b.i.a. mâcon 2016- english training 2nd session · com (radio) nav (vor receiver sigle anglais com...

B.I.A. Mâcon 2016-

ENGLISH TRAININGENGLISH TRAINING

2nd Session

B.I.A. Mâcon – Bagé-2017

ENGLISH TRAININGENGLISH TRAINING

Alain PLATEL – Aéroclub de Mâcon

Session

OverviewOverview

1. Review of previous vocabulary

2. The empennage

3.The instrument panel

BIA - Alain PLATEL, 2016, Aéroclub de Mâcon

3.The instrument panel

4.The engines

OverviewOverview

vocabulary 5. The propeller

6. The airport

7. The weather

Alain PLATEL, 2016, Aéroclub de Mâcon Charnay 2

7. The weather

8. 2nd English test

International Aeronautical

A B C

F G H

L M N

BIA - Alain PLATEL, 2016, Aéroclub de Mâcon Charnay

Q R S

V W X

Aeronautical Alphhabet

D E

I J

O P


T U

Y Z

International Aeronautical

A ALPHA B BRAVO C CHARLIE

F FOX-TROT G GOLF H HOTEL

L LIMA M MIKE N NOVEMBER


Q QUEBEC R ROMEO S SIERRA

V VICTOR W WHISKY X X-RAY

Aeronautical Alphhabet

CHARLIE D DELTA E ECHO

I INDIA J JULIET

NOVEMBER O OSCAR P PAPA


SIERRA T TANGO U UNIFORM

Y YANKEE Z ZULU

General aircraft


2

aircraft structure1


Aircraft structure


Aircraft structure


FLIGHT CONTROLS

Yaw axis

Pitch axis

Roll axis


FLIGHT CONTROLS

• Pitch axis: the nosemoves up or down

• Roll axis: the wingstilt left or righttilt left or right

• Yaw axis: the nosemoves left or right

Pitch axis


PITCH


The pilot pullspulls the stick :

the aircraft’s nose moves UPUP

PITCH


The pilot pushespushes the stick:

the aircraft’s nose moves downdown

ROLL


ROLL

When the pilot moves the stick on the right right sideside:

the right aileron moves upright aileron moves up.

The right wing lift lift decreasesdecreases


The right wing lift lift decreasesdecreases

ANDAND

the leftleft aileron moves downaileron moves down.

The left wing lift increasesincreases

YAW


On which

the pilot

YAW

Which is the name of the controlcontrol used

by the pilot on the yawyaw axisaxis?

The The rudderrudder


The The rudderrudder

which side (left or right) of the command does

the pilot act in this picture?

On the leftleft rudderrudder pedalpedal

Wing structure of a Wing structure of a


Wing structure of a Wing structure of a metalmetal aircraftaircraft


The The CockpitCockpit


CockpitCockpit


Turn & slip

indicator

Airspeed indicator

Attitude indicator

Altimeter

VOR indicator Compass

InstrumentsInstruments


Vertical speed

indicator

Directional gyro

2nd altimeter

COM/NAV

Transponder

Compass

Intercom



Hourmeter

Vacuum gauge

Engine controls

and gauges

•• Instrument panel:Instrument panel:• Airpseed indicator• Altimeter• Compass• Vertical speed indicator (VSI)• Tachometer• Manifold pressure• Attitude indicator• Directional gyro• Slip indicator / Inclinometer / Turn &

Bank• Fuel gauges: Quantity, pressure• Fuel gauges: Quantity, pressure• Oil gauges: pressure, temperature• Carburator temperature• Vacuum• Ammeter / voltmeter• EGT / CHTEtc…


•• Flight Flight controlscontrols::• Stick / Control wheel• Rudder pedals• Trim• Flaps control

•• MiscelaneousMiscelaneous::• NAV/COM (VHF) Radio• Transponder• Magneto switch


• Magneto switch• Battery switch• Alternator switch• Electrical fuel pump switch• Throttle• MixtureEtc…

• Airspeed indicator:



• Compass:



• Altimeter:



• Vertical speed indicator:



• Tachometer:



• Attitude indicator:



• Directional gyro:



• Fuel gauge:


Fuel quantity

Fuel pressure


• Oil gauges: • EGT / CHT / Carb


Temperature

Pressure


• Vacuum gauge:Carb. T° gauges



COM / NAVCOM / NAV


COM (Radio) NAV (VOR receiver

Sigle Anglais

COM Transceiver

VOR (NAV) Visual Omni Range

CDI Course Deviation Indicator

ILS Instrument Landing System

Glideslope

COM / NAVCOM / NAV

CDI


receiver)

Français

Emetteur-Récepteur VHF

Récepteur VOR

OBS

ILS

Pente d’approche aux instruments

VOR ILSVOR ILS


VOR ILSVOR ILS

GlideslopeGlideslope


LocalizerLocalizer

NavigationNavigation

ILS Instrument Landing System

VOR Visual Omni Range

DME Distance Measuring Equipment

GPS Global Positioning System


NDB Non Directional Beacon

ADI (EADI) Attitude Director Indicator

ADF Automatic Direction Finder

HSI (EHSI) Horizontal Situation Indicator

PFD Primary Flight Display

EMS Engine Monitoring System

NavigationNavigation

Instrument Landing System

Equipment

System


Indicator (Electronic)

Direction Finder

Indicator (Electronic)

Monitoring System

EFISEFIS((ElectronicElectronic Flight Information Flight Information


LowerLower weightweight

but but requirerequire

EFISEFISFlight Information Flight Information SystemSystem))


weightweight, , manymany more more functionsfunctions,,

requirerequire appropriateappropriate trainingtraining!!

The The enginesengines


enginesengines


The The engineengine


engineengine


LycomingLycoming / Continental / Continental

•• BothBoth fromfrom the USA, but Continental the USA, but Continental ChineseChinese group.group.

•• AlmostAlmost 90% of all light 90% of all light aircraftsaircraftseithereither Continental or Continental or LycomingLycomingAlmostAlmost 90% of all light 90% of all light aircraftsaircraftseithereither Continental or Continental or LycomingLycoming

•• VeryVery good good reliabilityreliability

•• TBO of 2,000 or 2,400 TBO of 2,000 or 2,400 hourshours

•• Fuel Fuel consumptionconsumption fromfrom ∼∼20 to >80 Liter/20 to >80 Liter/


/ Continental / Continental enginesengines

the USA, but Continental the USA, but Continental nownow belongsbelongs in part to a in part to a

in the world are in the world are poweredpowered withwithenginesenginesin the world are in the world are poweredpowered withwithenginesengines

20 to >80 Liter/20 to >80 Liter/HourHour


LycomingLycoming / Continental flat / Continental flat

• 4, 6 or 8 cylinders

• Power from ∼90 to >400 hp

• Carburator or fuel injected (Avgas)

• Two spark plugs / cylinder• Two spark plugs / cylinder

• Two magnetos

• Capacity from ∼3200 to 12,000 cc *

• Accessories usually include starter, alternator, vacuum pump,…


/ Continental flat / Continental flat enginesengines


* As the propeller must remain below ∼2800 rpm,

the engine must have a big capacity to allow the

full power at this relatively low rpm. This result in

relatively high fuel consumptions.

IGNITIONIGNITIONMagnetos

generateEach magneto can be selected by the pilot


Aviation spark plug. There are TWOTWO

spark plugs for each cylinder.

For security reasons, most aircraft engines

connected to a set of spark

IGNITIONIGNITIONMagnetos do not need external electricity to

generate high voltage.


engines have two independent magnetos, each

spark plugs to generate ignition.

IGNITION SWITCHIGNITION SWITCHTo avoid any in-flight major engine failure

Independently selected by the pilot

« Right », « Left », or « Both ».

This


This

holding

The 5th « START » position of the switch

IGNITION SWITCHIGNITION SWITCHfailure, each magneto can be

by the pilot with the ignition switch:

This switch is to be tested by the pilot at


This switch is to be tested by the pilot at

holding point prior to every flight.

» position of the switch activates the starter

STARTER & ALTERNATORSTARTER & ALTERNATOR

Most aviation


Modern aviation engines use an

electric starterIn our

The pilot has to

STARTER & ALTERNATORSTARTER & ALTERNATOR

Most aviation engines of light aircrafts use an

alternator to produce electricity


our aircrafts, the alternator is not automatically activated.

The pilot has to turn-on a switch to activate the alternator.

OtherOther enginesengines•• RotaxRotax 912, 912iS, 914, 915, 4 cyl., from 80 to 135 hp

•• SMASMA, SR305, 4 cyl., 230 hp, Jet A or Diesel, France (Aérospatiale) *

•• ThielertThielert 135-CDI and 155-CDI, 4 cyl., 135 or 155 hp

•• JabiruJabiru 2200 (4 cyl., 80 hp) and 3300 (6 cyl., 120 hp),

•• DD--MotorMotor LF26 (4 cyl., 90 hp) and LF39 (6 cyl., 125 hp

•• VIJAVIJA, 4 cyl., 100 to 160 hp, SP98 or Avgas (France)

•• SODEMOSODEMO France (Magny Cours, in development, willhp)

…numerous others…

*: Already approved or submitted for several « CDN » aircrafts


enginesengineshp, SP98 or Avgas (Austria) *

, Jet A or Diesel, France (Aérospatiale) *

hp, Jet A or Diesel (Germany) *

), SP98 or Avgas (Australia)

hp), SP98 or Avgas (Belgium)

will be largely lighter [60 kg] than others with 100

aircrafts (Cessna, Robin CDI…)


TurbopropTurboprop


TurbopropTurboprop engineengine


Jet Jet engineengine


engineengine


EngineEngine mountsmounts


mountsmounts


The The PropellerPropeller


PropellerPropeller


The The PropellerPropeller• Usually from 2 to 4 blades, up to 8

for tubofan (A400M)

• Fixed or adjustable pitch• Ground adjustable pitch is more and

more used, allowing to adjust the


more used, allowing to adjust the pitch to usual local conditions

• Some aircrafts (e.g., aerobatic) use a constant speed constant speed propellerpropeller with a FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Control)

• Wood, metal or composites materials

PropellerPropeller


Airbus A400M

« DUC Hélices » 3-blades

constant speed propeller

The The PropellerPropeller• Fixed or ground-adjustable pitch

are usually used with engines<200 hp

• In-flight adjustable or constant speed propellers are necessarywith engines >250 hp to avoid


speed propellers are necessarywith engines >250 hp to avoidpropeller’s overspeed:

• Low picth = short take-off and good rate of climb

• High pitch = better cruise speed

• All fixed-pitch propellers are a compromise

PropellerPropeller


Airbus A400M turbofan

« DUC Hélices » 3-blades

constant speed propeller

The The AirportAirport


AirportAirport


The The AirportAirportIn France, we have ∼470 airfieldsand airports, i.e., more than in the remaining european countries

• The runway is designated by the first 2-digits of its magneticorientation, e.g., « Runway 17 »


first 2-digits of its magneticorientation, e.g., « Runway 17 » is between 165° and 174°

Runway

Holding point= yellow line across the taxiway

Threshold

AirportAirport


Taxiway Parkingthe taxiway

MâconMâcon--CharnayCharnay

DownwindDownwind =

180° / runway

in use


Base Base legleg =

90° / runway

in use

in use

CharnayCharnay -- LFLMLFLM

RunwayRunway


FinalFinal

MâconMâcon--CharnayCharnay


CharnayCharnay -- LFLMLFLM




AirportAirport: Lyon Bron: Lyon Bron


BIA - Alain PLATEL, 2016, Aéroclub de Mâcon Alain PLATEL, 2016, Aéroclub de Mâcon Charnay 45

BIA - Alain PLATEL, 2016, Aéroclub de Mâcon Alain PLATEL, 2016, Aéroclub de Mâcon Charnay 46



AirportAirport


The The AirportAirportAnglais Français

Approach Approche Control

To land Atterir Transponder

Heading Cap Speed

Clearance Autorisation Gust

Cleared Autorisé Magnetic


Cleared Autorisé Magnetic

Runway (RWY) Piste Strobe

Crew Equipage Taxi

Height Hauteur To taxi

Air Trafic Control (ATC) Contrôle aérien To

Knot (kt) Nœud (=1,852 km/H) To line up

Wind sock Manche à air To

AirportAirportAnglais Français

Control tower Tour de contrôle

Transponder Transpondeur

Speed Vitesse

Gust Rafale (de vent)

Magnetic road Route magnétique


Magnetic road Route magnétique

Strobe, rotating light Feu anticollision, strobe

Taxi light Phare de roulage

To taxi Rouler

To start Mettre en route, démarrer

To line up S’aligner

To hold Attendre

The The AirportAirportAnglais Français

Downwind, Tail wind Vent arrière Noise

Base leg Etape de base Departure

Final Finale Arrival

Customs Douanes Proceed

Pre-flight check Visite pré-vol Read back

Crosswind Vent traversier Heading


Crosswind Vent traversier Heading

Wake turbulence Turbulence de sillage Skid

Windshear Cisaillement de vent Slick

To go around Remise de gaz Slope

Start-up clearance Permission de mettre en route Paved

Circuit pattern Circuit de piste Grass

Emergency Urgence Hold

AirportAirportAnglais Français

Noise abatement Réduction de bruit

Departure Départ

Arrival Arrivée

Proceed to… Poursivre sur…

Read back Collationnement

Heading Orientation (magnétique)


Heading Orientation (magnétique)

Skid Dérapage

Slick, Slippery Glissant

Slope Pente, déclivité

Paved runway Piste en dur

Grass runway Piste en herbe

Hold (to) Maintenir position

B.I.A. Mâcon 2016

ENGLISH TRAINING

Next session: Next session: 0808thth March, 2017March, 2017

B.I.A. Mâcon – Bagé2016-2017

ENGLISH TRAINING

session:

Alain PLATEL – Aéroclub de Mâcon

session: March, 2017March, 2017

b.i.a. mâcon 2016- english training 2nd session · com (radio) nav (vor receiver sigle anglais com...

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