o!$ o,s r#"!*$' !nto teconserF#tor. T!s o, o+ o!$ o"er#tes # s,!tc #tt#ce* to # F#ne $oc#te* !n te

"#t o+ te %oF!ng o!$. T!s s,!tc nor%#$$' ,!$$ o"er#te # c!rcu!t bre#)erto

!so$#te te #""#r#tus be+ore te +#u$t c#uses #**!t!on#$ *#%#ge. uco$ re$#'s

#Fe # test "ort to #$$o, te #ccu%u$#te* g#s to be ,!t*r#,n +or test!ng.

$#%%#b$e g#s +oun* !n te re$#' !n*!c#tes so%e !ntern#$ +#u$t suc #s

oFere#t!ng or #rc!ng( ,ere#s #!r +oun* !n te re$#' %#' on$' !n*!c#te $o, o!$

$eFe$ or # $e#).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactance_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Float_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_archttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_breakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactance_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Float_switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_archttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_breakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcing


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b9 ial Type Thermometer

Te *!#$-t'"e ter%o%eter !s #$so "roF!*e* ,!t t,o co%"onents

#. Te%"er#ture A$#r%

b. Te%"er#ture tr!"

c9 &il Conser=ator:

Tere !s #$so #n o!$ conserF#tor ,!c #s #n O!$ $eFe$ g$#ss s!gt

!n*!c#tor.

*9 Silicagel Breather ($I.A7DA):

Te s!$!c#ge$ bre#ter re%oFes #$$ %o!sture +ro% te #!r. Te

cr'st#$s c#nge co$or +ro% b$ue to "!n). Te cr'st#$s c#n be


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regener#te* +or use b' e#t!ng te% bet,een 120 to 130 +or #

s"ec!Be* "er!o* o+ t!%e.

Types of Circuit Breakers "sed:


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Tere #re 2 *eF!ces %#!n$' use* +or t!s "ur"ose

VCBs (Vacuum Circuit Breakers)

P#ne$ #n* us Sect!on#$!er "#ne$

Transformer &il:

Dow Corning !" Silicone#It "roF!*es # un!Gue co%b!n#t!on o+ *e"en*#b$e s#+et' +e#tures. He#t

st#b$e *!e$ectr!c coo$#nt *oes not #Fe #n' enF!ron%ent#$ ##r*s #s ,e$$.

Speci


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u"Donthly

O"er#te te oJ-c!rcu!t t#" c#nger seFer#$ t!%es

'nnually #9 ec) te %on!tor!ng #n* "rotect!Fe *eF!cesb9 $e#n T> bus!ngs #n* !nsu$#t!ons +ro% *ust etcc9 ec) +or t!gtness o+ eGu!"%ent

7Kearly ECtr#ct o!$ s#%"$e +or test!ng. Re"$#ce o!$ !+ nee*e*6Kearly #9 R#*!#tors ec) #n* c$e#n #n* re"#!r.

b9 OFer#$$ cec)!9 Se*!%ents +or%#t!on !n o!$ or %o!sture *e"os!t


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!!9 ec) o!$ $eFe$s !n #$$ !nstru%ents!!!9 ec) #$$ se#$s +or "oss!b$e $e#)s or *#%#ge or ,e#r

#n* te#r!F9 ec) *r'!ng #gent !n bre#ter

Transformer Components:

19 T#n)

29 Tro$$e'

39 T#n) coFer

?9 O!$ conserF#tor

/9 O!$ $eFe$ !n*!c#tor

49 re#ter

69 Lo, tens!on bus!ng

:9 H!g tens!on bus!ng

;9 N#%e "$#te

109 L!+t!ng $ug

119 EC"$os!on Fent

129 R#*!#tor

139 O!$ *r#!n "$ug


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1?9 Ter%o%eter "oc)et 8D!#$-t'"e Mo*e$- A=M-??4129

1/9 ontro$$!ng #rr#nge%ent o+ t#" c#nger

149 E#rt!ng scre,

169 Doub$e o#t ucco$ re$#'

1:9 Ter%!n#$ coFer boC


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Te tr#ns+or%er ,!n*!ng !s co$* ro$$e* gr#!n or!ente* e$ectr!c#$ stee$

$#%!n#t!on 0.3%% t!c). It #s # s"ec!Bc %#ss o+ 6.4/)g>%3.

Te core !s %#*e on core clamping channels

Te ,!n*!ng !s %#*e u" o+ H!g con*uct!F!t' e$ectro$'t!c o""er.

Te %#ter!#$ use* !n te %#)!ng o+ te tr#ns+or%er !s cec)e* +or #$$

"oss!b$e )!n*s o+ re#ct!ons ,!t te o!$ use*.

Te tr#ns+or%er t#n) coFer !s %#*e +ro% e$ectr!c#$$' ,e$*e* %!$* stee$

seets

Te tr#ns+or%er !s teste* !n #$$ con*!t!ons #n* #sse%b$e* ,!t

co%"$ete )!tt!ng

Te *r'!ng cr'st#$s use* !n te S!$!c#e$ bre#ter #re %#*e b' Kali-

Chemie AG (Hanoer!. Te cr'st#$s #re o+ 3%% to /%% !n s!e.

E#c c$#ss c'$!n*er cont#!ns #roun* 1=g o+ cr'st#$s.


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Security and Complains:

7!nn# Intern#t!on#$ A!r"ort !s eGu!""e* ,!t st#te o+ te #rt s%o)e *etect!on

eGu!"%ent %#nu+#cture* b' Hone'5e$$. 7IAP #$so ouses # BreBgt!ng st#t!on t#t

!s c#"#b$e o+ *e#$!ng ,!t e%ergenc!es o+ $#rge %#gn!tu*e.


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Tere !s # s'ste% c#$$e* te AoM s'ste%. 5!c *e#$s ,!t #$$ te #uto%#t!on o+

#$$ te s'ste%s !n te 7IAP bu!$*!ng !nc$u*!ng s,!tc!ng o+ e$ectr!c#$ eGu!"%ent(

s%o)e #$#r%s( e%ergenc' eGu!"%ent etc.

A$$ co%"$#!ns +ro% te 7T #re +or,#r*e* to AoM ,!c ten +or,#r*s !t to te

re$#te* *e"#rt%ent. In so%e c#ses te co%"$#!nt !s *!rect$' +or,#r*e* to te

concerne* *e"#rt%ent. or eC#%"$e( te E$ectr!c#$ EnGu!r' !s res"ons!b$e +or

#n*$!ng #$$ )!n*s o+ e$ectr!c#$ Guer!es( !nc$u*!ng $!gt!ng( c#b$es( #n* #$$ oter

re$#te* t!ngs.

Cabling:Te c#b$es use* !n 7T #re %#nu+#cture* b' AE( P#)!st#n #b$es #n* P!oneer

#b$es. An* #re $#!* e!ter !n c#b$e tr#'s or un*ergroun* or !n conce#$e* $#'out

!ns!*e te bu!$*!ng. A$$ )!n*s o+ "rec#ut!ons #re t#)en to #Fo!* #n' )!n* o+ %!s#" or

#cc!*ent.


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'irfeild $ighting ('1$) System:Te $!gt!ng s'ste% o+ te A"ron o+ 7!nn# Intern#t!on#$ A!r"ort !s su"erF!se* #n*

contro$$e* b' te AL De"#rt%ent. 7!nn# Intern#t!on#$ A!r"ort #s t,o run,#'s( on

,!c tere #re F#r!ous t'"es o+ $!gt!ng #s ,e$$ #s te ANIS PAPA s'ste% ,!c !s

use* to #!* #!rcr#+t !n "#r)!ng #t te g#tes.

Tere #re *!Jerent t'"es o+ $!gts ,!c #re #s +o$$o,s


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1lood $ights:Te $oo* $!gts #re !nst#$$e* on te #"ron

to e$!%!n#te *#r)ness #t n!gt. It

!$$u%!n#tes te ,o$e #"ron !nc$u*!ng

"#r)!ng #n* g#tes #n* oter +#c!$!t!es.

Te L#%"s use* !n tese $!gts #re Son-T$#%"s. M#nu+#cture* "reF!ous$' b' Torn

,!t # r#t!ng o+ ?005#tts. ut te ne,

!nst#$$#t!ons #re %#nu+#cture* b' P!$$!"s

#n* Osr#% #n* #Fe # r#t!ng o+ 10005#tts.

Ta8i;ay centre lights:Tere #re F#r!ous t#C!,#'s on 7!nn# Intern#t!on#$

A!r"ort( suc #s te Eco8E9( o$+89( Hote$8H9( M!)e8M9(

#n* =!$o8=9 t#C!,#'s. Te $!gts #re !nset !nto te groun*( #n* #re green !n

co$or. Te' e$" te #!rcr#+t st#' on te centre o+ te t#C!,#'.

Ta8i;ay edge lights:Te t#C!,#' e*ge $!gts #re tere to !n*!c#te te e*ges o+ te T#C!,#'( so

t#t te #!rcr#+t *oes not ,#n*er oJ +ro% te t#C!,#' *ur!ng "er!o*s o+

*#r)ness or restr!cte* F!s!b!$!t' con*!t!ons. Tese BCtures #re e$eF#te* #n*

e%!t b$ue$!gt.

'pron edge lights:Te A"ron e*ge $!gts #re tere to !n*!c#te te e*ges o+ te

A"ron #re#( so t#t te #!rcr#+t *oes not ,#n*er oJ +ro% te

#"ron *ur!ng "er!o*s o+ *#r)ness or restr!cte* F!s!b!$!t'

con*!t!ons. Tese BCtures #re e$eF#te* #n* e%!t b$ue$!gt.

%un;ay edge lights:

Run,#' E*ge L!gts #re "$#ce* #t s!*e e*ges o+ te run,#' #n* #re!$$u%!n#te* *ur!ng te eFen!ng ,en !t !s *#r) or ,en F!s!b!$!t' !s "oor.

Te Run,#' E*ge L!gts e$" "!$ots $oc#te te e*ge o+ te run,#'*ur!ng $#n*!ng or t#)eoJ. Te' co%e !n 3 *!Jerent c#tegor!es( Lo,Intens!t' Run,#' L!gts 8LIRL9( Me*!u% Intens!t' Run,#' L!gts 8MIRL9#n* H!g Intens!t' Run,#' L!gts 8HIRL9.

H!g Me*!u% Intens!t' Run,#' L!gts c#n be contro$ to #$ter tebr!gtness o+ te $!gt e%!tte*( co%"#re* to Lo, Intens!t's ,!c usu#$$'on$' #Fe one BCe* sett!ng
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue


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Te' #re %#nu+#cture* b' S!e%ens #n* #Fe # r#t!ng o+ 2005#tts. Te'

e%!t ,!te co$or $!gt. Te' #re "resent #$ong bot s!*es #$ong te $engt

o+ te run,#'. Te!r br!$$!#nc' 8!ntens!t' o+ !$$u%!n#t!on9 c#n be F#r!e* +ro%

te R Roo%.

%un;ay centre lights:Te run,#' centre $!gts #re ,!te co$ore* b!-*!rect!on#$ $!gts t#t #re

use* to !n*!c#te te centre o+ te run,#'. Te' #re %#nu+#cture* b'

S!e%ens #n* #Fe # r#t!ng o+ 2005#tts.


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%un;ay threshold lights:Tere #re # set o+ green co$ore* $!gts t#t %#r) te treso$* o+ te

run,#'. Te' #re %#nu+#cture* b' S!e%ens #n* #Fe # 2005#tt r#t!ng.

%un;ay approach lights:

A $!gt!ng s'ste% !nst#$$e* on te #""ro#c en* o+ #n #!r"ort run,#' #n*cons!sts o+ # ser!es o+ $!gt b#rs( strobe $!gts( or # co%b!n#t!on o+ te t,o

t#t eCten*s out,#r* +ro% te run,#' en*. Te' #re %#nu+#cture* b'

S!e%ens #n* #Fe # 2005#tt r#t!ng.

%un;ay #nd $ights:# "#!r o+ +our $!gts on e#c s!*e o+ te run,#' on "rec!s!on !nstru%ent

run,#'s( tese $!gts eCten* #$ong te +u$$ ,!*t o+ te run,#'. Tese

$!gts so, green ,en F!e,e* b' #""ro#c!ng #!rcr#+t #n* re* ,en seen

+ro% te run,#'.

!'!I lights:PAPI st#n*s +or Prec!s!on A""ro#c P#t In*!c#tor.

Te Prec!s!on A""ro#c P#t In*!c#tor 8PAPI9 !s # $!gt #rr#'

"os!t!one* bes!*e te run,#'. It nor%#$$' cons!sts o+ +our

eGu!-s"#ce* $!gt un!ts co$or co*e* to "roF!*e # F!su#$

!n*!c#t!on o+ #n #!rcr#+ts "os!t!on re$#t!Fe to te

*es!gn#te* s$o"e+or te run,#'. Te' #re usu#$$' "$#ce* on

te $e+t s!*e o+ te run,#' but c#n be "$#ce* on te r!gt s!*e o+ te

run,#' !+ nee*e*.

istance arker Board (B) $ights:Te *!st#nce %#r)ers #!* te "!$ot !n *eter%!n!ng te $engt o+

te run,#' $e+t #e#* o+ te%. Te' #re !nst#$$e* #$ong te

s!*es o+ te run,#' #t eGu#$ !nterF#$s. Te' #re !$$u%!n#te* #t

n!gt-t!%e #n* !n t!%es o+ "oor F!s!b!$!t'.

A$$ tese $!gts #re "o,ere* +ro% tree F#u$t roo%s #t *!Jerent $oc#t!ons.

#.


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o"er#te* +ro% te AT To,er #n* te .O. 8roun* O"er#t!ons9 but te' c#n #$so

be %#nu#$$' turne* on #n* oJ !+ reGu!re*.

Tese $!gts #re !nst#$$e* !n ser!es #rr#nge%ent #n* e#c #n* eFer' $!gt #s #

tr#ns+or%er o+ !ts o,n. Te tr#ns+or%er "roF!*es te necess#r' "otent!#$ to te

$!gt.


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'IS !'!' System:

'Fimuth uidance for oseIn Stand!s one o+ te %ost "o"u$#r +or%s o+ st#n*

gu!*#nce. It cons!sts o+ t,o co$oure* $!gts %ounte* s!*e b' s!*e.


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AGNISis shown on the left, in this example the aircraft is right of the centreline.On the right is a prototypical PAPA, which features no moving parts or electronics.The two systems are not shown to scale, an !"#$ light%ox is many times smaller than a && %ox


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I+ te "!$ot !s on te st#n* centre$!ne te' ,!$$ see t,o green $!gts. I+ te' #re oJ

centre$!ne( one o+ te $!gts ,!$$ #""e#r re* #n* te "!$ot ten steers to,#r*s te

green one. ANIS #$one "roF!*es on$' #!%ut gu!*#nce( !t *oes not !n+or% "!$ots

,en te' sou$* sto". It !s re$#t!Fe$' !%"rec!se but ce#" to !%"$e%ent #n*

re$!#b$e.

Te !aralla8 'ircraft !arking 'id!s +reGuent$' co%b!ne* ,!t #n ANIS s'ste%(

!n+or%!ng !gt cre,s ,en to sto". Te *eF!ce +e#tures no e$ectron!cs or %oF!ng

"#rtsV !t cons!sts s!%"$' o+ # $#rge gre' boC 8usu#$$' ,!t one or %ore s!*es %!ss!ng9

,!t # $#rge rect#ngu$#r s$ot cut !n to te +ront.

Ins!*e te boC( to,#r*s te re#r( !s # ,!te st!c) or uorescent tube( ,!c #""e#rs

to %oFe +ro% one s!*e o+ te s$ot to te oter #s te F!e,er %oFes c$oser( #$toug

!t !s !n +#ct BCe* #n* te eJect !s %ere$' *ue to "ers"ect!Fe. AboFe #n*>or be$o,t!s s$ot ,!$$ be %#r)!ngs !n ,!te or 'e$$o,( !n*!c#t!ng ,ere *!Jerent t'"es o+

"$#ne sou$* sto".


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Simon Bo8er:


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Te S!%on boCer !s # H'*r#u$!c $!+ter t#t !s use* #t te 7!nn# Intern#t!on#$

A!r"ort. Tese %#c!nes #re b#tter' o"er#te* ,!c #re c#rge* b' A

urrent. Te $!+ter #s # 3 st#ge $!+t t#t !s #b$e to re#c e!gts o+ %ore t#n

6/ +eet #boFe te groun*.

Te *eF!ce !s use* on te 7!nn# Intern#t!on#$ #!r"ort %#!n$' !n te Do%est!c

#n* Intern#t!on#$ $ounges( *ue to te !g e!gt o+ te roo+. SerF!ce cre,

uses te %#c!ne to re#c u" to e!gts +or re"#!r o+ $!gt!ng #n* oter

s'ste%s. Te $!+t "$#t+or% o+ te '*r#u$!c $!+ter c#n be t!$te* #t F#r!ous

#ng$es #ccor*!ng to nee*.


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Te $!+ter !s #b$e to be *r!Fen #s # +our ,ee$

Fe!c$e. An* !ts *r!F!ng contro$ !s %ounte* on !ts

$!+t "$#t+or%. It #s t,o contro$ "#ne$s( one on te

$!+t "$#t+or% ,!c !s +or *r!F!ng #n* $!+t contro$(

#n* te oter on te s!*e o+ te %#c!ne ,!c

!s +or $!+t o"er#t!ons on$'.


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Te "o,er to te $!+t "$#t+or% !s *e$!Fere* b' te e$" o+ eC!b$e c#b$e tr#'s

t#t run te $engt o+ te #r% o+ te $!+ter.

.++9L 'ircraft !o;er Supply System:

Tere #re seFer#$ *!Jerent "o,er sources on #!rcr#+t to "o,er te #!rcr#+te$ectr!c#$ s'ste%s. Tese "o,er sources !nc$u*e eng!ne *r!Fen Agener#tors( #uC!$!#r' "o,er un!ts 8APUs9( eCtern#$ "o,er #n* r#% #!rturb!nes.

Te "r!%#r' +unct!on o+ #n #!rcr#+t e$ectr!c#$ s'ste% !s to gener#te( regu$#te#n* *!str!bute e$ectr!c#$ "o,er trougout te #!rcr#+t.

Te #!rcr#+t e$ectr!c#$ "o,er s'ste% !s use* to o"er#te

8#9 A!rcr#+t !gt !nstru%ents

8b9 Essent!#$ s'ste%s suc #s #nt!-!c!ng etc ,!c te #!rcr#+t nee*s to be#b$e to cont!nue s#+e o"er#t!on

8c9 P#ssenger serF!ces "o,er t#t !s te "o,er t#t !s use* +or c#b!n $!gt!ng(o"er#t!on o+ entert#!n%ent s'ste%s #n* "re"#r#t!on o+ +oo*

A!rcr#+t e$ectr!c#$ co%"onents o"er#te on %#n' *!Jerent Fo$t#ges bot A#n* D. Ho,eFer( %ost o+ te #!rcr#+t s'ste%s use 11/ Fo$ts 8


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"ur"oses. D "o,er !s gener#$$' "roF!*e* b' @se$+-eCc!t!ng gener#torscont#!n!ng e$ectro%#gnet!cs( ,ere te "o,er !s gener#te* b' # co%%ut#tor,!c regu$#tes te out"ut Fo$t#ge o+ 2: Fo$ts D. A "o,er( nor%#$$' #t #"#se Fo$t#ge o+ 11/


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trust #n* +ue$ burn 8#n* tus te #!rcr#+t r#nge #n* eng!ne orse"o,er "er"oun*9( 11/ Fo$ts #t ?00 H oJers # *!st!nct #*F#nt#ge #n* !s %uc bettert#n te usu#$ 40 H use* !n ut!$!t' "o,er gener#t!on.

.++9F '!SS at 2I'!:

7!nn# Intern#t!on#$ A!r"ort !s te $#rgest A!r"ort !n P#)!st#n. It serFes # F#r!et' o+

c#rr!ers. 5en #n #!rcr#+t *oc)s on to te #!r"ort g#te or "#r)!ng or #n' oter #re#(

!t nee*s # "o,er su""$' to )ee" !ts s'ste%s runn!ng.

7IAP #s # tot#$ o+ 12 #tes. E#c g#te #s # ?00H "o,er su""$' +#c!$!t'. 7IAP #$so

#s %oF#b$e groun* "o,er un!ts ,!c c#n be use* to *e$!Fer "o,er re%ote$' !+ te

#!rcr#+t !s not "#r)e* #t te g#te or te g#te "o,er su""$' !s un#F#!$#b$e.

eneration/Con=ersion:

Te ?00H conFers!on t#)es "$#ce #t te APSS roo% !n te 7IAP u!$*!ng. It gets !ts

"o,er +ro% te %#!n bu!$*!ng but te !nco%!ng "o,er !s /0H A #t ?00


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&utside the Con=ersion %oom:

Tere !s #n APS BCe* to eFer' g#te ,!c #s # c#b$e #tt#c%ent ,!t !t. So%e

g#tes #re eGu!""e* ,!t *oub$e c#b$es t#t #re reGu!re* b' $#rge #!rcr#+t suc #s

te oe!ng 6?6 etc.

Due to s#+et' r!s)s( te "o,er !s not !%%e*!#te$' st#rte* on$' ,!t te "ress o+ te

on s,!tc. Te #!rcr#+t !tse$+ "roF!*es # s%#$$ #%ount o+ "otent!#$ to te ?00Hs'ste% ,!c #cts #s # tr!gger #n* tus te ?00H su""$' !s "roF!*e* to te #!rcr#+t.

In %ost #!rcr#+t te ?00H c#b$e !s #tt#ce* ne#r te +ront ,ee$ o+ te #!rcr#+t.

In c#se o+ #bsence o+ te ?00H su""$' on te g#tes( tere !s #F#!$#b!$!t' o+ groun*

"o,er un!ts. Tose "roF!*e te "o,er to te #!rcr#+t. Te' nee* to be connecte* to


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A %#!ns ,!c #re conFen!ent$' $oc#te* #t e#c o+ te g#tes #n* #t oter nee*e*

"$#ces.

bayer internee

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