broiler management guide - neobio · contract growers, the intent of this broiler management guide...

PetersonFarms

BroilerManagementGuide

Continuing Our Commitment to Excellence

Contract Growers,

The intent of this Broiler Management Guide is to provide you withaccurate and up to date information to help you produce the best possiblebird. Following these guidelines should help improve your performanceand income. Your success will also help Peterson Farms continue to be asuccessful and competitive company.

At Peterson we feel that what is good for you is also good for thecompany and vice-versa. Therefore, anything that we can do to help yougrow better broilers will not only increase your income but will also help thecompany continue to be successful. We all know that when you are dealingwith a live animal that there is always going to be some variationin results, but your care and hard work contribute greatly to the performanceof the birds. There is simply no equipment that can replace a good, obser-vant, and conscientious grower when it comes to producing high quality,efficient broilers.

Since we are working with a live and variable product, following thesuggestions in this guide cannot guarantee a certain level of performance.If they are followed carefully, along with the grower being present in thehouses several times during the day, the result should be a very stronggrowing performance year in and year out.

If there are parts of this guide that are not completely clear to you pleasecontact your service representative or call the Broiler Department at1-800-752-3211. Working together as a team will help assure that youroperation and Peterson Farms will continue to be successful and profitablefor years to come. Thanks for your hard work.

Dan Henderson

President

Peterson FarmsP.O. Box 248Decatur, AR 72722

BROILER GROWING CYCLETable Of Contents

Pre-placement Check List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chick Placement Check List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chick Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2First Seven Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 -14 Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Preparing for Full House Growout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Steps for Turning Chicks into Full House . . . . . . . . . 33 - 7 Weeks Growout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Preparing for Live Haul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Post Sell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Importance of Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Watering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Feeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Feed Delivery/Pick Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Brooder Stoves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Night Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Curtains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Lighting Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9The Partition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Disease Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Culling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Dead Bird Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11House Clean Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Broiler Straight Run Performance Chart . . . . . . . . . 12

Sample Settlement Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Definitions of Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 & 15

Hot Weather Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Trouble Shooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Broiler House Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Glossary Of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

BROILER HOUSE MANAGEMENT

SETTLEMENT INFORMATION

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION

Pre-PlacementCheck List • Remove any birds left in house.

• Remove all wet or caked litter.

• You should flush the water lines with approved waterdisinfectant 2 to 3 days before the chicks arrive,using high pressure in lines to wash debris andstagnant water from the lines.

24 Hours Before Chicks Arrive• Trench preparation for flood feeding is very impor-

tant! The trench must be easily accessible to babychicks. The depth of the trench should be set up sochicks can easily get into and out of the trench.

• Pre-ventilation — Ammonia is released from thelitter as it heats up, therefore you will need toexhaust the ammonia from the brood chamber. Thiscan be done by running the sidewall exhaust fanswith a timer long enough to lower ammonia levelto 20 ppm or less. When the ammonia level is above20 ppm it will burn eyes slightly and have an obviousodor. If concerned about the level of ammonia, haveit checked by your service person.

Chick PlacementCheck List The following should be in place when chicks arrivefrom the hatchery.

• Floor temperature should be 90o F.

• Set curtain machine and fan thermostat (see theexample in the ventilation section for setting.)

• Water lines flushed and water preheated to housetemperature.

• Sweep water lines with broom 2 to 3 hours beforechicks arrive. (This will put a droplet of water on thenipple and help the chicks find the water.) Ammoniaat 20 ppm or less and fans and timers in place.

• Flood trench with feed ready for baby chicks.

BROILER GROWING CYCLE

1

Trench Preparation

• Put down 5 or 6 feet wide feed paper in trench so thetrench can be wide enough to keep proper depth andreduce feed wastage.

• Flush water lines— Another time with highpressure. This time use clear water, and allow waterto warm to house temperature (90o F.) Seventypercent of the chicks body is water, making it themost important nutrient available! You will need tohigh pressure flush water lines 3 to 4 more timesduring growout.

• Begin pre-brooding— In order to reach the desiredfloor temperature (90o F) before chicks arrive, youshould start heating the brood chamber 24 hoursprior to arrival. Chicks are hatched at approximately98o and their body temperature is 102o to 105o sothey must be placed in a similar environment or theywill chill and not perform to their full potential.

Feed Ready for Baby Chicks

• Center curtain and divider partition in place to keepchicks in the brood chamber.

• Adjust water lines after chicks are dumped so thenipple strikes the baby chick about the middle ofthe back.

ü

Chick Delivery • You will be notified several days in advance of the

day the chicks will be delivered.

• It is very important that the Chick Placement CheckList has been completed.

• The grower should always be present when the babychicks arrive.

• If the chicks are not delivered in good condition, youshould immediately inform your service person.

• Always make sure the proper entrances are providedfor delivery.

• Biosecurity should always be used by the chickdelivery crew.

First Seven Days Daily Checklist for First 7 Days

Check air temperature.

Check ammonia level.

Check water lines for dripping nipples.

Check division curtain for tightnessmaking sure no chicks are behind it.

Look for culls and remove.

Pick up dead birds, record and dispose.

• The first 24 hours are very important! You shouldkeep a close watch on the chicks.

• Daily removal and recording of dead birds is veryimportant during the first seven days.

• On day three a second feeding on the paper may benecessary. To do this start the feed line, closing offthe feed slides as the trench fills up.

• Your feed line breaker and your fill system breakershould be turned off, until the chicks are ready to befed automatically.

• Keep water lines at the chicks’ eye level. Raise thelines on days three and seven.

• Spot feeding may be necessary on day seven if floodpaper has not been destroyed.

ü8 -14 Days Daily Checklist for Days 8 - 14

Check water line height and make sureit is level.

Clean water line and check for leaks.

Check for ammonia, stale air, and draftson the birds.

Check for worn belts on fans.

Clean fan shutters.

Check the litter for dampness and fortoo much dust.


Look for darkling beetle population.

• On day eight you should raise the feed lines to theappropriate level.

• Also on day eight, on the growout end of your houseyou should high pressure flush the water lines withdisinfectant and allow to set 24 to 48 hours. This willhelp to kill bacteria in the lines.

• During cold weather you will need to preheat andpre-ventilate the growout end.

• By day nine chicks will be using the control pan andcan be automatically fed.


2

Notes:

ü8 -14 Days Continued

On day ten or 24 hours before turning chicks to fullhouse, you should do the following steps in the growoutend.

Preparing for Full House Growout1. High pressure flush water lines with clear water

to remove undesirables.

2. Check for excess ammonia(should be 20 ppm or less.)

3. Check for proper temperature.

4. Run feed in the lines to control pan.

Steps for Turning Chicks into Full HouseApproximately Day Eleven

1. You should turn chicks into the full house asearly in the morning as possible.

2. Raise middle curtain.

3. Remove divider partition.

4. Turn on breaker switch for lights and startlighting program.

• About day twelve it will be time again to adjust thewater and feed lines.

• Around day thirteen or fourteen half-house broodingshould be complete and chicks should be evenlyspread in entire house.

3 - 7 Weeks Growout Daily Check List for Weeks 3 - 7

Check water line height and make sureit is level.

Clean water line and check for leaks.

Check for ammonia, stale air, and draftson the birds.

Check for worn belts on fans.

Check the litter for dampness and fortoo much dust.


Look for darkling beetle population.

Make sure birds have enough oxygen.

Look for tears in the curtains.

Suggestions for Management• Temperature — Always maintain correct house

temperature (see the temperature chart.)

• Feed Line — Always keep feed line adjusted to theaverage bird. The top of the feed pan should be evenwith the middle of the average bird’s back.

• Feed Pan — Feed should be approximately 3/4 of aninch deep (to accomplish this, the feed saver shouldbe placed 3/4 of an inch from the bottom of the pan.)

• Water Line — Keep water line adjusted to the eyelevel of the birds during growout.

• Lighting — The hours of darkness may need to beincreased during this time to slow growth and reduceheart attacks (see Lighting Program).

• Ventilation — Continued increasing ventilation willbe required as birds grow bigger, use more oxygen,and litter becomes moist.

• Culling — Due to the rapid growth some birds fallbehind and need to be removed.


3

Preparing for Live Haul • It is very important to remove all crippled, blind,

cross-beaked, and downed birds. Usually these birdsare not average weight and are condemned at theplant.

• Allow the feed pans to empty out 5 hours before thescheduled catch time. If feed is still present in thefeeders 5 hours prior to catch, you should go aheadand raise the feed lines.

• If feed lines are empty, raise them 1 hour prior to thescheduled catch.

• Raise water lines when the catch crew arrives onyour farm.

• All thermostats, stoves, electrical wires and fans notin use should be raised to catch position prior to thearrival of the catch crew.

• Remove all dead birds before the catch crew arrives.

• Open end-of-house doors when catch crew arrives,and assist crew foreman with fans, foggers and lights(for nighttime catch.)

• During hot weather, growers should provide a hosebib at the catch end of the house to wet down birdsand keep them alive.


4

Post Sell • Immediately after flock is sold remove any

dead birds.

• Remove all wet or caked litter.

• Clean fans and fan louvers.

• On belt driven fans, check belts for tightness andreplace worn belts.

• Put out bait for rodents and if insect control isneeded, this is a good time to spray walls and floors.

This is a good time to blow out your brooder stovesif you have them.

Chickens During Live Haul

Crystal Lake Chicken

Watering • Fresh clean water should be available at all times. A

bird will consume 2 to 3 times more water than feed.

Daily Water Consumption TableGallons per 1,000 Birds

Age in Weeks Gallons of Water1st Week 82nd Week 163rd Week 244th Week 325th Week 416th Week 497th Week 578th Week 62

• Your watering system should be kepted clean andsanitized at all times.

• High pressure flush water lines about 4 to 5 timesduring each flock and 1 time before they arrive.

• Always have waterers down and at room temperatureon the first day.

• Always keep waterers adjusted to the appropriateheight for the birds. For nipple drinkers, the nippleshould be about eye level of the average bird(consult your service person for other adjustmentsaccording to your type of watering system.)


5

Importance ofManagement

Management is the single most important influencethat the grower has on producing a profitable, qualityflock of broilers. In this section of the managementguide, many management topics are presented for useas a general guideline. It is important to realize thatmany broiler houses are different, therefore some farmsmay require modified management programs fromthose discussed in this guide. Always consult with yourfield representative if you have any questions aboutwhich management programs are the most appropriatefor your farm.

The importance of management cannot be overstressed! All of the effort that a producer will put intothe pre-placement is important. However, it is also veryimportant to be there when the chicks arrive, so youcan fine tune the water line height, adjust the feed pan,and check the air quality and temperature. Goodmanagement in these areas will help determine andincrease your profits at sell day. During growout theremust also be constant monitoring of the areas listedabove to insure growth and feed conversion with properweight gain. The more time you spend in the broilerhouse the more opportunities you will have to seeimproved profits.


6

Notes:

Feed Delivery/Pick Up • Feed Bin Inventory — The inventory of your feed bin

should be called in on Mondays and Thursdaysbetween 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Locally thenumber is (501) 752-5440 and long distance is1-800-752-9511. An accurate inventory is essentialfor the proper delivery amount. All deliveries (exceptyour first) will be determined by callingin your inventory.

• Feed Pickup — Any feed remaining on the farm afteryour birds are sold, will be picked up by PetersonFarms and credited to your flock feed cost.

(501) 752-5440 • 1-800-752-9511For Local Calls Long Distance Calls

Feeding Goal — Addressing factors that affect feed consumption.

Daily Feed Consumption TableConsumption by 1000 Birds Per Day at 70o Degrees F.

Age Pounds1st Week 41.42nd Week 85.73rd Week 132.84th Week 208.55th Week 277.16th Week 318.57th Week 335.0

• Water Consumption — Good water will alwaysdirectly affect feed consumption and thus improvefeed conversion.

• Ventilation — Cold drafts on the chicks will causechicks to huddle and not consume feed for extendedperiods of time. The only way they will consumefeed when they are cold is if they are extremelyhungry.

• Disease — Chicks with intestinal or respiratoryproblems will not consume desired amounts of feed.

• Mechanical Feeders — Two tips to prevent feedwastage: 1) Keep the mechanical feeders running

properly.2) Keep the feeder height adjusted to an

appropriate height as the broilers grow.

Broiler Feed Formulation

Broiler Broiler BroilerMinerals Starter Grower FinisherProtein 21% 19.5% 18%ME kcal/lb 1440 1470 1500Calcium 0.9% 0.85% 0.8%Total Phos 0.68% 0.62% 0.55%Sodium 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%Arginine 1.35% 1.2% 1.05%Lysine 1.15% 1.05% 0.9%Methionine 0.55% 0.5% 0.4%Meth+Cys 0.89% 0.84% 0.78%Trytophan 0.24% 0.2% 0.17%

Chicks that are to Cold


7

Temperature • Temperature has more to do with the feed conversion

of your flock than any other area controlled by thegrower.

Temperature affects Feed ConversionFrom Three Weeks of Age to Market

Temperature Feed Conversion50 Degrees F 2.255 Degrees F 2.1560 Degrees F 2.165 Degrees F 2.0570 Degrees F 2

• Cold chicks will consume feed to maintain bodytemperature before they convert feed to meat ormuscle. This causes weight gain to be minimal andhurts feed conversion. It is also true that a chickenthat is too hot will not eat. The key is to maintain thetemperature that broilers like best. Watch your birds!If they are pulled to the middle of the house, they areprobably to cold. If they are panting, they are prob-ably to hot. For proper guidelines refer to the tem-perature table.

Chicks that are to Hot

Chicks that are at the Correct Temperature

Temperature for Broilers

Age Temperature1 to 3 Days 90o Degrees4 to 7 Days 85o - 90o Degrees2nd Week 80o - 85o Degrees3rd Week 75o - 80o Degrees4th Week 70o - 75o Degrees

5th to 7th Week 70o Degrees

Brooder Stoves • When half-house brooding, the houses’ air

temperature is significantly more important thanthat measured under the brooder stoves canopy.

• About 30,000 BTU’s should be available per 1000chicks in the brooding end.

• Stoves should be at least three feet above floor levelto provide a larger circle for feeding and wateringequipment. This additional height in stoves is alsocritical to maintain sufficient house temperature.

• Raise stoves to the ceiling when not in use.

Ventilation Goal — The removal of undesirable air and moisturefrom the poultry house.

The following is a list of items that need to be incorpo-rated for good ventilation:

• The Producer — The producer and his or her pres-ence in the broiler house will determine goodventilation.

• Curtain Machine — The curtain machine is yourmost important source of ventilation and should beset at the desired house temperature.

• Exhaust Fans — Exhaust fans are the second mostimportant source of ventilation and should be set at5O F above the target house temperature according tothe age of the chicks.

• Timer — Set the timer on fans to a length of timelong enough to exhaust ammonia and moisture.This will depend on density and age of the birds.

• Stir Fans — Run stir fans to conserve energy andgive a more uniform house temperature.

Example Situation:The desired temperature is 79O F at 21 days of age inFebruary.

1. Set curtain machine thermostat at 79O F.

2. Set exhaust fan at 84O F.

( Which is 5O above the desired house temperature.)

3. Set automatic curtain drop in working position.

If while using this procedure the air becomes stale,continue to Step 4.

4. Set the timer fans to run enough minutes to givegood quality air.


8

Night Ventilation Warning — Do not rely completely on fans and thermo-stats for night ventilation.

• Leave one side curtain partially open from 10 days toslaughter.

Curtain Ventilation

Age Curtain Setting10 Days to 4 Weeks 1 inch down

4 to 5 Weeks 2 inches down5 to 7 Weeks 4 inches down

Curtains • The curtain machine is your most important source of

ventilation (see night ventilation for proper curtainsettings.)

• The curtain machine should always be set at thedesired house temperature (see the TemperatureGuide for appropriate setting.)

• Your material should be winched and maintainedat all times. If possible, leave curtains down whenhouse is empty.

• Curtains must be equipped with one automaticcurtain drop on the south side.

Lighting Programs Goal — Use lights to increase the total pounds persquare foot.

• When the lights are turned off for extended periodsof time it allows the chicks to rest and digest the feedthey have consumed. Continual gorging of feed willnot allow the chicks to absorb all the nutrientsavailable in the feed.

• One hour of darkness before daybreak and one hourafter dusk can be very beneficial. It will allow chicksto bed down and help prevent pile-ups if nighttimelights go out unexpectedly.

• Lighting Programs will continue to change as thesize and age at which birds are sold changes. Com-munication on this and other issues will be helpful tokeep you the producer updated.

• Use all artificial lights during first 24 hours.• Use full lights final week to reduce contamination.

Lights • Use two lines of lights with drops twenty feet apart

on each line.

• Stagger drops on each line.

• Nine-watt florescent bulbs are recommended.

The Partition • The partition is put in place to provide the baby

chicks with 50% of the floor space.

Solid Insulated PartitionsThis is the most recommend kind of partition.

Non-Breathable PartitionThis is also an acceptable kind, provided it is neat andwell kept.

When to Remove the Partition• When crowding birds into a half-house, we initially

interfere with the chicks’ potential. It is imperativethat we offset this crowding with improved manage-ment.

• Chicks should remain in the half house for no morethan 14 days. (Between March 15 and September 15,chicks should only remain in the half-house for 10days.)


9

Correct Partition

Disease Control • Chicks placed on your farm will have been vacci-

nated at the hatchery for specific challenges that mayoccur during growout. These vaccinations will helpprevent disease during growout.

Factors that Help in Disease Control:1. Maintaining proper house temperature.

2. Ensuring proper ventilation.

3. Proper daily culling.

4. Proper house clean out.


10

Culling Goal — To understand how much culling affects feedconversion.

• Culling begins at the day of delivery. The earlier youremove culls the better your feed conversion.

• Immediately after chicks are placed in the house, youshould begin the culling.

• On day two, all chicks that fail to move out of yourway during daily pick up of mortalities should beculled.

• You should cull daily, with 80% of culling doneduring the first 10 days of growout. Continue to culluntil birds are sold.

Notes:

Chicks that Need to be Culled

Here are some examples of birds that should be culled.

• Crippled — With bad legs, birds will not survivelong.

• Blindness — Usually caused by poor ventilation,these birds will not survive.

• Cross Beaks — These birds are unable to eat andwill soon die.

• Sour Crops — These birds have ruptured stomachs.

• Downed Birds — May be diseased or crippled.


11

Dead Bird Disposal Goal — To realize the importance of properlydisposing dead birds.

• Improper dead bird disposal has been responsible forthe spread of numerous diseases.

• Dead birds should be removed from the house daily.

• During periods of excessive mortality, remove birds 5times a day.

• Death loss should also be recorded on a daily basis.

• The dead birds should be disposed of by incinerationor composting.

IncinerationAlthough it is more expensive, it is the best way ofdisposing of dead birds.

• Always be sure that the birds are burned completelyto ashes.

• The incinerator should be located at a reasonabledistance from the chicken house.

• Always be aware of pollution guidelines for your area.• Do not incinerate during the catch of your flock.

CompostingThe only other alternative allowed to dispose of deadbirds. It is the cheaper of the two methods of dead birddisposal.

• In composting you can use your dead birds, houselitter, and water.

• Contact your service person for other details regard-ing composting.

House Clean Out Goal — Removal of all litter, dust, debris, anddisease-causing bacteria.

Steps for House Clean Out:1. Wash down the entire house 24 hours after birds are

caught with Tempo, Insectrin or other approvedinsecticides (see your service person for recommen-dations.) The darkling beetles will be on the walls,ceiling and foundation looking for food, becausethey are hungry and the house has not yet cooleddown. That is why 24 hours after the catch is thebest time to use your insecticide.

2. Remove all litter from the house and spread on fieldsor sell.

3. Wash down curtains, ceiling, end walls, fans, stovesand everything in the house with disinfectant.

4. For darkling beetle control, next use safeside on thepad before applying shavings.

Larva Pupa Adult — Darkling Beetle

5. Place 3 to 4 inches of rice hulls and pine shaving mixin house.

6. Fill rodent station with bait.

7. Occasionally rotate your insecticides and rodentcontrol programs. The insects and rodents will buildup immunities to them over a period of time.

Rodent Damage


12

Settlements The Peterson broiler settlement is a competitive one.In other words, your flock is competing with otherflocks that are grown during the same period. Thefollowing is a list of items that determine the perfor-mance of your flock:

• Feed Conversion • Average Weight• Mortality • Condemnation• Disease

The majority of your settlement is determined by feedconversion.

Broiler Straight Run Performance

00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 14 21 28 35 42 49

Age In Days

Broiler Weight

Wei

ght I

n Po

unds

0.3

0.9

1.55

2.45

3.35

4.35

5.1

13


BRO528 PETERSON BROILER DEPARTMENTDECATUR, ARKANSAS

GROWER JOHN DOEFIELDMAN 1 AE

AVGFOR WEEK THIS FLOCK RANKED 12 OUT OF 24

CALORIE CONVERSION AB 3118 3095FEED CONVERSION AC 47.40 47.67 AKFEED RATIO AD 2.11 2.10 0.2351 MIDDLE COSTPOINT SPREAD AE 3.03 2.83% OF MORTALITY AF 6.14 7.88% CONDEMNED AG 1.09 1.52

**************************************** S A L E S ********************************************DATE AGE AVG PLANT SALE — CONDEMNED — — SOLD — — PRODUCED —

WT PRICE PCT HEAD WEIGHT HEAD WEIGHT HEAD WEIGHT1/10 7-0 5.14 PI 0.3625 1.09 298 2174 38562 197402 38860 199576TOTAL 7-0 5.14 PI 0.3625 1.09 298 2174 38562 197402 38860 199576

AA C D E F A B

****************************************C O S T S********************************************Y Z

UNIT AVG FOR OVER(+)HEAD/WT. AMOUNT WEEK UNDER(-)

FEED G 421,020 I 42,102.00 Q .2110 .2098 .0012 +CHICKS H 41,400 J 4,140.00 R .0207 .0220 .0013 -

SUB-TOTAL 46,242.00 * .2317 .2318 .0001 -SUB-TOTAL K 46,242.00 S * .2317 .2318 .0001 -

CONDEMNATION L 518.90 T .0026 .0036 .0010 -TOTAL COST M 46,760.90 U .2343 .2354 .0011 -

LABOR N 8,054.00 V .0403 .0398 .0006 +GAS ALLOWANCE O 828.00 W .0041 .0044 .0003 -

TOTAL P 55,642.90 X *.2788 .2796 .0007 -

********************************************************************************************

1 - 7 DAYS 765 AH 8 - SALE 966 AH CHICKS PLACEDUNACCOUNTED 809 AI DATE HEAD

TOTAL 2,540 11/21 10,5256.14% 11/21 10,175

11/21 10,92511/21 9,775

AJ TOTAL 11/21 41,400

Cost Per UnitQ = Cost of Feed per Pound ProducedR = Cost of Chicks per Pounds ProducedS = Cost of Feed (I) plus Cost of Chicks (J)

divided by Pound Produced (B)T = Sub-total Cost (K) Divided by the Pounds Sold (F)

Less Sub-total Cost (K) Divided byPounds Produced (B)

U = Total Unit Cost per Pound Produced is the Sum(I + J + L) divided by (B) This is the cost that willbe compared to the Middle Cost per Pound (AK)to determine your Labor Rate. The Labor Ratetimes the Pound Sold (F) will be the Labor Cost (N)paid to you. See (AK) below.

V = Middle Cost (AK) less the Total Unit Cost (U)plus .04 times Pounds Sold (F) divided byPounds Produced (B)

W = Gas Allowance per pound produced.See Other Terms below.

X = Total Cost per Pound Produced14


Definitions of VariablesQuantities

A = Head Produced (Live head picked up at the farm)B = Pounds Produced (Live pounds picked up at the farm)C = Head Condemned at processing plantD = Pounds Condemned at processing plantE = Head Sold is the Head Produced (A) less the

Head Condemned (C)F = Pounds Sold is the Pounds Produced (B) less the

Pounds Condemned (D)(This is the actual pound available to be sold.)

G = Total pounds of Feed UsedH = Total Chicks Placed

CostsI = Cost of Feed Used

(Total Feed Pounds Used (G) x $.10 per Pound)J = Cost of Chicks Placed

(Total Chicks Placed (H) x $.10 per Chick)K = Sum of the Cost of Feed (I) and the Cost of Chicks (J)L = Sub-total cost (K) divided by Pounds Sold (F) Less

the Sub-total Cost (K) divided byPounds Produced (B) x Pounds Produced (B)

M = Total Cost is the sum of the Feed Cost (I) , Chick Cost (J)and Condemnation Cost (L)

N = Middle Cost (AK) less the Total Unit Cost (U)plus .04 x Pounds Sold (F)

O = Gas Allowance paid to the Contract Grower (If applicable)P = Total Cost (M) plus the Labor Cost (N)

plus the Gas Allowance (O)

(I) 42,102 ÷ (B) 199,576 = .2110(J) 4,140 ÷ (B) 199,576 = .0207[(I) 42,102 + (J) 4,140] ÷ (B) 199,576 = .2317

[(K) 46,242 ÷ (F) 197,402] - [(K) 46,242 ÷ (B) 199,576]= .0026

[(I) 42,102 + (J) 4,140 + (L) 518.90] ÷ (B) 199,576 = .2343

[(AK) .2351 - (U) .2343] + .04 x (F) 197,402 ÷ (B) 199,576= .0403

(O) 828 ÷ (B) 199,576 = .0041

(P) 55,642.90 ÷ (B) 199,576 = .2788

Calculation SampleUsing Numbers from Sample Settlement on Page 13

(A) 38,860 - (C) 298 = 38,562

(B) 199,576 - (D) 2,174 = 197,402

421,02041,400

(G) 421,020 x .10 = 42,102

(H) 41,400 x .10 = 4,140

(I) 42,102 + (J) 4,140 = (K) 46,242[(K) 46,242 ÷ (F) 197,402] - [(K) 46,242 ÷

(B) 199,576] x (B) 199,576 = 518.90

(I) 42,102 + (J) 4,140 + (L) 518.90 = 46,760.90

(AK) .2351 - (U) .2343 + .04 x (F) 197,402 = 8,054

828.00(M) 46,760.90 + (N) 8,054 + (O) 828 = 55,642.90

ComparisonsY = All growers totals are averaged for the week and the same calculations made

as in steps (Q) through (X) for the individual grower.Z = Over (+) or Under (—) is your Unit Cost (Q through X) less the average for the week (Y)

If there is a plus (+) by the Over/Under, your cost was greater than the average.If there is a minus (—) , your cost was less than the average.

AK = Middle Cost. This is the “middle” of all growers Total Costs (U) for the Week.In this example there are 24 growers settling. If there is an even number (24)then the two middle costs are averaged. If there is an odd number like 25,then grower 13 is the middle cost ( 12 - 1 - 12 ). Your Total Unit Cost (U)is subtracted from the Middle Cost (AK) to determine if your cost is over (+) or under (—)the middle. This adjustment is applied to the Labor Rate per pound in your contractto determine the final Labor Rate per Pound Sold that you will be paid.

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StatisticsAA = Average Live Weight at the Farm is

Pounds Produced (B) divided by Head Produced (A)AB = Average Calorie Conversion is the sum of

Total Calories per Pound of Feed times thePounds of Feed Delivered divided by theWeight Produced (B)

AC = Feed Conversion is Pounds Produced (B)divided by Feed Pounds (G)

AD = Feed Ratio is the number of pounds of feed tomake a pound of meat. Feed Pounds (G)divided by Pounds Produced (B)

AE = Point Spread is the Average Live Weight (AA)less the Feed Ratio (AD)

AF = % of Mortality is the total of Mortality (AH and AI)divided by the Chicks Placed (H)

AG = % of Condemned is the Pounds Condemned (D)divided by Pounds Produced (B)

AH = Mortality from your records as turned in by servicemen.AI = Unaccounted is the Total Chicks Placed (H)

less Head Produced (A) less Mortality (AH)AJ = Detail Chick Deliveries

Other Terms:Round Trip Miles One Way Miles x 2 = Round Trip Miles

Fuel Allowance Formula Round Trip Miles ÷ 3.04 = Total Gallons of Diesel Fuel Used

Plant Caused Condemned Includes but not limited to Cadavers, Contaminations, Overscald

Farm Caused Condemned Includes but not limited to Tuberculosis, Leukosis, Septicaemia,Toxemia, Synovitis, Bruises, Airsacculitis, and Inflammatory Process

(B) 199,576 ÷ (A) 38,860 = 5.14

(B) 199,576 ÷ (G) 421,020 = .4740

(G) 421,020 ÷ (B) 199,576 = 2.11

(AA) 5.14 - (AD) 2.11 = 3.03

[(AH) 1731 + (AI) 809] ÷ (H) 41,400 = 6.14%

(D) 2174 ÷ (B) 199,576 = 1.09%

(H) 41,400 - (A) 38,860 - (AH) 1,731 = 809

Calculation SampleUsing Numbers from Sample Settlement on Page 13

Hot Weather Tips Air Movement• Air moving over a bird at 400 ft./min. will reduce

effective house temperature by 10O F.

• Running fans at night will improve both bird weightand feed conversion during periods of heat stress.

• Air movement is most effective when house tempera-tures are kept below 95O F.

• It costs ten cents an hour to run a 48" fan and fivecents an hour to run a 36" fan.

• The more a bird pants, the worse its feed conversionwill be.

Maintenance• Bare ground next to a poultry house will be at least

30o hotter than ground covered with grass.

• If the shutters on an exhaust fan do not opencompletely and the shutters are clean and the beltis tight then more inlet is required or the pads requirecleaning.

• In a house where severe migration has occurred, birdweight will be 1/4 lb to 1/3 lb less than average.

• Flush the water lines several times during the hotafternoon hours. The cool water will encouragethe birds to drink and this will lower their bodytemperature.

• Keep fan blades and evaporative cooling systemsclean.

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Evaporative Cooling• Evaporative Cooling systems should not be operated

between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m.

• Fogging systems and evaporative cooling padsshould not be used when the sum of the outsidetemperature and relative humidity is greater than160.

• Water temperature has practically no effect on theamount of cooling produced by either an evaporativecooling pad or misting system. Decreasing thetemperature of the water by 10O F. increases thecooling produced by only 1%.

• Evaporative cooling is most effective if there is goodair movement.

• A 1 gallon per hour nozzle will put out 1 1/2 gallonsper hour at 200 psi.

• The higher the water pressure, the finer the mist andthe greater the cooling produced.

• The relative humidity in a poultry house should notexceed 80%.

• It is a good investment to keep crucial spare parts,(i.e. Fogger pump, plumbing fittings, electricalbreakers, fan motor).

• Change your water filters more often during hotweather. Dirty filters will reduce your water pressureand volume.

• If the static pressure in a house with evaporativecooling pads is over 0.1 inches, the pads requirecleaning.

Trouble Shooting WaterIf water is not running properly:

1. Check the well house to make sure the pumpis working and check water pressure at thepressure tank.

2. Check the water filter inside the poultry housefor stoppage.

3. Check for stoppage in the in-line regulator.Most regulators have a filter inside. Sometimesregulators on nipple drinkers will also stop up.

Fill AugerIf the fill auger isn’t bringing feed into the house:

1. Check for electrical power to the auger motor.

2. Check hopper switches.

3. Check safety switch on the fill auger power head.

4. Check the reset button on the motor.

Space Heaters1. Check for electrical power to the heating unit.

2. Make sure you have gas.

3. Check for pressure to gas tanks in cold weather.

4. Check fuses (if your unit has them).

5. Check flame sensor.

6. Check ignighter.

7. Check reset button.

8. Check control unit.

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FeedersIf the feeders are not running properly:

1. Check for electrical power to the feeder motor.

2. Make sure the breaker switch is on.

3. If there is a feed timer, check the peg settingsfor automatic or manual start.

4. Check the switches in the control pans, locatedon feeder ends.

5. Check the reset button on the end of thefeeder motor.

6. If the feeder seems to be trying to run but unable,check for a rock, bolt, etc. caught in the feedline.

Curtain MachineIf the curtain machine is not running properly:

1. Check thermostat.

2. Take the cover off the machine on the outsideof the building and check the upper and lower limit switches to make sure they are working.

3. Open the control box on the inside of the houseand check the square relay to make sure it isworking. Also check to make sure the roundwheels are turning.


Broiler HouseRequirements

1. Two — 10 Ton bins per 20,000 birds.

2. Two — Line auger feeders with 4 pans per10 ft. section and flood pans.

3. All — Feed lines winched on power winches.

4. 30,000 BTU’s per thousand birds.

5. One — Closed nipple watering system with90 nipples per thousand birds.

6. Two — Curtains, one on each side of the houseeach with a curtain machine and one curtain dropon the south side of the house.

7. One — Half house drop curtain with pull cords.

8. Eight — Fogger nozzles per thousand birdsrated at 2 gallons per hour with booster pumpand solenoid.

9. One — 36" fan per 1,100 birds placed.

10. Two — 9 watt fluorescent U tube light perthousand birds placed.

11. One — Medicator.

12. One — Incinerator or compost shed for deadbird disposal.

13. One — Generator for power failure.

14. One — Light clock.

15. One — Feed clock.

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Notes:


Glossary Of Terms Automatic Curtain Drop: Safety device that isequipped with a thermostat that will drop the curtain incase of power failure or too high house temperature.

Biosecurity: Process used which helps protect poultryhouses against unwanted diseases. Precautions takenrequire all vistors to the poutry house to wear protec-tive foot wear, coveralls and a hair net.

Brood Chamber: The portion of the broiler houseused to brood chicks in the first 10 - 14 days of age.

Calorie Conversion: Amount of energy (calories)neede to convert feed to meat.

Catch Time: Estimated time that the catch crew arrivesto load chicks on live haul trucks.

Center Curtain: Curtain located in the center of thehouse to separate the brood chamber and growout end.

Composting: Method of dead bird disposal using litter,straw, and dead carcasses in covered bins.

Condemn: Whole carcasses or parts discarded byUSDA at the processing plant.

Control Pan: Pan at end of feed line that activatesauger to fill the feed line with feed.

Culling guide lines: Removal of undesirable chicksfrom the house.

Curtain Machine: Machine mounted on the end orside wall of poultry house that raises and lowers thecurtain according to the temperature.

Daily Feed Consumption: Amount of feed thatbroilers will consume in a 24 hour period.

Divider Partition: Removable wood partition usually2' x 8', used to from a barrier between the broodchamber and growout end. It is placed on litter beforethe chicks arrive.

Exhaust: Use of side wall fans, usually on timers orthermostats, to remove undesirable air and moisturefrom the poultry house.

Exhaust Fans: Fans used to exhaust air and water frompoultry house.

Farm Caused Condemned: Any bird that is discardedat the farm, which includes, but is not limited toTuberculosis, Leukosis, Septicaemia, Toxemia, Synovi-tis, Bruises, Airsacculitis, and Inflamitory Process.

Feed Conversion: Amount of meat produced by one

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(1) pound of feed.

Feed Ratio: Amount of feed needed to produce onepound of meat.

Feed Saver: Portion of feed pan that controls the depthof the feed in the pan.

Feed Slides: A small piece of PVC pipe approximately2 inches long that pops over the feed tube to open andclose for flood feeding.

Feed Trench: Trench made in litter to place floodpaper on, trench keeps feed from spreading over thehouse (reducing feed wastage).

Flood Paper: 5 or 6 foot wide paper used to place feedon before the chicks arrive for the first feeding.

Growout End: Portion of house opposite broodchamber.

High Pressure Flush: Process of bypassing water lineregulators with 25-30 pounds of water pressure toremove undesirables from watering system.

Incineration: Method of dead bird disposal using heat,rendering carcasses to ash when finished.

Lighting Guide Lines: Use of artificial lights tocontrol bird activity and growth rates.

Mortality Card: Card provided by Peterson Farmstelling the amount of birds placed in the house, thenumber of the delivering hatchery, and a chart for dailyrecording of death loss.

Plant Caused Condemned: Any bird that is discardedat the plant that includes, but is not limited to Cadavers,Contaminations, Overscald.

Pre-Brooding: Warming of brood chamber to desiredtemperature before chicks arrive.

Pre-Ventilation: The removal of ammonia and stale airform the brood chamber before chicks arrive.

Stir Fans: Fans in the ceiling to push warm air down tothe chicks.

Timers: Electrical motors that cycle by minutes andare used to engage exhaust fans.

Ventilation: Removal of undesirable air and moisturefrom the house by exhaust fans on curtain sides.


broiler management guide - neobio · contract growers, the intent of this broiler management guide...

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