centre for development informatics icts, climate change and development: overview concepts angelica...

Centre for Development Informatics

ICTs, Climate Change and Development:

Overview Concepts

Angelica Valeria Ospina & Richard Heeks


University of Manchester, UK

Climate Change, Innovation & ICTs Project: http://www.niccd.org



Why Use Frameworks?

• Understanding

• Communication

• Knowledge-Building:


BoP Shocks and Vulnerabilities

http://caglecartoons.com

Shocks

VulnerabilitiesIllness

Environmental Degradation

Personal Insecurity

Poverty

Food Insecurity

Water Shortage

Disaster

Physical Consumption

-Dematerialisation of Goods/Services

Journey Substitution

Physical Production

-Shift to Knowledge Economy

Energy Generation & Distribution

-Smart Power/Grid

Energy Use

Manufacture & Use:-ICTs (Green vs. Brown IT)-Smart Motors/Logistics-Smart Building Design-Smart Transport

e-Enabled:

-Carbon Markets

-Decision-Making

-Policy Networks

-Awareness/Capacity-Building

-Technology Transfer

-CC Data Capture

-CC Data Processing

-CC Data Presentation and Dissemination

Application Areas / CC Related Vulnerabilities

-Socio-Polítical

-Livelihoods & Finance

-Health

-Habitat

-Food (Agriculture)

-Water

ICTs Adaptation Role

-Measuring

-Informing & Networking

-Deciding:•Predicting (Risk, Early Warning)•Planning (inc. Local Mitigation)•Coping (Short-Term/ Disaster)•Adapting (Long-Term)

-Transacting

-Producing

-Mobility

Mitigation

(Causes)

Strategy

Monitoring

Adaptation

(Effects)

ICTs, Climate Change & Development: Overview Model


ICTs, Climate Change and Development: Value Chain

READINESS

Strategy

ICT Precursors-Data systems-Legal-Institutional-Human-Technological-Leadership-Drivers/Demand

ICT Inputs-Money-Labour-Technology-Values and Motivations-Political support-Targets

ICT Intermediates /

Deliverables-Locations (e.g. telecentres)-ICTs (e.g. PC, mobile)-Software applications

Outputs-New Communication Patterns-New Information & Decisions-New Actions & Transactions

Outcomes-Financial & other quantitative benefits-Qualitative benefits-Disbenefits

Climate Change Impacts

-Mitigation-Adaptation-Monitoring-Strategy

Implementation Adoption Use

Exogenous Factors

UPTAKE IMPACTAVAILABILITY

Sustainability

Scalability

WITHSTAND

RECOVER

What do we mean by

Resilience?

...TRANSFORM ADAPT

Ospina & Heeks (2011)

…to document & disseminate

experiences & traditional knowledge

Robustness

Rapidity

Assets, Institution

s & Structures

e-Resilience

…to access information on

loans, credit programs at meso

& macro levels

…to diversify livelihoods, consult seed

varieties, find out prices

…to speed up access to

information & mobilization of

resources …to receive remittances, access broader networks

and expertise…to implement participatory processes,

empowerment

…to strengthen

physical preparedness

& institutions

…to receive weather alerts &

prepare, mobilize

coordinate with neighbors

+ ICTs


Vulnera

bility

Dim

ensions

Self-organisation

Equality

Scale

Diversity

& Flexibility

Learning

Redundancy

Vulnerable System

e-Resilient System


How do we apply the principles of these models?

A practical example:

‘CC Adaptation, ICTs and Water’

-Livelihoods & Finance

-Socio-political Conditions

-Health

-Human Habitats & Migrations

-Food Security

-Biodiversity & Ecosystem Services

CHRONIC TRENDS

ACUTE SHOCKS

VULNERABILITY CONTEXT

CLIMATE CHANGE

WATER VULNERABILITY DIMENSIONS ADAPTATION

Adaptive

Capacity Adaptive

Actions

-Water Supply

-Water Demand-Water Availability

-Water Management-Water Governance

DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES

ICT Precursors

-Data systems-Legal-Institutional-Human-Technological-Leadership-Drivers/Demand

ICT Inputs

-Money-Labour-Technology-Values and Motivations-Political support-Targets

ICT Intermediates /

Deliverables

-Locations (e.g. telecentres)-ICTs (e.g. PC, mobile)-Software applications

Strategy

Enablers

Implementation

Constraints

Use

Adoption Sustainability

Scalability

READINESS AVAILABILITY UPTAKE IMPACT

CC Adaptation, ICTs and Water Model



WORKING GROUPS


Reflecting on ICCD Frameworks

For Each Framework:

- One thing that is good about the framework

- One way in which you might use the framework in your work

- One thing you would suggest changing about the framework


Useful Links

• NICCD Project Website: www.niccd.org

• Online Network on ICTs, Climate Change

& Development:

http://groups.google.co.uk/group/niccd

• Blog: http://niccd.wordpress.com/

• Sponsor: www.idrc.ca

centre for development informatics icts, climate change and development: overview concepts angelica...

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