b.sc. (agriculture) horticulture iii semester subject

1

Punjabi University, Patiala

SYLLABI AND COURSE OF READING FOR

B.Sc. (AGRICULTURE) HORTICULTURE PART-II (SEM : III & IV)

Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

B.Sc. (Agriculture) Horticulture IIIrd

Semester

Subject

Code

Subject Marks Practical Total

Theory

External Internal

I PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TROPICAL AND SUB-TROPICAL FRUITS

45 15 40 100

II FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTOMOLOGY 45 15 40 100

III PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BREEDING 45 15 40 100

IV MANURE, FERTILIZERS & SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT

45 15 40 100

V FUNDAMENTALS OF CROP PHYSIOLOGY

45 15 40 100

VI PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TROPICAL & SUB-TROPICAL VEGETABLES

45 15 40 100

VII FUNDAMENTALS OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY

45 15 40 100

VIII (A) PUNJABI COMPULSORY(FOR PUNJAB STATE STUDENT)/

75 25 -

100

VIII (B) PUNJABI MUDLA GYAN (FOR OTHER STATE STUDENTS)

75 25 -

VIII (C) ELEMENTARY PUNJABI (FOR OTHER STATE STUDENTS/ FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS )

50 20 30

EVS-

202

ENVIRONMENTAL & ROAD SAFETY

AWARENESS

(QUALIFYING PAPER)

70 30 - 100

Total 800

2




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

B.Sc. (AGRICULTURE) HORTICULTURE IVth

Semester

Subject Code

Subject MARKS

THEORY PRACTICAL TOTAL

EXTERNAL INTERNAL

IX INTRODUCTION TO AGROFORESTRY

45 15 40 100

X PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TEMPERATE FRUITS

45 15 40 100

XI PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TEMPERATE VEGETABLES

45 15 40 100

XII DISEASES OF FRUIT CROPS & MANAGEMENT

45 15 40

100

XIII ORCHARDMANAGEMENT

45 15 40

100 XIV FARMPOWER &MACHINERY

45 15 40

100

XV MEDICINAL & AROMATICALPLANTS

45 15 40

100

XVI (A) PUNJABI COMPULSORY (FOR PUNJAB STATE STUDENTS)

75 25 -

100

XVI (B) PUNJABI MUDLAGYAN (FOR OTHER STATE STUDENTS)

75 25 -

XVI (C) ELEMENTARY PUNJABI (FOR OTHER STATE STUDENTS/ FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS )

50 20 30

Total 800

3




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER I: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TROPICAL & SUB-TROPICAL FRUITS

Max Marks: 100 Theory: 45

Practical: 40 Internal Assessment: 15

THEORY

Duration of the Paper: 3 Hour Max Marks: 45 Pass Marks: 40%

INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER SETTER

The question paper will consist of three sections A, B and C. Section A and B will have four questions

from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 9 marks each. Section C will consist of 9 short-

answer type questions of 1 mark each which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 9

marks in all.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CANDIDATES

The Candidates are required to attempt two questions from each section A and B and the entire section

C.

SECTION-A

1. Definition, importance and divisions of horticulture. Climatic zones, area and production of different

fruit crops.

2. Selection of site, use of fencing and wind break. Planting systems, high density planting, planning

and establishment of an orchard.

3. Propagation methods and use of rootstocks. Methods of training and pruning. Use of growth

regulators in fruit production.

4. Package of practices for the cultivation of - Major fruits -mango, banana, citrus, grapes, guava, litchi

and papaya.

SECTION-B

5. Origin, distribution, commercial importance and export potential of fruits in India.

6. Nutrition and water requirements, fertigation, role of bio- regulators, major pests, diseases,

physiological disorders and their control measures in fruits.

7. Biotic factors limiting fruit production. Flowering, pollination and fruit set. Storage and ripening

techniques.

8. Package of practices for the cultivation of – Minor fruits - pineapple, pomegranate, ber, fig, jackfruit,

pear, plum, peaches, apricot and cherry.

4




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER I: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TROPICAL & SUB-TROPICAL FRUITS

PRACTICAL

Max. Marks: 40 Time allowed: 3 Hours Pass Marks: 40%

1. Horticultural tools and their uses.

2. Description and identification of species and varieties of fruits.

3. Growth regulators.

4. Nutritional and physiological disorders and their control.

5. Rejuvenation of old and unproductive trees.

6. Visit to commercial orchards.

7. Project preparation for establishing commercial orchards.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

Hayes, W.P. : Fruits Growing in India, Kitabstan, Allahabad

Singh Ranjit : Fruits

Lal Girdhari & Siddappe : Preservation of Fruits & Vegetables, ICRA, T New Delhi

Nagi Malkiat : Home Preservation of Fruits & Vegetables, PAU,

Ludhiana

Bal, J.S : Fruit Growing

Chatopadhie, T.K. : A Text Book of Pomology (Vol.I)

Jitender Singh : Horticultural Terminology

Chadha, K.L. : Handbook of Horticulture (ICAR)

5




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

PAPER II: FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTOMOLOGY



THEORY





answer type questions of 1 mark each which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 9 marks in all.


The Candidates are required to attempt two questions from each section A and B and the entire section C.

SECTION A

1. History of Entomology in India. Factors for insect’s abundance.

2. Major points related to dominance of Insecta in Animal kingdom. Classification of phylum

Arthropoda up to classes.

3. Systematics: Taxonomy–importance, history and development and binomial nomenclature.

Definitions of Biotype, Sub-species, Species, Genus, Family and Order.

4. Effect of abiotic factors–temperature, moisture, humidity, rainfall, light, atmospheric pressure and

air currents.Effect of biotic factors – food competition, natural and environmental resistance.

Concepts of Balance of life in nature, biotic potential and environmental resistance and causes for

outbreak of pests in agro-ecosystem.

SECTION B

5. Morphology: Structure and functions of insect cuticle and molting.

6. Body segmentation. Structure of Head, thorax and abdomen. Structure and modifications of

insect antennae, mouth parts, legs, Wing venation, modifications and wing coupling apparatus.

Structure of male and female genital organ. Major sensory organs like simple and compound

eyes, chemoreceptor.

7. Metamorphosis and diapause in insects. Types of larvae and pupae.

8. Structure and functions of digestive, circulatory, excretory, respiratory, nervous, secretary

(Endocrine) and reproductive system, in insects. Types of reproduction in insects.

6




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER II: FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTOMOLOGY

PRACTICAL


1. Methods of collection and preservation of insects including immature stages.

2. External features of Grasshopper/Blister beetle; Types of insect antennae, mouthparts and eggs; Wing

venation, types of wings and wing coupling apparatus.

3. Types of insect larvae and pupae.

4. Dissection of digestive system in insects (Grasshopper.

5. Dissection of male and female reproductive systems in insects (Grasshopper).

6. Study of characters of orders Orthoptera, Dictyoptera, Odonata, Isoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera,

Lepidoptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera and their families of agricutural

importance.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

Mani, M.S. : General Entomology, Oxford & IBH, New Delhi

Ross, H.H. : A text book of Entomology, John Willen and Sons

Imms. A.D. : Outlines of Entomology, Chapman & Hall London

Atwal A.S. : Insect Pests of South East Asia, Kalyani

Publishers, New Delhi

Narayan, K.K. : General & Applied Entomology, Tata McGraw

Hill, New Delhi

: Insects Structure and Function, English

Chapman R.F. : Language Books Society

Pruthi. H.S. : A Text Book of Entomology

Metcalf, R.H. : Destructive and Useful Insect, Mc Graw Hill

Book Co.

Mishra, R.C : Honey bees and their Management,

ICAR Publication, New Delhi

7




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER III: PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BREEDING



THEORY




from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 9 marks each. Section C will consist of 9 short-answer type questions of 1 mark each which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 9

marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. Historical development, concept, nature and role of plant breeding, major achievements and

future prospects

2. Genetics in relation to plant breeding, modes of reproduction and apomixes, self – incompatibility

male sterility and their uses and system of mating.

3. Domestication, Acclimatization, introduction; Centre of origin, component of Genetic variation,

Genetic basis and breeding methods in self- pollinated crops mass and pure line selection bulk,

pedigree and back cross method, hybridization techniques.

4. Concepts of population genetics and Hardy-Weinberg Law, Genetic basis and methods of

breeding cross pollinated crops; Heterosis and inbreeding depression, development of inbred lines

and hybrids, composite and synthetic varieties

SECTION B

5. Breeding methods in asexually propagated crops, clonal selection and hybridization, Wide

hybridization and pre-breeding

6. Polyploidy in relation to plant breeding, mutation breeding for crop improvement

7. Breeding for important biotic (disease resistance) and abiotic stresses (drought resistance)

Biotechnological tools-DNA markers and marker assisted selection.

8. Participatory plant breeding; Plant Breeders and Farmer’s Rights. Collaboration of Plant

Breeders/ farmers with private breeders/farmers.

8




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER III: PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BREEDING

PRACTICAL


1. Study of Plant Breeder’s kit.

2. Study of floral structure of self-pollinated and cross pollinated crops.

3. Emasculation and hybridization techniques in self & cross pollinated crops.

4. Consequences of inbreeding on genetic structure of resulting populations.

5. Study of male sterility system.

6. Handing of segregation populations.

7. Methods of calculating mean, range, variance, standard deviation.

8. Designs used in plant breeding experiment, analysis of Randomized Block Design.

9. To work out the mode of pollination in a given crop and extent of natural out crossing.

10. Prediction of performance of double cross hybrids.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Hayes, Immar & Smith : Methods of Plant Breeding

2. Poelhhlman J.M. & Borthakur : Breeding of Asian Field Crops

3. Singh B.D. : Plant Breeding- Principles and Methods

4. Singh B.D : A Text book of Plant Breeding

5. Singh Phundan : Essentials of Plant Breeding

6. Chahal G.S and Gosal S.S :Principles and procedure of Plant Breeding,

Biotechnological and conventional approaches

9




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER IV: MANURES, FERTILIZERS AND SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT



THEORY





marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. Introduction and importance of organic manures, properties and methods of preparation of bulky

and concentrated manures.

2. Green/ leaf manuring. Compost from farm and town refuse. Methods of composting,

vermicompost and biofertilizers. Integrated nutrient management.

3. Chemical fertilizers: classification, composition and properties of major nitrogenous, phosphatic,

potassic fertilizers.

4. Secondary & micronutrient fertilizers, Complex fertilizers, methods of fertilizers application,

Soil amendments, Fertilizer Storage, Fertilizer Control Order.

SECTION B

5. History of soil fertility and plant nutrition. Criteria of essentiality.

6. Role, deficiency and toxicity symptoms of essential plant nutrients, Mechanisms of nutrient

transport to plants, factors affecting nutrient availability to plants. Factor influencing nutrient use

efficiency (NUE).

7. Chemistry of soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur and

micronutrients.

8. Soil fertility evaluation, Soil testing. Critical levels of different nutrients in soil. Forms of

nutrients in soil, plant analysis, and rapid plant tissue tests. Indicator plants. Methods of fertilizer

recommendations to crops.

10




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER IV: MANURES, FERTILIZERS AND SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT

PRACTICAL


1. Methods of composting,

2. Methods of vermicompost

3. Methods of fertilizers application,

4. Introduction of analytical instruments. and their principles

5. Estimation of available N in soils.

6. Estimation of available P in soils.

7. Estimation of available K in soil.

8. Estimation of N in plants.

9. Estimation of P in plants.

10. Estimation of K in plants.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Brady, Nyle CC: The Nature and Properties of Soil .McMillan Publishing Co., New Delhi.

2. Tenhane R.V. Motiramani, : Soil Theory Chemistry and Fertility

3. D.P., Bali V.P & in Tropical Asia. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

4. Roth, H.D., and Truk L.H. : Fundamentals of Soil Science. Wiley Eastern

Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi.

5. Yawlkar, K.S. Aggarwal, J.P : Manures & Fertilizer-Agri/ KA Balkele S. Pulishing

Co.Nagpur.

6. Ranjan Kumar Basak : Fertilizers: A Text Book

11




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER V: FUNDAMENTALS OF CROP PHYSIOLOGY



THEORY





marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. Introduction to crop physiology and its importance in Agriculture.

2. Plant cell: an Overview, water relations in plants: role of water in plant metabolism, osmosis,

water potential and its components, absorption of water, mechanisms of absorption, ascent of sap.

3. Stomata, structure, distribution, classification, mechanism of opening and closing of stomata,

guttation, transpiration, and factors affecting transpiration.

4. Different types of stresses, water, heat and cold tolerance, mechanism of tolerance. Mineral

nutrition of Plants: Functions and deficiency symptoms of nutrients, nutrient uptake mechanism.

SECTION B

5. Photosynthesis: importance of photosynthesis, factors affecting the photosynthesis. Light and

Dark reactions, C3, C4 and CAM plants.

6. Respiration: Glycolysis, TCA cycle and electron transport chain, ATP synthesis and factors

affecting the respiration.

7. Fat Metabolism: Fatty acid synthesis and breakdown; Plant growth regulators: Physiological roles

and agricultural uses.

8. Physiological aspects of growth and development of major crops: Growth analysis, Role of

Physiological growth parameters in crop productivity.

12




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER V: FUNDAMENTALS OF CROP PHYSIOLOGY

PRACTICAL


1. Study of structure and distribution of stomata.

2. Osmosis demonstration, Plasmolysis-demonstration.

3. Determination of diffusion pressure deficit of losses.

4. Measurement of root pressure, rate of transpiration.

5. Separation of photosynthetic pigments through paper chromatography.

6. Rate of transpiration, photosynthesis, respiration, tissue test for mineral nutrients.

7. Estimation of relative water content, Measurement of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation by Infra

Red Gas Analyser (IRGA).

Books Recommended

1. J.B. Salisbury and L.W. Ross . Plant physiology. Wadswar Publisher Company.

Belmont.

2. H.N. Srivastava : Plant Physiology.

3. K.N. Bhatia & M.P. Tyagi : Elementary Biology.

4. V.K. Jain: Fundamentals of Plant Physiology.

5. V.Verma : Text Book of Plant Physiology

13




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER VI: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TROPICAL & SUB-TROPICAL

VEGETABLES



THEORY






marks in all.



C.

Section A

1. Importance of Olericulture. Classification, area, production of vegetables in India.

2. Package of practices of tomato, brinjal, chillies and okra.

3. Cucurbitaceous vegetables- cucumber, ridge gourd, bottle gourd, bitter gourd and melons.

4. Cole crops - cabbage, cauliflower and knol-khol. Bulb crops - onion and garlic. Beans and peas -

French beans, peas and cowpea.

Section B

5. Principles of cultivation including direct sowing, nursery management, transplanting, hardening of

seedlings and vegetable forcing.

6. Tuber crops - potato, sweet potato. Root crops - carrot, radish, turnip and beet root. Leafy vegetables -

palak, methi.

7. Post harvest handling, processing, storage and marketing of vegetables.

8. Traditional and advanced methods of storage of vegetables and marketing of vegetables in India.

14




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER VI: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TROPICAL & SUB-TROPICAL

VEGETABLES

PRACTICAL


1. Identification of important vegetable seeds and plants.

2. Planning and layout of kitchen garden.

3. Raising of vegetable nurseries.

4. Transplanting of vegetable seedlings in main field.

5. Seed extraction in tomato and brinjal.

6. Visit to commercial vegetable farms.

7. Intercultural operations in vegetable plots.

8. Sowing of potato, root crops and cucurbitaceous vegetables.

9. Harvesting indices of different vegetable crops.

10. Grading and packing of vegetables.

Books Recommended

1. M.S. Dhaliwal : Hand Book of Vegetable crops.

2. G.S. Sani : Text Book of vegetable production.

3. PAU Lud : Package of practices for cultivation of vegetables.

4. Yawlkar : Vegetable crops.

5. Vishnu Swarup : Vegetable science and technology in India.

6. Prem Nath, S. Velayudhan : Vegetables for Tropical Regions.

7. D.P. Singh M.K. Rana : Scientific Cultivation of Vegetables.

8. Chadha,K.L. : Handbook of Horticulture (ICAR)

15




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER VII: FUNDAMENTAL FOOD TECHNOLOGY



THEORY





answer type questions of 1 mark each which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 9 marks in all.


The Candidates are required to attempt two questions from each section A and B and the entire section C.

SECTION A

1. Status of food processing industries in India, Development of meat, poultry, egg dairy and food

industry in India. Prospects for future growth in India.

2. Harvesting, transportation and storage of fruits and vegetables. Post harvest processing of fruits

and vegetables: Peeling, sizing, blanching.

3. Canning of fruits and vegetables, Drying and freezing of fruits and vegetables.

4. Juice processing: General steps in juice processing, role of enzymes in fruit. Juice extraction,

equipments and methods of fruit juice extraction, preservation of fruit juices, fruit juice

clarification.

SECTION B

5. Beverages: Classification, scope, carbonated non-alcoholic beverages and their

manufacture. Fruit beverages and drinks, additives for fruit based beverages.

6. Structure and composition of cereals, legumes and oilseeds, Milling of paddy, quality factors of

rice grains, processing of rice bran oil, Instant rice, quick cooking rice, canned rice.

7. Milling technology of wheat, Criteria of wheat flour quality, improvers for wheat flour, Types

of wheat flour,.

8. Milling technology of maize, wet milling of corn. Milling technology of barley, malting of barley

and its utilization in manufacture of value added food products including malted milk foods.

16




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-III

PAPER VII: FUNDAMENTAL FOOD TECHNOLOGY

PRACTICAL


1. Determination of cooking quality of rice.

2. Manufacture of barley malt.

3. Drying of fruits and vegetables.

4. Preparation of fruit based drinks and beverages: Ready-to-serve drink, Nectar, Squash, Whey-

fruit based beverages.

5. Manufacture of fruit jam.

6. Manufacture of fruit jelly.

7. Manufacture of tomato ketchup/tomato sauce.

8. Manufacture of soups.

9. Manufacture of fruit preserve.

10. Manufacture of candied fruits.

11. Manufacture of fruit bar; Manufacture of pickles.

Books Recommended

1. Singh, J : Hand book of Agriculture, publish by ICAR.

2. S, Mohini and E. S. Rav : Food Science Experiments and application

3. Brooker, B.E. : Food theory and application

4. Russell, N.J and Gould,G.W :Food Preservations

5. Ranganna, S. Handbook of analysis and quality control for

fruits and Vegetable products. Ed.2. New delhi:

Tata McGgraw Hill publishing Co.Ltd.

6. Lal, Girdhari. :Fruit and vegetable preservation, ICAR

7. Pandey, P.H. Principles & Practices of Post harvest

technology, Kalyani Publishers




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

Paper VIII: Punjabi Compulsory/Mudla Gyan/Elementary Punjabi


Pass Marks: 40% Internal Assessment: 25

To download the Syllabus go to :

www.punjabiuniversity.ac.in → Important Links → Download Syllabus → Academic Session 2020-21 →

Faculty of Languages → Punjabi → Under Graduate → Common Syllabus with B.Sc. (Agriculture 4Yrs)

or (Home Science) Punjabi Compulsory or Mudla Gyan or Elementry Punjabi.

http://www.punjabiuniversity.ac.in/




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

21

Semester-III

EVS-202: Environmental and Road Safety Awareness



Common for All Under Graduate Degree Courses Part-IInd (Semester III)

Qualifying Subject-Environmental and Road Safety Awareness

23




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER IX: INTRODUCTION TO AGROFORESTRY



THEORY





marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. Forest based industries in the developed and developing countries. Trade patterns of forest based raw

materials.

2. Agro-forestry system, sub-system and practice: agri-silviculture, silvipastoral, horti- silviculture,

horti-silvipastoral, shifting cultivation, taungya, home gardens, alley cropping, intercropping, wind

breaks, shelterbelts and energy plantations.

3. Forestry planning for agro-forestry – constraints, diagnosis and design methodology and selection of

tree crops species for agro-forestry.

4. Agro-forestry project – national, overseas. MPTS – their management practices; economics of cultivation – nursery and planting (Acacia catechu, Dalbergia sissoo, Tectona, Populus, Morus,

Grewia, Eucalyptus, Quercus spp., bamboo, tamarind, neem, etc.)

SECTION B

5. Forests; definitions, role, benefits; direct and indirect. Status of Indian forests and role in India

farming systems.

6. Classification of forests- Forest types- Agricultural lands and forests- Agro forestry systems;

differences in nutrient cycling, diversity etc. Social forestry, joint forest management; programmes

and objectives.

7. National and international organizations in forestry. Important events/dates related to forests and

environment-themes and philosophy.

8. Important acts and policies related to Indian forests. Global warming; forestry options for mitigation

and adaptation- carbon sequestration.

24




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER IX: INTRODUCTION TO AGROFORESTRY

PRACTICAL


1. Identification and seeds and seedlings of multipurpose tree species.

2. Nursery practices for poplar, Grewia optiva, Morus alba, Acacia catechu, Dalbergia sissoo,

robinia, leucaena, etc.

3. Visit to agro-forestry fields.

4. To study the silvi-pasture, alley cropping, horti-silviculture, agro-silvipasture fuel and fodder block.

5. Visit to social forestry plantations – railway line plantations, roadside plantations, industrial

plantations and shelterbelts.

6. Rapid assessment of farmers’ needs for green manure, fodder, fuel wood in selected villages.

7. Economic and marketing of products produced in agro-forestry systems.

Suggested reading :

Beazley, M. 1981.: The International Book of Forests.

Champion and Seth.: Forest types of India.

Grebner, D.L., Bettinger, P.and Siry, J.P. 2012. Introduction to Forestry and Natural Resources.

Academic Press.

Khanna, L.S. 1989. Principles and Practice of Silviculture. Khanna Bandhu, New Delhi.

Mitchell Beazly.1981. The International Book of the Forest. Mitchell Beazly Publishers, London.

Mather, A.S. 1990. Global forest resources. Belhaven, London

Persson, R. 1992. World forest resources. Periodical experts, New Delhi.

Westoby, J. 1991. Introduction to World Forestry. Wiley, 240 p.

25




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER X: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TEMPERATE FRUITS



THEORY






marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. Distribution, commercial importance, scope and classification of temperate fruit and nuts.

2. Detailed study of area, production, varieties, rootstocks, climate and soil requirements for

temperate fruits.

3. Propagation, planting density, cropping systems, after care, training and pruning, pollination in

temperate fruits.

4. Use of growth regulators, nutrition, weeds management, maturity indices, harvesting, post- harvest

handling and storage of temperate fruits.

SECTION B

5. Nutrition and water requirements, fertigation, role of bio- regulators, major pests, diseases,

physiological disorders and their control measures.

6. Abiotic factors limiting fruit production. Flowering, pollination and fruit set. Quality improvement. Storage and ripening techniques.

7. Cultivation , harvesting, storage and post harvest handling of apple, pear, peach, plum,

apricot, cherry, persimmon

8. Cultivation, harvesting, storage and post harvest handling of strawberry, kiwi, almond, walnut,

pistachio nut, hazel nut and chest nut.

26




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER X: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TEMPERATE FRUITS

PRACTICAL


1. Description and identification of species and varieties.

2. Training and purring in temperate fruit crops.

3. Study of propagation method of temperate fruit crops

4. Study the characteristics of temperate fruits varieties.

5. Rejuvenation of old and unproductive trees.

6. Visit to commercial orchards.

7. Project preparation for establishing commercial orchards.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED





Ludhiana





27




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER XI: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TEMPERATE VEGETABLES



THEORY






marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. Importance of cool season vegetable crops in nutrition and national economy, area, production

and export potential.

2. Description of varieties and hybrids, origin, climate and soil requirements production technology,

physiological disorders of cabbage, cauliflower.


physiological disorders of knol-khol, sprouting broccoli.


physiological disorders, of Brussels sprout, lettuce.

SECTION B

5. Introduction, botany, varieties and hybrids, origin, climate and soil requirements production

technology, physiological disorders of Chinese cabbage, spinach.


technology, physiological disorders of garlic, onion, leek.


technology, physiological disorders of radish, carrot, turnip.


technology, physiological disorders and marketing of beet root, peas, beans, rhubarb and

asparagus.

28




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER XI: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TEMPERATE VEGETABLES

PRACTICAL


1. Identification and description of varieties / hybrids.

2. Propagation methods, nursery management, preparation of field and sowing /

transplanting.

3. Identification of physiological and nutritional disorders and their management.

4. Post-harvest handling of produce.

5. Cost of cultivation of important vegetables.

6. Visit to commercial farms.

Books Recommended

M.S. Dhaliwal : Hand Book of Vegetable crops.

G.S. Sani : Text Book of vegetable production.

PAU Lud : Package of practices for cultivation of vegetables.

Yawlkar : Vegetable crops.

Vishnu Swarup : Vegetable science and technology in India.

Prem Nath, S. Velayudhan : Vegetables for Tropical Regions.

D.P. Singh M.K. Rana : Scientific Cultivation of Vegetables.

Chadha,K.L. : Handbook of Horticulture (ICAR)

29




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER-XII: DISEASES OF FRUIT CROPS & MANAGEMENT



THEORY





marks in all.



C.

SECT ION -A

1. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of fruits

- mango, banana, grape and citrus.

2. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of fruits

- guava, sapota, and papaya.

3. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of fruits jack fruit, pineapple, and litchi.

4. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of

fruits- pomegranate, ber, and amla.

SECTION B

5. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of

fruits- pear, peach, and plum, apple.

6. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of fruits- almond, walnut, and strawberry.

7. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of fruits- cherry, apricot and persimmon.

8. Symptoms, mode of spread, integrated management and chemical control of the diseases of fruits- olive, loquat and fig.

30




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER-XII: DISEASES OF FRUIT CROPS & MANAGEMENT

PRACTICAL


1. Observations of disease symptoms in fruits.

2. Identification of casual organisms of disease in fruits.

3. Examination of important pathogens of fruits crops.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Alexopolues : Introductory Mycology

2. Mundkur, C.T. B.B. & Chattopadhyaya, SB : Fungi and Plant Diseases

3. Singh, RS : Plant Diseases

4. R.P. Singh :Plant Pathology

5. G.L. Chopra :Fungi

6. B.P. Pandey :Plant Pathology

7. Chadha, K.L. : Handbook of horticulture (ICAR)

31




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAER XIII: ORCHARD MANAGEMENT



THEORY



The question paper will consist of three sections A, B and C. Section A and B will have four questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 9 marks each. Section C will consist of 9 short-


marks in all.



C.

SECTION- A

1. Importance, objectives, merits and demerits of orchard management.

2. Clean cultivation, sod culture, intercropping, cover cropping, and mixed cropping. Inorganic and

organic mulches and herbicides.

3. Orchard management practices, tree geometry management, lay out and planting of orchard,

planting of important fruit crops.

4. Competitive and complimentary effect of root and shoot systems in different management

systems.

SECTION B

5. Managements of orchard-orchard planning and layout, mineral nutrition in fruit crops, role of

pollination in fruit crops, weed management.

6. Soil management in relation to nutrient and water uptake and their effects on soil environment,

moisture, micro-organisms and soil properties.

7. Integrated nutrient management. Utilization of resource constraints in existing systems.

8. Crop models and crop regulation in relation to cropping systems. Systems of irrigation.

32




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAER XIII: ORCHARD MANAGEMENT

PRACTICAL


1. Layout of different systems of orchard

2. Soil management of fruit crops: clean, inter, cover and mixed cropping and fillers.

3. Use of mulch materials

4. Moisture conservation and weed control.

5. Layout of various irrigation systems.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED





Ludhiana





Singh, J : Fundamentals of Horticulture

33




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER XIV: FARM POWER AND MACHINERY



THEORY





marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. Status of Farm Power in India, Sources of Farm Power, Internal Combustion (I.C). Engines,

working principles of I C engines technology.

2. Comparison of two stroke and four stroke cycle engines, Study of different components of I.C.

engine, I.C. engine terminology and solved problems.

3. Familiarization with different systems of I.C. engines: Air cleaning, cooling, lubrication, fuel

supply and hydraulic control system of a tractor

4. Familiarization with Power transmission system: clutch, gear box, differential and final drive of a

tractor, Tractor types, Cost analysis of tractor power and attached implement.

SECTION B

5. Familiarization with Primary and Secondary Tillage implements, Implements for hill agriculture,

implements for intercultural operations

6. Familiarization with sowing and planting equipment, calibration of a seed drill and solved

examples

7. Familiarization with Plant Protection equipments. Familiarization with harvesting and threshing

equipment.

8. Implements for intercultural operations, seed drills, paddy tranplanters, their calibrations. Plant

protection. Harvesting and threshing equipment. Cost of operation of tractor and machinery.

34




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER XIV: FARM POWER AND MACHINERY

PRACTICAL


1. Study of different components of I.C. engine.

2. To study air cleaning and cooling system of engine.

3. Familiarization with clutch, transmission, differential and final drives of a tractor.

4. Familiarization with lubrication and fuel supply system of engine.

5. Familiarization with brake, steering, hydraulic control system of engine, learning of tractor

driving.

6. Familiarization with operation of power tiller, Implements for hill agriculture.

7. Familiarization with different types of primary and secondary tillage implements: mould plough,

disc plough and disc harrow.

8. Familiarization with seed-cum-fertilizer drills their seed metering mechanism and calibration,

planters and trans-planter. Familiarization with different types of sprayers and dusters

Familiarization with different inter-cultivation equipment.

9. Familiarization with harvesting and threshing machinery.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Ojha, T.P : Principles of Agri. Vol. –I Jain Brothers, Publishers, New Delhi

2. Michale, A.M : Farm Power and Machinery, Kitab Mahal, Allahabad.

3. Smith Kanis Person : Farm Machinery and Equipments; Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co. New

Delhi. Wills L. Hang : Agri. Engg. Land Surveying, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. New

Delhi.

4. Jain,S.C. and Rai,C.R. : Tractor Engine.

35




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER XV: MEDICINAL AND AROMATICAL PLANTS



THEORY





marks in all.



C.

SECTION A

1. History, scope, opportunities and constraints in the cultivation and utilization of medicinal and

aromatic plants in India. Role of medicinal and aromatic plants in Indian economy.

2. Importance, origin, distribution, area, production, climatic and soil requirements, propagation and

nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, cultural practices, harvesting of Medicinal plants:

Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentina) and Isabgol (Plantago ovata).


nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, cultural practices, harvesting of Medicinal plants:

Asgand (Withania somnifera) and Senna (Cassia angustifolia).


nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, cultural practices, harvesting of Medicinal plants: Aloe

vera (A. barbadensis) and safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum).

SECTION B


nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, cultural practices, harvesting of aromatic plants: Tulsi

(Ocimum basilicum) and Mentha (Mentha arvensis).


nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, cultural practices, harvesting of aromatic plants:

palmarosa oil grass (Cymbopogon spp) and patchouli (Pogostemon patchouli).

36




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23


nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, cultural practices, harvesting of aromatic plants: Rose

geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) and damask rose (Rosa damascena).


nursery techniques, planting and aftercare, cultural practices, harvesting of aromatic plants: Khus

(Vetiveria zizanioides) and celery (Apium graviolens).

37




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

SEMESTER-IV

PAPER XV: MEDICINAL AND AROMATICAL PLANTS

PRACTICAL


1. Identification of various medicinal plants.

2. Identification of aromatic plants.

3. Commercial use of medicinal and aromatic plants.

4. Nursery raising and transplantation of medicinal crops harvesting, drying, grading and storage

5. Nursery raising and transplantation of aromatic crops harvesting, drying, grading and storage

6. Visits to Department of Botany, Punjabi University Patiala

Suggested reading

1. Atul, C.K. and Kapur, B.K. (1982).Cultivation and utilization of medicinal plants. CSIR-

RRL, Jammu

2. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C. (1956).Glossary of Indian medicinal plants.

CSIR, New Delhi.

3. Gunther, E. (1975). The essential oils. Robert, K Krieger Pub. Co., New York.

4. EIRI Board. (2007). Handbook of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Cultivation, Utilisation

and ExtractionProcesses. Engineers India Research Institute, NaiSarak, Delhi,.

5. Khan, I.A. and Khanum, A. (2005). Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of India ; Herbal Wealth

for Human Health (1st Ed). Ukaaz Publications.

6. Muralia, S. (2006).Medicinal and aromatic plants (1st Ed).Neha Publishers & Distributors.

7. Chopra, A.K. (2007). Medicinal Plants: Conservation, Cultivation and Utilization. Daya

Books.

8. Trivedi, P.C. (2006). Medicinal plants traditional knowledge. I.K. International Publisher

House Pvt.L.td.

9. Chadha,K.L. (2014). Handbook of horticulture. ICAR, New Delhi.

38




Session : 2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23

Semester-IV

XVI: Punjabi Compulsory/Mudla Gyan/Elementary Punjabi



To download the Syllabus go to :

www.punjabiuniversity.ac.in → Important Links → Download Syllabus → Academic Session 2020-21 →

Faculty of Languages → Punjabi → Under Graduate → Common Syllabus with B.Sc. (Agriculture

4Yrs)or(Home Science) Punjabi Compulsory or Mudla Gyan or Elementry Punjabi.

http://www.punjabiuniversity.ac.in/

b.sc. (agriculture) horticulture iii semester subject

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