btes at acsa march 2015

@ Architecture and Building Technology in a

Post-Critical Age

Toronto 2015

Par%cipants

Terri Boake Erin Carraher James Doerfler Jonathan Massey Patricia Kucker

Moderator

Franca Trubiano

Architecture and Building Technology in a Post-Critical Age

Toronto 2015

TAD TAD TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE + DESIGN Journal of Editorial Board Marci Uihlein Smith University of Illinois Andrzej Zarzycki New Jersey InsQtute of Technology Terri Boake University of Waterloo Franca Trubiano University of Pennsylvania

Journal Mission: TECHNOLOGY | ARCHITECTURE + DESIGN is a peer-‐reviewed internaQonal journal dedicated to the advancement of scholarship in building technologies and their impact, integraQon and translaQon within architecture and design. TAD encourages, captures, and shares new knowledge in how we think, make and use technology in the building arts. ArQcles are sought that feature primary research in emerging materials, construcQon techniques, design integraQon, structures, building systems, energy, environmental design, informaQon technology, digital fabricaQon, sustainability and resiliency, history and theory of technology, and building technology educaQon. Aimed at researchers, educators, and pracQQoners, the journal seeks to advance and transform the current discourse on technology in order to reimagine its role within the fields of architecture and design.

Panel Discussion 1/2 BTES represents an internaQonal group of academics who teach in schools of architecture and who are commi^ed to advancing the value of technology in the educaQon of the architect. Structural design, new materials, construcQon techniques, environmental design, and digital fabricaQon are some of the subjects of interest to its nearly 100 strong membership, be it manifest via teaching, research, or scholarship. In this light, the following panel discussion seeks to idenQfy contemporary issues of criQcal importance to architectural educaQon as it seeks to address the role which technology plays in shaping the pracQce of design. •  Architecture, both within and beyond the academy, has recently turned to all things technological; doing so, in an evermore globalized and networked set of pracQces predicated on vast quanQQes of data exchange, the promoQon of highly mechanized forms of fabricaQon, diminishing access to natural resources and extensive transnaQonal displacements of human labor. Much that condiQons the architect’s pracQce is now predicated on the limits and extents of ever more technological imperaQves, ocen at the exclusion of all things criQcal or discursive.

Panel Discussion 2/2 •  Moreover, the extent to which important advances in building technology and construcQon have been moQvated by quesQons of theory, ethics, and jusQce, is negligible, if nonexistent. The cultural dimension of building has rarely been influenQal in the development and deployment of building based technologies. Instead, market imperaQves and global procurement pracQces have been far more significant in condiQoning what actually gets built. Acer all, architects are marginally implicated in the material transformaQon of their pracQces. The reasons for which are many. Hence, no Qmelier a moment is there to reevaluate the criQcal dimension of architectural design, parQcularly in what concerns its relaQonship to the material and environmental technologies that subtend its pracQce . This panel discussion seeks to address the present lacuna in the theoreQcal foundaQons of the architectural design by asking how building technology might be addressed in our post criQcal age.

Erin Carraher University of Utah ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN a Post-‐Cri%cal Age Past the analog versus digital divide in architectural educaQon, the quesQon now becomes what are the digital technologies fundamental to an architect’s educaQon, and how/when/where do we introduce them? Faculty must also consider whether or not digital technologies – especially BIM and parametric modeling – can and should be used as design tools and whether or not the uQlizaQon of digital tools to incorporate data-‐rich content concerning building performance, structural opQmizaQon, and digital fabricaQon output are enriching the pracQce of architecture or are too complex for students to digest while in school. In a post-‐criQcal context, what then are pedagogical tools and curricular frameworks that allow for the introducQon of criQcal digital technologies as integrated and integral components of architectural educaQon?

Terri Boake University of Waterloo PRACTICE BASED EDUCATION Technology is being reposiQoned in the pracQce and appreciaQon of architecture. This is evidenced by an increasing focus on sustainable design as well as in the recent announcement by NCARB regarding licensure upon accreditaQon. Studies by Design Intelligence seem to note that schools are divided into two primary groups: those with a focus on history/theory and those that value technology/sustainable design and a future in pracQce. In light of this informaQon, how might the content and format of educaQon change and be changed? How can the experQse of BTES be involved in this potenQal shic towards this pracQce based educaQon focus?

1. Licensure upon graduaQon proposal by NCARB

2. Current pass rates for licensing exams

3. Design Intelligence Survey regarding schools with technical strengths

Terri Meyer Boake, University of Waterloo School of Architecture

h^p://www.archdaily.com/450367/are-‐ivy-‐league-‐schools-‐really-‐offering-‐the-‐best-‐architectural-‐educaQon/

In the survey of students, the responses by those a^ending Harvard and Columbia (the only Ivy League schools with published student survey results) showed a body of students which tended to be ambivalent to architecture’s professional insQtuQons, and the profession as a whole. Asked if they plan to become a licensed architect in the future, only 73% of Harvard and 61% of Columbia said yes, compared to a naQonal average of 83.4%. NaQonally, 63% of students either already are, or plan to become LEED accredited. At Columbia, this drops to 44%, and at Harvard just 37% – and this in a profession which, as the report demonstrates, values sustainability very highly. Finally, this ambivalence towards the profession of architecture manifests in fewer graduates being happy to work for others: asked what they plan to do acer graduaQon, only 1.8% of students naQonally predicted self-‐employment. At Columbia, this rises to 5%, and at Harvard to a colossal 12%. Let me reiterate that: Harvard graduates, despite being hugely coveted by architecture firms, are almost seven Qmes as likely as other students to go it alone.

James Doerfler Philadelphia University INDUSTRY SPONSORED PROJECTS Taking advantage of our academic abiliQes to uncover projects combined with our students virtuous perspecQve allows industry sponsored projects to flourish in the right environment. It is possible to provide soluQons that are ocen not limited by constraints and ocen have outcomes that surpass expectaQons. Can the way we teach and support project-‐based research in the academy and create a value-‐added environment for sponsorship of projects? What environment enhances project-‐based research outcomes? What role does technological educaQon play in project-‐based research?

103rd ACSA Annual MeeQng – Toronto 2015

Architecture and Building Technology in a Post-Critical Age:

Industry Sponsored Research

BTES Session – Architecture and Building Technology in a Post-‐CriQcal Age

What lures industry sponsored research?

Cal Poly - Fourth Year Architectural Design Studio – Kaohsuing Cruiseship Terminal Competition Eight students worked together as the design team for RNT Architects and Buro Happold Los Angeles for this professional competition in Taiwan.

DIAGRAMS

URBAN RESPONSE

LANDSCAPE

BUILDING

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

PLANS

ELEVATIONS

SECTIONS

SKIN

2

3

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8

14

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17SECTIONS

CROSS SECTION 02 SCALE: 1:400

Departing Passengers Arriving Passengers Office Workers General Public

1. Concourse 2. International Terminal 3. Domestic Terminal 4. Offices 5. Underground Parking 6. Generator 7. Atrium

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Cal Poly - Fourth Year Architectural Design Studio – Gensler Design/Build Gensler Los Angeles requested Cal Poly to work with them on a design for a large table in the lobby of their new offices in downtown Los Angeles. Three students over two quarters developed a design for the table and provided digital files for the fabrication. Installed January 2012.

Apple PlywoodEstimated material use: 4’x8’ (x12)

FiberglassEstimated culmative area of coverage: 88.49 sq. ft.

8'0"

4'0"

Exploded Rib Assembly Exploded Waffle Assembly Exploded Fiberglass Assembly

Vertical ribs friction fit into horizontalOpposing sides joined together

Fiberglass fabricated in three main panels and joined on rib structure

Cal Poly, San Luis ObispoGensler Design-BuildCory Walker, Ben Hait-Campbell, Kegan FlanderkaProf. Jim Doerfler, Prof. Mark Cabrinha

.75”

.75”

Simpson Strong Tie - A21 Angle Connection

Sectional perspective : Shelving

Elevation : Creasing

Material Estimates :

Apple PlywoodEstimated material use: 4’x8’ (x12)

FiberglassEstimated culmative area of coverage: 88.49 sq. ft.

8'0"

4'0"

Exploded Rib Assembly Exploded Waffle Assembly Exploded Fiberglass Assembly

Vertical ribs friction fit into horizontalOpposing sides joined together

Fiberglass fabricated in three main panels and joined on rib structure

Cal Poly, San Luis ObispoGensler Design-BuildCory Walker, Ben Hait-Campbell, Kegan FlanderkaProf. Jim Doerfler, Prof. Mark Cabrinha

.75”

.75”

Simpson Strong Tie - A21 Angle Connection

Sectional perspective : Shelving

Elevation : Creasing

Material Estimates :


Cal Poly - Fourth Year Architectural Design Studio – Gensler Design/Build


Cal Poly – Graduate Research Studio

Architecture!

Graduate Research Studio – Feasibility for Faculty Retreat Center and Marina for Diamond Valley Lake. This project and report is fulfilling a research grant provided by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California for a off-the grid and water independent 100 unit facility. All services were researched and sized and a budget was provided. The team was made up of seven graduate students from different disciplines.

Le#$column$from$top:$Small,$Medium$and$Large$prefabricated$housing$units$with$ar;culated$second$skin$for$shading.$Extra$Large$building$is$recep;on$and$Conference$Center.$Right$column$from$top:$Masterplan$and$Rendering$of$buildings$on$site.$$The$students$were$asked$to$provide$all$design$work,$present$their$work$to$the$client$and$consul;ng$engineers,$contribute$during$discussions$and$provide$all$final$renderings$and$drawings$and$compose$the$feasibility$report$(2012).$$$$Student$team:$H.$Anderson,$B.$Anton,$B.$Dwyer,$K.$JueQe,$C.$Kossack,$J.$Schmiidt,$T.$Shorey$$Faculty:$J.$Doerfler$$$$$

DIAMOND VALLEY LAKE Faculty Retreat Center and Marina

Cal Poly Architecture Grad Research Studio

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Faculty Retreat Center and Marina


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BUILDING AT A GLANCE

PROJECT SUMMARY OF DIAMOND VALLEY LAKE RETREAT CENTER AND MARINA

Location: Diamond Valley Lake Hemet, CA

Principal Use: Residential and commercial

Gross Area: Units (varies): 25@ 336 sq. ft. 8,400 sq. ft. 45@ 420 sq. ft. 18,900 sq. ft. 32@ 504 sq. ft. 16,128 sq. ft. Total: 43,428 sq. ft.

Conference Center: 9,287 sq. ft.

Marina: Administration Building 3,528 sq. ft. Commercial Building 4,032 sq. ft. Toilets 1,008 sq. ft. Total: 8,568 sq. ft.

Energy & water plant: 1,000 sq. ft.

Gazebo 420 sq. ft.

Total: 62,703 sq. ft.

ENERGY SYSTEMS AT A GLANCEMicrogrid for interconnection buildingsSource: Photovoltaic array 230 kW Diesel generator 30 kW Battery bank 3.1 million ah

Demand: kWh per year 380,000 kWh/year

WATER CYCLE AT A GLANCE Micro utility grid to interconnect buildingsWater supplied from Diamond Valley LakeAll surplus treated wastewater to be pumped off-site for irrigation

Source: Water purificiation Pre-filtration with reverse osmosis and sterilization Wastewater treatment: Living System

Greywater treatment: Living System To be used for toilet flushing, then sent to education center for irrigation

Rainwater: Controlled runoff

Demand: Per day 10,000 gallons

CLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEMS AT A GLANCECooling Source: 3,000 cfm evaporative coolers in each unit Btu’s of cooling per gallon of water 7,830 btu

Heating Source: Solar hot water Radiant heating

Ventilation: Natural Ventilation Fan-assisted

PASSIVE SYSTEMS AT A GLANCEOrientation Solar and wind

Shade Layered building envelope Building management system to close up the units Perforated shed roof to shade unit

Natural Daylight Windows and 80 sq. ft. glass accordion door

Building Envelope Roof and floor R-25 Wall R-20 Window Dual glazed low-E U 0.29 blocks 95% of UV rays

Thermal Mass 3.5” exposed concrete floor slab Phase change BIOpcm M51 on all walls, floor, and ceiling 51 btu/sf

KEY SUSTAINABILITY FEATURESWater Conservation Low-flow fixtures Greywater recycling

Recycled/Certified Materials 90% recycled steel and FSC certified lumber used throughout

Construction Waste Pre-fab construction reduces construction waste by 80%

Lighting LED lighting only

Indoor Air Quality LEED Platinum requirements for VOC’s

Solar Hot Water Individual Rheem Solar Hot Water for each unit

Building Management System Active motorized shading screens to regulate direct sun exposure and to fire protect and secure units

Cal Poly – Graduate Research Studio – Faculty Retreat Center and Marina for Diamond Valley Lake. Client : MWDSC




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Cal Poly – Graduate Research Studio – Same, Tanzania Polytechnic Project with Arup Engineers


SCHEMATIC DESIGNCal Poly Architecture and Environmental DesignGraduate Research Studio

DESALINATION PLANT, MONTEREY, CACal Poly Architecture and Environmental Design: Graduate Research Studio 4

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Aerial View


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Site Plan : Sustainable Features

Proposed1. Bike Path(1a) / Bike Racks(1b) / Stor-age and Showers(1c) Reduces Automo-bile Pollution 2. On-Site Charging Station and Electri-cal Powered Vehicles for Staff Reduces Automobile Pollution 3. Priority Parking for 5% Carpools and Vanpools Reduces Automobile Pollution

��5HÀHFWLYH�5RDG�6XUIDFH�5HGXFLQJ�Heat Island Effect��6RODU�3DQHOV�DQG�+LJKO\�5HÀHFWLYH�Roof Surface Reducing Heat Island Ef-fect

6. Service Road Lighting Reducing Light Pollution 7. Lighting on Motion Sensors Reducing Light Pollution

8. WaterSense Fixtures and Roof Rain-water Harvesting Reducing Water Use 9. Building Design that Maximizes Energy Performance10. Installation of Solar Panels Utilizing On-site Renewable Energy11. Use Sustainable Building Materials and Reduce Waste 12. Promote Better Indoor Air Quality and Access to Daylight and Views

Legend Utilized1. Minimize Distruption to Existing Eco-systems protecting and Restoring the Habitat2. Supporting the Habitat with Native and Adaptive Vegetation that Minimizes Water Use

3. Trees Shading Road Surface Reducing Heat Island Effect4. Building Design Maximizes Daylighting and Views

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Site Water Flow Diagram

Seawater

Wastewater

Desalinated water

Water pumped from the ocean passes through 0XOWL0HGLD�¿OWHUV�WKDW�UHPRYH�ODUJHU�HOHPHQW�IURP�the water. The bi-product is displaced into a set RI�WZR�EDFNZDVK�SRQGV�ZKLOH�WKH�¿OWHUHG�ZDWHU�LV�stored in two large cylindrical tanks adjacent the treatment building. These tanks provide a constant supply of water to the treatment building and are located at a higher point on the site, taking advan-WDJH�RI�JUDYLW\�ÀRZ��:DWHU�WKDW�SDVVHV�WKURXJK�WKH�¿UVW�¿OWHUDWLRQ�phase continues through to the RO trains, which ¿OWHU�RXW�WKH�UHPDLQLQJ�HOHPHQWV��After post-treatment the desalinated potable water is stored in two large cylindrical tanks outside the treatment building, while the bi-product / brine water is displaced into the brine pond. The de-salinated water is disturbed to consumers off-site while the brine water is set to the outfall, returning to the ocean. 7KH�ZDWHU�ÀRZ�GLDJUDP�SUHVHQWHG�PLQLPL]HV�the length of water lines required. This plan also reduces the number of bends in the water lines, saving energy lost due to friction and turbulence.

Cal Poly – Graduate Research Studio – Desalination Plant for Monterey CA. Client: California American Water



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Project Summary

Up to siteTo feedwater storage*UDYLW\�¿OWHUV�WR�QDQR�¿OWHUVBackwash ponds to dischargeTo high pressure pumps

To 2nd pass or bypass7R�PHPEUDQH�ÀXVK�WDQNOut to brine discharge

On to post-stabilizationPump to storage To distributionBrine Pond and discharge

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Site:

Principal Use:

Buildings:

Equip. Slabs/Screens:

Charles Benson Rd.Marina, CaliforniaSite UndevelopedAgricultural and industrial within 1 mileTreatment BuildingAdministration BuildingMulti-media Filter AreaIdentity Screen

sq. ft.sq. ft.sq. ft.sq. ft.

9.4 mi north of Monterey, CA

21,60011,70016,80010,900

Electrical SubstationGeneratorSwitchgear, inside R.O.

sq. ft.sq. ft.sq. ft.

4,5002,1001,800

Tanks:

Ponds:

Free-Standing Pumps:

Feedwater TanksClearwellsBackwash SupplyBackwash WastewaterBrine StorageClearwell Pumps

gal.gal.gal.sq. ft.sq. ft.sq. ft.

2x500,0002x1,000,000

200,00030,00086,4001,500

Perimeter Fence:Roadway Gates:Security A/V:

Project perimeterPublic and Service EntryCampus wide surveilance

lin. ft.loc.

4,6903

Full Coverage

Supply of feedwater/DUJH�VDQG�¿OWHUVFeedwater tanksLoop to backwash&DWULGJH�¿OWHUV

First pass high pressureSecond pass feed pumpLoop to energy recovery

UV reactorPost treatment stageClearwell storageBrine from 1st and 2nd

Pumps at beach40 ft. x 8 ft. dia3XPSV�WR�FDWULGJH�¿OWHUVBackwash waste to pond5 microns or smaller

Pumps to R.O.or bypassAdd pressure to 1st pass

Disinfection stageAdd appropriate componentsFinished productCollection from R.O.

1stpass:

2nd pass:

3rd pass:

Treatment Builing:Administration Building:Main Courtyard:Identity Screen:Water Feature:

Suspended walkwayExhibition hallXeriscape exhibitFacade of Treatment BuildingThrough Main Courtyard

View Filtration and R.O.Exhibits by ownerLandscape in contractShows educational graphicsRecycling of test water

Rain harvesting:Xeriscape landscaping:Bioswales:Reduce grading:Reduce footprint:Prepare for Solar:

Entire roof, all structuresNo water after establishmentBioswales at all road edgesBuild to contoursOrganize by processStructural roof design

Landscape establishment

Also, permeable paving5HGXFH�¿OO��EDODQFH�VLWHMaximize undisturbed siteLayout and conduits for solar equip.

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DESALINATION PLANT, MONTEREY, CA Cal Poly Architecture and Environmental Design: Graduate Research Studio 65

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Scope and Site ComparisonsOriginal Conventional Design

Proposed Sustainable Design

SF of Buildings 50,100 sf 33,300sfCY Bulk Excavation 157,357cy 37,100cyPaving 211,400sf 48.112sf

Original Converntional Design

Sustainable Architecture Design

SF of Buildings CY Bulk Excavation Paving0

100sf

200sf

Scope Comparisons Diagram



PhilaU – Nexus Sprint Project – Major Media Company sponsored charrette for House of the Future


What academic environment enhances industry sponsored research?

College of Architecture and Environmental Design Masters Programs: M Architecture MS Architecture (High Performance Buildings) MS Sustainable Design MS Geodesign MS ConstrucQon Management(IPD) MS Interior Design Opportuni%es for Research: Industry – sponsored research Imbedded research (externships) University–wide Nexus Sprints CollaboraQons with other insQtuQons (Aalto University Design Factory)

Jonathan Massey California College of the Arts PROTOTYPING A NEW PROFESSION In the CreaQve Architecture Machines Studio, taught at California College of the Arts by Jason Kelly Johnson and Michael Shiloh, students test new arQculaQons between design and construcQon by prototyping roboQc assemblies that scan the environment, apply a design logic, and build through iteraQve mechanisms that combine digital and material feedbacks. This pedagogy uses advanced technology to teach students how they can fundamentally reimagine the design-‐and-‐construcQon process to address the scale and speed of contemporary development processes.

BUILD IT TOGETHER Jonathan Massey California College of the Arts

Jonathan Massey, “Risk Design,” The Aggregate website (we-aggregate.org), October 2013.

Oli Mould, “Mapping London’s Skyline,” taCity.co.uk, 27 January 2009.

Jason Kelly Johnson and Michael Shiloh Creative Architecture Machines Studio

California College of the Arts

Patricia Kucker University of CincinnaQ STEM The advent of 21st century technologies, coupled with the irreversible consequences of global climate change and the shicing urban needs for an expanding urban populaQon of 2.5 billion people delimit the core challenges that are defining the future of the discipline of Architecture. This short paper is an overview of the STEM Academy’s charter, and then promotes architecture’s evoluQon to a STEM discipline.

BTES 2015 ACSA – Toronto Patricia Kucker, University of CincinnaQ


Our problem is this: men live on the earth. Why? How? Others will answer

you. My task is to search, is to try to save these men of today from

misfortune, from catastrophes, to establish them in condi?ons of happiness,

of everyday happiness, of harmony. It concerns especially reestablishing or

establishing harmony between men and their environment.

Le Corbusier 1928


Abelardo Morell

btes at acsa march 2015

Education

building technology

construcqontechniqu

postcritical age toronto

tadenc captures

andbuil technologyeducaqon

buil energy