berlin 6 open access conference: wolfram horstmann

Wolfram Horstmann

Open Access and Technology

Poor Cousins or Paragons in Scholarship?

Berlin613-Nov-2008

Berlin6 in Düsseldorf13-Nov-2008

Open Access and TechnologyPoor Cousins or Paragons in Scholarship?

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DRIVER

• DRIVER sets out to progress a transnational organisation for publication repositories– Policy arm: Confederation of repositories– Technology arm: technical infrastructure



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OA communication

ICT

Scholar

Policy



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Observations in DRIVER

• Policy makers tend to see OA as end in itself– ICT as the general problem solver– Scholars should adhere to a policy

• ICT tend to see OA as a research issue– policy and scholarship often just trouble makers

• Scholars see OA and ICT similar– Both are means to an end– No matter whether policy or ICT cause problems



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Overview

• Objective– Bring policy and ICT closer together

• Sections of the presentation– eScholarship– OA in eScholarship– Paragons & Poor Cousins– Summary & Conclusion

eScholarship



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Today‘s practice: a flavourscholarly communication is increasingly

powered by networked computers

http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomasclaveirole/454394799/



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Internet

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dannyman/323698320/



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eMail

http://www.flickr.com/photos/factoryjoe/1866330344/



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WWW

http://www.flickr.com/photos/charlton_b/13872081/



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WWW

http://www.flickr.com/photos/maxbraun/58054501/



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Electronic Articles



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eJournals

http://www.brains-minds-media.org/



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Search

http://www.base-search.net/



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HPC

http://www.flickr.com/photos/katandjim/478771398/



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Grid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:VirtOrg.png

http://www.adarshpatil.com/newsite/images/grid-computing.gif



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VLE

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ush/528132102/



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Wikipedia

http://www.scholarpedia.org/



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Blogs

http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/



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Bookmarking

http://del.icio.us/



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Novel Publishing

http://www.scivee.tv/



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Socializing

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tychay/1752934204/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/inertiacreeps/667753845/

http://www.facebook.com/



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Citation

http://www.connotea.org/



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Citation

http://www.zotero.org/



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Databases

http://www.neuron.yale.edu/course/modeldb.html



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Mining and eScience

Seite 22

ChemoCR GUI

Input:Bitmaps

Output:Molecules

Fraunhofer SCAI



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eScholarship



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eScholarship

• Each discipline is different• An eclectic selection of services for

everyday work – it works punctual• Not a polictical programme• Not a technical infrastructure• Scholars, ICT and policy have

different expectations

OA in eScholarship



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OA Vision for eScholarshipResearch life cycleResearch life cycle

from Leo Waaijers(SURF)

Research life cycleResearch life cycle



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Scholarly Workbench

• Examples: Desktop services– Save manuscript on local repository from Office Apps.– Give graded access rights to colleagues– …

• Implemented for OA– Repository upload forms– Intranet (Active Directory…)– Specialized examples (e.g. eSciDoc, crystallography)

• Missing for OA– Integration in Office Environments

• Office Sword (?), GoogleDocs etc– Int‘l rights management



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Quality Control Systems

• Example: Peer Review Systems– [Commercial], PKP OJS, DiPP, …

• Implemented for OA– BMC, PLoS, NAR, ACP, NJP … DOAJ– „Ransoms“ (OpenChoice etc.)

• Missing for OA– Integration of IRs – Affordable ransoms / Payment Mechanisms– Global coverage in journals



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(Perennial) Access

• Example– Global publications and data a click away– Directly accessible and reusable

• Implemented for OA– Google (includes Google Scholar) etc.– OAISTER, BASE etc.

• Missing for OA– Globally integrated resource - DRIVER

– Reliable search & retrieval - DRIVER

– Reliable and sustainable business model -DRIVER



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Browse and Reuse• Examples

– Thematic access in global corpus beyond search– Alerting, recommendation & mashup services– workable rights policies („search for OA“)

• Implemented for OA– As dive-in (queries) or drill-down in search engines– CC, License to publish, DPPL, Publisher‘s policies

• Missing for OA– Generic automatic tagging and classification– Harmonized rights– Professional advanced services – OAI-ORE (?)



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Citation and Usage Systems

• Function– Evaluate your impact – (WebOfScience style)– Personal publication lists

• Implemented for OA– CiteBase, GoogleScholar etc.

• Missing for OA– Global coverage– WebOfScience-style usage analysis – Article level usage data (PIRUS)



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Main hurdles

• Problems can be boiled down to – Global penetration

• Content coverage• Harmonized rights

– Technological maturity• Metadata, aggregation and tagging• Integration in everyday work• Distributed service business

Poor Cousins & Paragons



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ICT/OA Hype Cycle: Snapshots

IR systems

OA eJournalsDepositprocess

Citation Analysis

Usage Statistics

Auto-Tagging

exemplification penetration production

Web gimmicks

Primary Data



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Policy/OA Hype Cycle: Snapshots

OA concept

Mandates

Copyright

exemplification penetration production

Financing



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OA success matrix

ICT Policy

Paragons OA eJournalsIR availability

OA concept

Poor Cousins Professional added value services

Copyright and global IR coordination

Summary and Conclusion



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Scholar‘s summary

• OA as a concept might be known• Link between own behaviour and

global situation unclear – categorical imperative

• OA works as specific ICT services such as journals, punctual added value

• OA does not work as a political programme



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ICT Summary

• OA opens paths for many innovative ICT services

• really hard ICT problems for research– Heterogeneous semantic data objects– Global identifiers– Distributed architectures

• Production status is still a bit away• Patience, time and money needed



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Policy Summary

• OA concept has diffused in schloarly communication

• Really hard policy problems ahead– Global copyright clarification– Global concept of service operations

• 3rd parties involvement?

• A global political OA-Alliance is missing



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Conclusions

• OA and ICT are not ends in themselves• For scholars both are means to an end• For scholars to work OA has to „think“

in atomic services -- not as a policy• Still, atomic services need global

infrastructure• Dilemma

– Scholars not interested in ICT or Policy– But ICT-Policy infrastructure is needed



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Implications: 2 Views on OA

www.davidiad.com/art.php?pid=93&cid=1

• „Scholars first“– Focus to be set on added value services>> 1st order OA programmes

• „ICT first“– Focus to be set on global infrastructure– A joint venture of ICT and policy>> 2nd order OA programmes



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Lesson learnt

www.davidiad.com/art.php?pid=93&cid=1

…when you doICT-policies

Don‘t bother the penguins

berlin 6 open access conference: wolfram horstmann

Education

search http

wikipedia http

www http

citation http

blogs http

grid http

socializing http

internet http