brinkley14 ppt ch01
TRANSCRIPT
Alan Brinkley, Alan Brinkley, American History American History 14/e14/e
Chapter 1: Chapter 1:
The Collision of CulturesThe Collision of Cultures
HighlightsHighlights
America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English
© 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.2
America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus
The Peoples of the Precontact AmericasThe Peoples of the Precontact Americas– The “Clovis” PeopleThe “Clovis” People– Archaeologists and Population DiversityArchaeologists and Population Diversity– The “Archaic” PeriodThe “Archaic” Period
© 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.3
4 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
North American MigrationsNorth American Migrations
America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus
5 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
How the Early North Americans LivedHow the Early North Americans Lived
America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus
The Mayan pyramid The Mayan pyramid of Kukulkanof Kukulkan
(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
6 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus
The Growth of Civilizations: The SouthThe Growth of Civilizations: The South IncasIncas MayasMayas MexicaMexica
Iroquois womenIroquois women (Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)
7 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
America before ColumbusAmerica before Columbus
The Civilizations of the NorthThe Civilizations of the North– Complex and Varied Complex and Varied
CivilizationsCivilizations Hunting, gathering, fishingHunting, gathering, fishing CahokiaCahokia
– Mobile SocietiesMobile Societies
Tribal CulturesTribal Cultures– Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolution
Gender rolesGender roles
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Commerce and NationalismCommerce and Nationalism– A Reawakening of CommerceA Reawakening of Commerce– Centralized Nation-StatesCentralized Nation-States– Prince Henry the NavigatorPrince Henry the Navigator
© 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.8
Marco Polo leaves Marco Polo leaves for the Far East for the Far East
(Bibliothèque Nationale (Bibliothèque Nationale de France)de France)
9 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus
(Library of Congress)(Library of Congress)
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus– Columbus’s First VoyageColumbus’s First Voyage– Religious Motives for Religious Motives for
ExplorationExploration– Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan
© 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.10
European Exploration and Conquest, 1492-1583European Exploration and Conquest, 1492-1583
11 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
The ConquistadoresThe Conquistadores– CortCortéés Conquers the Aztecss Conquers the Aztecs– Brutality and Greed Brutality and Greed
Spanish AmericaSpanish America– Ordinances of DiscoveryOrdinances of Discovery– Catholic MissionsCatholic Missions
© 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.12
Spanish AmericaSpanish America
13 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Pueblo Ruins in New MexicoPueblo Ruins in New Mexico (CORBIS/Royalty-Free)(CORBIS/Royalty-Free)
14 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Northern OutpostsNorthern Outposts– St. Augustine (1565)St. Augustine (1565)– Santa Fe (1609)Santa Fe (1609)– Pueblo Revolt of 1680Pueblo Revolt of 1680
– Assimilation andAssimilation andaccommodationaccommodation
Mexico, California, and Mexico, California, and Florida, 1600 Florida, 1600
(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
15 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
De Soto in North America De Soto in North America (Rare Books Division, (Rare Books Division,
Library of Congress)Library of Congress)
16 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
17 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
The Empire at High TideThe Empire at High Tide– Spain’s Vast EmpireSpain’s Vast Empire– Rigid Royal ControlRigid Royal Control– A Collision of CulturesA Collision of Cultures
18 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Biological and Cultural ExchangesBiological and Cultural Exchanges– Increasing Levels of ExchangeIncreasing Levels of Exchange– Demographic CatastropheDemographic Catastrophe– Deliberate Subjugation and ExterminationDeliberate Subjugation and Extermination– New Crops and Agricultural TechniquesNew Crops and Agricultural Techniques– A Complex Racial HierarchyA Complex Racial Hierarchy– Varied Labor SystemsVaried Labor Systems
1633 map of Atlantic 1633 map of Atlantic (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)(Royalty-Free/CORBIS)
19 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
Africa and AmericaAfrica and America– Ghana and MaliGhana and Mali– Benin, Congo and Benin, Congo and
SonghaySonghay– Matrilineal SocietiesMatrilineal Societies– Growth of the African Growth of the African
Slave TradeSlave Trade
Europe and West Africa in the Fifteenth CenturyEurope and West Africa in the Fifteenth Century
20 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Europe Looks WestwardEurope Looks Westward
21 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English
– John CabotJohn Cabot
The Commercial IncentiveThe Commercial Incentive– The Enclosure MovementThe Enclosure Movement– Chartered CompaniesChartered Companies– MercantilismMercantilism– Richard Hakluyt’s Argument for ColoniesRichard Hakluyt’s Argument for Colonies
John CalvinJohn Calvin (Portrait Gallery)(Portrait Gallery)
22 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English
The Religious IncentiveThe Religious Incentive– Doctrine of Doctrine of
PredestinationPredestination– The English The English
ReformationReformation– Puritan SeparatistsPuritan Separatists– Puritan DiscontentPuritan Discontent
23 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English
The English in IrelandThe English in Ireland– Subjugation of IrelandSubjugation of Ireland– The Plantation ModelThe Plantation Model
The French and the Dutch in AmericaThe French and the Dutch in America– Coureurs de BoisCoureurs de Bois– Henry HudsonHenry Hudson– New AmsterdamNew Amsterdam
24 © 2012, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Arrival of the EnglishThe Arrival of the English
The First English SettlementsThe First English Settlements– The Spanish ArmadaThe Spanish Armada– Gilbert’s Expedition to NewfoundlandGilbert’s Expedition to Newfoundland
RoanokeRoanoke– The First Roanoke ColonyThe First Roanoke Colony– New Colonial ChartersNew Colonial Charters