cage and contemporaries... indeterminacy aleatoric (comes from alea, latin for dice) chance music

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Cage and contemporaries . . . Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

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Page 1: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Cage and contemporaries . . .

Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Page 2: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

The New Virtuosity of the Modern Age

Postwar Era

Page 3: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Techniques . . .

Pianists Col pugno (with the fist) Pluck strings of the inside of a piano

Violinists Tap, stroke or slap the instrument

Vocalists Whisper, shout, hiss, etc.

Instrumentalist Creative techniques to produce different sounds

Page 4: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Olivier Messiaen (1908-1992)“mystic and visionary”

Studied in Paris Feels that art is the ideal expression of religious

faith Love of nature (hear bird calls in his music) Was drawn to older music (Gregorian) Wrote organ, piano, vocal, orchestral music

Page 5: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Prisoner years

Wrote Quartet for the End of Time p. 632-633

Page 6: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Pierre Boulez (France) b. 1925“I think that music should be magic and collective hysteria”

Most important modern French composer Studied under Messiaen Fell under the spell of Debussy, then

Stravinsky . . . then Webern Serial composer “gentle lyricism” to “furious Expressionism”

Page 7: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Boulez The Hammer Without a Master

A suite of 9 movements based on poems (by Rene Char)

Scored for alto voice and 6 instrumentsAlto flute, guitar and viola (prominent)Also percussion instruments

Doesn’t try to make the words clear Nos. 1, 3, 7 (p. 637-638)

Page 8: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

George Crumb (b. 1929)

Received the 1968 Pulitzer Prize in Music Musical America “Composer of the Year” 2004 6 honorary degrees Grammy for Best Contemporary Composition

2001 Emotional music within contemporary framework

Page 9: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

Crumb’s Ancient Voices of Children

1970 Song cycle (5 songs and 2 instrumental

interludes) Poems by Federico Garcia Lorca Set for soprano, boy soprano, oboe, mandolin,

harp, electric piano and percussion Description of techniques, top of p. 641

Page 10: Cage and contemporaries... Indeterminacy Aleatoric (comes from alea, Latin for dice) Chance music

4’33”

p. 645