1. BUILDING MATERIALS By: TomsM. Baegil Collado

2. BUILDING MATERIALS esquema.jpeg INDEX 3. Compact Rocks sillares.jpg Stone blocks of Limestone , Marble, Granite, Slate, etc. mampuesto3.jpg Cutted in square shape. Medium size without cutting. Ashlar Masonry STONY MATERIALS(I) adoquines.jpg In walls In pavimentation Cobblestone Losas de pizzarra.bmp Flagstone 4. Disgregated Rocks Variable sizeFragments. Sillares STONY MATERIALS(II) Clay-ss-2005.jpg Clay GRAVEL~1.JPG Aggregate Fragments from the action of break down of other rocks. They can bethinorthick . Very little rock grains, chactericed by their property of absorbing water . 5. yeso.gif cal-viva.jpg

When theyre mixed

with water, they become doughty.

When they dry, they

become strong. Its obtained from the heating of limestone.Its used to paint walls or make bricks. Powdered mineral used to cover walls and ceilings. There are three tipes: black with impurities, whitewithout impurities and pure plaster. Lime Plaster COMPOSITE MATERIALS(I) 6.

Its the most used aggregate.

The most used tipe of cement isPrtland . It a

mixture of lime and clay, from which we obtain clnquer,then its pulverized and it becomes cement. COMPOSITE MATERIALS(II) cemento_seco_01.jpg Cement proceso elaboracion cemento (2).jpg

1-Quarry

7. 2-Crushing 8. 3-Prime matters 9. 4-Grinding of materials 10. 5-Homogenization 11. 6-Heat interchange 12. 7-Oven/ Cooler/ Clnquer 13. 8-Additions/ Grinding Elaboration process of Cement

9-Silos/ Bulk Cargo

14. 10-Packagging/ Shipping 15.

Its a mixture of aggregates, composite materials (such as cement) and water.

16. Before it gets hard, its a doughty material and can be putted inside a recipient, likeformings (encofrado). CONCRETE(I) Mass Concrete Its used for walls and cimentation. hormigon en masa.jpg Cyclopean Concrete It contains aggregates wich are more than 30 cm in diameter. Its also used in walls and cimentations. zapata horm.cicl.png 17. CONCRETE(II) Inside it , there are incorporated a structure of steel bars that can be tensed before the concrete gets hard ( Pre-stressed concrete ) or after it gets hard ( Post-tensed concrete ). Aerated_autoclaved_concrete_-_detail.jpg Reinforced Concrete Cellular Concrete (aerated) pilares horm.armado.jpg Before it gets hard, we add to the doughty concrete some chemicals that create air inside the material, making it lighter and improving the isolation propperties. 18. CERAMIC MATERIALS(I) Glazed Ceramic

Theyreprefabricated pieces of molded clay fired in kilns.

The procces of elaboration has two parts:Mixture & Molding ,and fire in continuous kilns .

_Pile_of_bricks_2005_Fruggo.jpg Bricks

Pieces of fired clay wich are prism shapedwith, or without holes.

ColocacionTejas.jpg Tiles

Pieces of fired clay used to cover roofs that make an aislation function.

azulejos.jpg

Squared pieces of fired clay wich the exterior part of them is covered with a vitrified cover wick makes it impermeable and make it look nice. Used for covering walls in kitchens and bathrooms.

19. CERAMIC MATERIALS(II) Porcelain

Its a mixture of clay, quartz and feldspar. Very resistant to erosion. Used to cover walls and paving.

Stoneware gres-porcellanato-a-secco-03.jpg inodoro-porcelana-ultimo-diseno-mod-co1007.jpg

Its a glazed ceramic material used for making sanitary elements for bathrooms.

roca5 porcelana.jpg 20. OTHER MATERIALS(I)

Its used as framewok of concrete, but also for girders, pillars and framework for roofs.

Copper Metals Steel Alluminium cerchas de acero.jpg carpinteria_aluminio.jpg

Its used for cross sections of doors and windows, handrails and closures.

cobre.jpg

Its used installations of water,gas and conditioning.

21. OTHER MATERIALS(II)

Its used in fewer constructions nowadays, but its used in roofs, doors, windows and covering of pavings and walls.

cubierta madera.jpg Wood tuberias_pvc_imagenes.jpg Plastic

Its more frequen to use this material nowadays. Its used for conductions of water, electric cables and as insulator.

escaleras-de-vidrio-coloreado.jpg Glass

Its used in windows, doors, as decoration, in pavings, etc. Its a mixture of soda, silica, lime and other substances.