cell structure vocabulary. cell theory all organisms are made of one or more cells. the cell is the...
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Cell Theory
All organisms are made of one or more cells.
The cell is the basic unit of all living things.
All cells come from existing cells.
Prokaryotic Cells(Prokaryotes)
A cell that does not have an organized nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
Examples: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria- simple single celled organisms
Eukaryotic Cells(Eukaryotes) A cell that does have a membrane bound nucleus
and organelles. Eukaryotic cells are much more organized.
Examples: Plants, Fungus, Animals
Cell Membrane
A layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell. The cell membrane has control over that goes into and out of the cell.
Nucleus
Organelle that contains the DNA of the cell- The nucleus controls all of the cell’s actions and processes (“Brain”)
Cytoplasm
The gel-like fluid found inside the cell that contains all the organelles, it makes up most of the inside of the cell.
Organelle
The small “organs” or bodies found in a cells cytoplasm
Most of the rest of the vocabulary words
are organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
A series of folded membranes that assist in the production of proteins.
The ER’s main purpose is to move substances around inside the cell.
Ribosome
Often found on the ER the ribosomes actually make the proteins. These are the smallest and most abundant organelles found inside the cell.
Golgi Body- (Golgi Complex)
Packages, modifies, and distributes proteins throughout the cell and often outside the cell.
Mitochondria
The main power source of the cell. It breaks down sugars to produce energy for the cell.
Lysosome
Contain digestive enzymes that break down food particles.
Also destroys old and worn-out cell parts and helps get rid of the waste.
Cell wall
Found only in plant, fungi, and some bacteria cells. The cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane to give the cell structure and support.
Chloroplast
Organelles in plant and algae cells
where photosynthesis takes place.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll
which gives plants their green color.
Organ
A structure that is made up of two or more tissues working together to perform a specific function
Nuclear membrane
A membrane much like the cell membrane that surrounds the nucleus.
The nuclear membrane contains pores that allow messages to pass from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
Vesicle
A small sac that surrounds material to be moved into or out of the cell.
Material can be transported or simply stored inside these vesicles