全球化與台商企業回流之機制 -...
TRANSCRIPT
-
2004 5 28
-
1
1988
1996
-
2
-
3
*
**
1991
2004 2 343.09
1979 2003 12 708.5
367.71
671 61.44%
2002 53.382003
53.66
1
2003
2,950 46 216
7.32%
* 2004 5 28
**
-
4
12
portfolio
1
1991 237 174 9.52 1992 264 247 21.78
1993 9,329
8,067 3,168,411
2,028,046 40.71
1994 934 962,209 37.31 1995 490 1,092,713 44.61 1996 383 1,229,241 36.21
1997 8,725
7,997 4,334,313
2,719,771 35.82
1998 1,284
643 2,034,621
515,412 31.55
1999 488 1,252,780 27.71 2000 840 2,607,142 33.93 2001 1,186 2,784,147 38.8
2002 5,440
3,950 6,723,058
2,864,301 53.38
2003 10,105(8,268) 7,699,000(3,104,000) 53.66 39,705 34,309,000 47.00
2004 2 5
-
5
1960
Schive 1988
1970
1980
22001 2002
85%
2 %
+
1981 9.9 26.5 36.4 35.3 11.9 6.2 1.9 1983 9.5 25.9 35.4 36.1 11.6 6.9 1.9 1985 8.7 27.0 35.7 35.9 9.1 10.4 1.8 1987 6.9 26.7 33.6 33.5 11.4 13.2 1.9 1989 9.0 31.1 40.1 27.5 10.2 15.5 1.9 1991 9.5 37.0 46.5 22.0 8.5 16.1 2.1 1993 10.0 41.2 51.2 17.0 7.8 17.4 2.3 1995 13.4 43.7 57.1 12.3 6.0 18.9 2.1 1997 11.9 46.7 58.6 10.5 4.4 22.2 1.9 1999 11.7 49.4 61.1 9.2 4.1 22.2 1.7 2001 13.7 46.7 60.4 8.0 3.7 24.7 1.4 2002 15.0 45.3 60.3 7.1 4.7 24.7 1.5
92 4 30
-
6
3
3
1998 39.8 24.5 35.7 56.3 18.8 25.0
1999 30.7 29.8 39.4 47.2 16.8 36.0
2000 31.9 26.3 41.9 49.2 15.3 35.6
-
7
1950
1965
mandatory
1970
1.64 54%
1974
1993 32 2.5
1997 43 12 2002 67 28
24
-
8
2
1979 2003 5
46 5 45.68.9
8.37.33.9% 2003
1
1
OBU2
TDR
(1) OBU
OBUOffshore Banking Unit
1. 2. 3.
1-
-
9
4. 5. OBU 6.
2001 6 11
OBU
2002
2 8 OBU 1
OBU
4
5
OBU 2002 2003 2001
OBU
2002 -82003
32 14
25
OBU OBU
-
4
1 1
1990 19 0% - 1,270 6% -- 630 3% -- 18,650 89% 20,881 1991 54 0% 184% 2,018 9% 59% 723 3% 15% 20,176 86% 8% 23,543 1992 324 1% 500% 3,788 16% 88% 977 4% 35% 17,643 74% -13% 23,688 1993 -- -- -- 4,429 17% 17% 1,296 5% 33% 19,928 74% 13% 26,792 1994 -- -- -- 5,225 18% 18% 1,674 6% 29% 20,213 71% 1% 28,658 1995 1,020 3% -- 6,264 19% 20% 1,767 5% 6% 23,362 70% 16% 33,565 1996 1,403 4% 38% 7,139 20% 14% 2,576 7% 46% 23,421 64% 0% 36,590 1997 1,847 5% 32% 9,888 25% 39% 3,885 10% 51% 19,943 51% -15% 39,126 1998 2,678 7% 45% 11,871 29% 20% 4,223 10% 9% 19,174 47% -4% 40,632 1999 3,379 8% 26% 12,434 30% 5% 4,273 10% 1% 18,911 46% -1% 41,268 2000 3,281 7% -3% 13,769 29% 11% 3,831 8% -10% 24,528 52% 30% 47,337 2001 2,985 6% -9% 12,736 25% -8% 4,206 8% 10% 29,773 58% 21% 50,906 2002 2,899 6% -3% 12,261 24% -4% 2,896 6% -31% 27,454 55% -8% 50,318 2003 2,952 5% 2% 12,987 20% 6% 7,648 12% 164% 37,420 58% 36% 64,548
1. 1999 12
10
-
4
1990 631 3% 19,786 95% 20,881 1991 1,143 5% 81% 21,650 92% 9% 23,543 13% 1992 1,218 5% 7% 21,195 89% -2% 23,688 1% 1993 1,127 4% -7% 24,113 90% 14% 26,792 13% 1994 1,477 5% 31% 25,526 89% 6% 28,658 7% 1995 1,835 5% 24% 29,660 88% 16% 33,565 17% 1996 2,617 7% 43% 31,029 85% 5% 36,590 9% 1997 4,551 12% 74% 29,239 75% -6% 39,126 7% 1998 6,241 15% 37% 29,470 73% 1% 40,632 4% 1999 8,004 19% 28% 30,670 74% 4% 41,268 2% 2000 10,654 23% 33% 34,119 72% 11% 47,337 15% 2001 12,429 24% 17% 36,522 72% 7% 50,906 8% 2002 14,326 28% 15% 33,443 66% -8% 50,318 -1% 2003 16,307 25% 14% 44,288 69% 32% 64,548 28%
1
11
OB
U
90/06
90/11
1.
2.
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1.
2.
1.
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1.
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+
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91/0291/08
1. DBUDBU
2. OBU
1. DBUDBU
2. OBU
11
-
12
2 TDR
TDR
TDR
TDR
2 1 4%
2% 1000
1 10
1 6%
3% 1 2000
3
TDR
20 TDR TDR
18 TDR
TDR
TDR
2000 2003 15 2004 4 20
-
13
63 30 9
2
-
14
1.=/
2.2004 3
3.
()
()
1. 73
20%
20%
1.72%
3.84%
5.41%
12.44%
15.89%
11.19%
16.02%15.01%
2.83%2.95%3.20%
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
2
-
15
2.
3.
6 3
2004 3 2 11
5 6 3
7
2004 34 5
5
1 2002 4 8
2 2002 5 15
3 2002 11 7
4 2002 11 26
5 2003 1 20
6 2003 3 7
7 2003 4 9
-
16
1992 7
BISMinimum
Standards for the Supervision of International Banking Groups and Their
Cross-Border Establishments2
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
3
2 32003/11/12
-
17
1. WTO
2001 2002 WTO WTO
2006
WTO
2.
IOSCO
3.
2003 5 FASA4
2003 9 5 APEC
42003/04/14
-
18
5
2003 10
WTO
OBU
52003/09/06
-
19
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 19792003
8,069 179 189 6,156 138 167 7,632 173 158 8,433 211 171 11,363 258 183 14,213 420 181 230,548 4,262 2,287
(-7) (-4) (-10) (-24) (-23) (-12) (24) (26) (-5) (11) (22) (8) (34.7) (22.4) (7.2) (125.1) (62.6) (-1.2) (49.6) (45.2) (45.6)2,238 65 39 2,028 60 42 2,609 80 44 2,594 75 49 3,363 82 54 4,060 102 42 41,328 865 445
(2) (31) (20) (-10) (-7) (8) (29) (33) (4) (-1) (-6) (11) (29.6) (8.8) (10.7) (120.7) (24.6) (-22.6) (8.9) (9.2) 8.9
1,198 27 34 1,167 26 30 1,614 37 29 2,003 54 46 2,745 53 42 3,254 80 51 28,385 575 417
(-15) (-19) (-21) (-3) (-6) (-13) (38) (42) (-2) (24) (45) (57) (37.0) (-1.9) (-8.9) (118.5) (50.2) (20.6) (6.1) (6.1) (8.3)2,970 30 29 2,499 34 26 3,108 40 23 4,196 69 32 4,853 67 40 4,495 86 34 60,168 700 367
(-1) (6) (-11) (-16) (13) (-11) (24) (20) (-12) (35) (71) (38) (15.7) (-2.3) (24.1) (92.6) (27.0) (-14.9) (12.9) (7.4) (7.3)622 61 40 495 35 27 1,157 75 38 1,500 88 51 1,969 126 61 2,218 127 58 8,865 528 302
(50) (17) (135) (-20) (-43) (-33) (134) (116) (44) (6) (13) (11) (30.6) (43.7) (199) (112.6) (0.1) (5.6) (1.9) (5.6) (6.0)1,309 15 18 1,547 15 13 2,565 24 15 2,933 35 20 4,008 53 27 4,920 92 45 27,152 367 195
(-25) (-25) (-16) (18) (-10) (-29) (66) (61) (17) (14) (47) (32) (36.7) (50.9) (36.0) (122.8) (73.7) (65.0) (5.8) (3.9) (3.9)270 17 12 230 11 10 261 8 12 269 16 11 334 11 9 438 12 7 3,856 208 114
(-11) (16) (-37) (-15) (-35) (-11) (13) (23) (11) (3) (88) (9) (24.2) (-28.6) (-18.6) (131.1) (5.9) (-17.1) (0.8) (2.2) (2.3)208 24 7 196 9 14 293 29 10 275 10 13 352 9 9 451 14 9 3,499 155 89
(-6) (288) (-26) (-6) (-61) (86) (49) (209) (-24) (-6) (-66) (21) (4.4) (-8.5) (-28.6) (128.1) (52) (-7.7) (0.7) (1.6) (1.8)
19,799 521 455 16,918 412 403 22,347 624 407 26,139 692 468 34,171 827 527 41,081 1,151 535 465,276 9,432 5,014
(-6) (2) (1) (-15) (-21) (-11) (32) (51) (1) (17) (11) (15) (30) (19) (12) (120.2) (39.0) (1.4) (100) (100) (100)
-
20
1. -
2.
3. 2003/11/12 4. 2003/04/14 5. 2003/09/06 6. http://www.cbc.gov.tw/ 7. http://www.moea.gov.tw 8. http://www.sfc.gov.tw 9. Schive, C. Foreign Investment and Technology Transfer in Taiwan:
Past Experience and Future Potential, Industry of Free China 70(1988): 1-28.
-
21
2003
13 9,000
1,200
40%
50% 20%-50%
20%-30%IC() 30%
WTO
-
22
2003
13 9,000
1,200
40%
50% 20%-50%
20%-30%IC() 30%
WTO
2002
18.30% 4.02%
1989 0.04%
-
23
1989 1989
(
2002)
1989 2001 3.10%
12.58% 2.98% 1992
2001 40.55%
1989 2001 62.76% 60.10%
29.80%
1989
5.14% 2002 10 2.63% 2.51%
1989 4.24% 2002 11 3.35% 0.89%
2001 1989 0.12 2002
10 1992 4.78
-
24
2002
1989-2000
( 18.16%)
( 9.47%)( 8.21%
)( 8.10%)
( 3.61%)
( 1.54%
)( 1.10%)
( 0.68%)
( 0.61%)
( 12.23%)
( 9.82%)
( 6.47%)( 5.04%
)( 3.45%)
( 5.79%)( 3.79%
)( 1.99%
)
-
25
SEMI2004 307
256 2003 39 11
92 8,578 22
1 1,300
57 30 24
11 7
92 12 370
101,832 10.4 3.2
92
86 1,842.4 62 562
92 54
319.4 15 57
781.9 43.8 2,624.3
57 33
104 92 12 9,853
2.6
() 92
-
26
(1) 92 5,645 65.8
24 IC
29.9 24 15.543.7
16.9 30.1
(2) 1,348 15.7
11
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8.26.3 3.6
(3) 943 11 57
580 124.1 6.8
IC IC 56.1
47.5
(4) 564 6.6
0.9 15.3
5026.7
(5) 58 0.7 7
31.868.1
46.9 57.5
(6) 18.4 0.2 30
16.5 13
-
27
13.4 110.4
92 6
91 91 92 92
136 4,575 152 5,645 23.6
50 1,213 58 1,348 11.1
60 565 57 564 -0.1
56 600 59 943 57.2
15 54 18 58 7.4
18 14 26 18 30.0
335 7,055 370 8,578 22.3
()
92 843
23 348 2.4
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611 488 224
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92 6 /
91 92
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956 1,097 15
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329 488 48
583 611 5
176 224 27
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-
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92 6,126
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40 11.1
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17 14 13 8
3891 30 44 143
92
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5641 20 8111 21 44
2694 10 6542 17 143
4283 15 5383 14 26
4562 16 4964 13 9
1906 7 3135 8 65
92
91 92
7631 31 6381 29 -16
6792 27 4462 20 -34
1333 5 1823 8 37
964 4 1544 7 60
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1114 0.5 489 2 316
()
-
29
SIAIC Insights VLSI Research
2004 192732.8
ITIS 93 IC 31 93
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..
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..
-
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2.
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1.
-
31
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1.
2. (
)
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3. (
SBIR)
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-
32
1.
2.
3.
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5.
-
33
Great Disruption and Regain of the Commanding Heights
1989
6
7
6 92 463 17.4 355
24.55 109 8.6
244 13.4
http://www.trade.gov.tw/prc&hk/bi_ch/mo_index.htm
7 Robert Gilpin, The Political Economy of International Relations, New Jersey: Princeton University, 1987.
-
34
8
9
(The |Commanding Heights)10
(semi-peripheral) 11
8 1947 9 Robert Gilpin, The Political Economy. 10 Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw , THE COMMANDING HEIGHTS: THE BATTLE FOR THE WORLD ECONOMY, PBS, 2003. 11 (semi-peripheral) theoretical concept, (NICS).
-
35
12
13
12 Gilpin, 1987231. 13 1995
-
36
14
(Bringing the trade back in)
151995
1995 16
14 2004, 5, 19 , http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/4/5/19/n543089.htm 15 16 2003 4033 2066 http://www.dgbasey.gov.tw/dgbas03/bs8/mainland/EcosocTwCn.htm
-
37
17
18Other things being equal,
19
IPE GPE
out-sourcing 20
1990
17 18 , 91 06 12 19 10 (45130)(42840)(37430)(35950)(28520)(20970)(14020)(12660)(10920)(8630)http://usa.dongyu.net.cn/Education/College/foreignstudent.htm 20 The Economist, July 1983, 2004.
-
38
1910
1975
International Political Economy
1975
EUWBNAFTA
APECGATTWTO
Global Political Economy.
8100
1975
1978
,
1980
1989
-
39
1994 1997
1998 Long Term Capital Management
21 2002 ,
100
1980 1 2000 10
How entrepreneurship symmetricize with the Globalization core
WTOWBAPECNAFTA
21 Lenski 1950 10, 2002 , 100
-
40
1997 135 WTO
34
(de-linking)
22
21 (condensation)
(virtual community)
22 1997 12 01
-
41
23
Francis Fukuyama
500
Economic Capital
Social Capital
24
(Floating
space)(milieu)
(note)
23
2001(TKU) 24 Franscis Fukuyama, The Great Disruption: Human Nature and the Reconstitution,
-
42
(Fortune)INDOSOFT
I-sourcing
(centripetal force)
Graham, Carol (2001). "Winners and Losers Perspectives on Globalization from the Emerging Market Economies." Brookings Review, 19(4), Fall, 22-25 (http://mail.tku.edu.tw/113922/DL/Graham2001.pdf).
-
43
*
**
1987 1996 9
1997 7 15 2000 2001 8
(1)
23
*2004 5 28 **
-
44
1949
1996 9
-
45
-
46
(1949-1987)
(1987-1995)
(1996-2001)(2001 )
(1949-1987):
1949 1979
-
47
1979
1979
1979 4 4
=== ===
25
1985 7 4
1985
25
-
48
1987 8 29
(1987-1995):
1987
1985
26:
(1)1988 4 6
(2) 1988 8
(3) 1988 12 19
(4)1989 5
11 6 5
(5)1990 8 21
9 13
(6) 1991 8 20
11 9
(7) 1994 12 13
26 89 --- 26 5 84
-
49
1987 1995
27
1980
(Allen Whiting)
1988
1990 9
1991 1
2
90
80 90
=== ===
27
-
50
(1987-1995)
1995
(1996-2001):
(1)
1995
1988 1
281995 5
22
1995 7 18 7 21-28
60 1995 8 10
1995 8 15-25
90 1995 1996 3
11 15-25 3
8-25
28 1989 3 6-9 1994 2 9-16 1994 5 4-16
1995 4 1-4
-
51
1987
GDP
1996 8 15
291996 9 14
1996 12 23-28
1987
292003 78-79
-
52
(2)
1997
7
30
1.
2.
3. 5000
4.
5.
=== ===
1995
31
30 http://www.mac.gov.tw/index1.htm 31123
-
53
32
(2001 ):
2000
2001 8
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)(7)
33
11
(1)
WTO
32
(1) 2003 436-451(2) 89 --- 26 5 76-91 33 http://www.mac.gov.tw/index1.htm
-
54
34
(2)
35:
a.
b.
34 35 : http://www.mac.gov.tw/index1.htm
-
55
c.
d.
a.
b.
a.
20
20 40
b.
c.
-
56
(3)
36:
(Offshore Banking Unit, OBU)
a.
b.
36: http://www.mac.gov.tw/index1.htm
-
57
-
58
:12
3
(1)
1996
1995
371996
2000 2001
=== ===
38
1997 2001
2002
37 1990 5 21 1990 38 1993 7 29 1993
-
59
=== ===
1995
1996 2001
502002
=== ===
39 1993 1996
1997 2003
39
-
60
=== ===
(2)
1996
1997 2000
2001
=== ===
(1)(2)
(3)(4)
(5)
40
2000
40 2003 24
-
61
16 3
41
2000 42
2000 8200
7500 43
2000
2001
(3)
1987
41 42 2000 12 43 2000 11 10
-
62
1987 8 29
11
1988 7
1987
1987 1995
=== ===
1996 2001
1987 1995
19962001
4.20 1998 2001
2001
2001
2003
-
63
2001
1987
1949
2003
(1949-1987
)(1987-1995)
(1996-2001)
-
64
(2001 )
(1)
2
3
-
65
19791987
/ // 1979/01 1979/05
1.
2.
1980/03
1981/10
1.
2.
3.
4. 1983/04 1987/07
1.
2.
3.
4.
2003
197
-
66
19881995
/ // 1988/07/06
22
1988/12
1989/03
1989/05 12
1990/02/17
1990/02/04
1.
2.
3.
4.
1990/02/17 1.
2.
-
67
1991/01/28 1.
2.
3.
1991/07
1991/07/02
1992/11
1. 2.
1993/10/12
1.
2.
3.
1994/03/05
1994/04/1104/15
1.
2.
3.
4. 1
23
-
68
4
1995/01
2003 197-199
-
69
6,000
6,000 40
50 40
50 100 50 *40-50 *30
100 50 *40
50 *30-100 *20
2001 7 597
-
70
(Unit)(US$1,000)
Current Period
1990-2003
1990~ 2003 Cumulative
Period
Cases
Growth rate
Amount
Growth rate
Cases
Amount
1990 15,815 --- 18,904 --- 15,815 18,904
1991 57,706 264.88 82,018 333.87 73,521 100,922
1992 90,290 56.47 204,473 149.30 163,811 305,395
1993 73,665 -18.41 238,343 16.56 237,476 543,738
1994 99,665 35.29 350,107 46.89 337,141 893,846
1995 104,326 4.68 391,088 11.71 441,467 1,284,934
1996 107,966 3.49 378,554 -3.20 549,433 1,663,488
1997 113,349 4.99 425,132 12.30 662,782 2,087,620
1998 103,967 -8.28 350,975 -17.44 766,749 2,439,594
1999 122,180 17.52 365,103 4.03 888,929 2,804,697
2000 142,666 16.77 511,050 39.97 1,031,595 3,315,748
2001 172,572 20.96 678,067 32.68 1,204,167 3,993,815
2002 234,946 36.14 941,371 38.83 1,439,113 4,935,185
2003 328,541 39.84 1,405,363 49.29 1,767,654 6,340,548
http://www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/Eco-Month/home.htm
-
71
(Unit)(US$1,000)
Current Period
1993-2003
1993~ 2003 Cumulative
Period
Cases
Growth rate
Amount
Growth rate
Cases
Amount
1993 505 ----- 15,898 ----- 505 15,898
1994 2,521 399.21 100,397 531.51 3,026 116,295
1995 3,954 138.80 151,676 51.08 6,980 267,971
1996 9,442 138.80 281,658 85.7 16,422 549,629
1997 8,195 -13.21 333,079 18.26 24,617 882,707
1998 10,196 24.42 378,334 13.59 34,813 1,261,041
1999 11,129 9.15 477,485 26.21 45,942 1,738,526
2000 18,301 64.44 697,570 46.09 64,243 2,436,096
2001 26,880 46.88 1,012,726 45.18 91,123 3,448,822
2002 56,121 108.78 1,578,502 55.87 147,244 5027,324
2003 117,523 109.41 4,671,147 195.923 264,767 9,698,471
http://www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/Eco-Month/home.htm
-
72
(Unit)(US$1,000)
Current Period
1993-2003
1993~ 2003 Cumulative
Period
Cases
Growth rate
Amount
Growth rate
Cases
Amount
1993 809 ---- 26,132 ----- 809 26,132
1994 2,342 189.49 88,627 239.15 3,151 114,759
1995 1,143 -51.20 78,164 -11.81 4,294 192,923
1996 1,673 46.37 94,216 20.54 5,967 287,139
1997 3,076 83.86 208,362 121.15 9,043 495,501
1998 4,839 57.31 293,126 40.68 13,882 788,627
1999 8,013 65.59 509,029 73.66 21,895 1,297,657
2000 20,790 159.45 770,294 51.33 42,685 2,067,951
2001 34,470 65.80 1,249,821 62.25 77,155 3,317,772
2002 48,397 40.40 2,254,518 80.39 125,552 5,572,291
2003 110,493 128.31 6,022,060 167.11 236,045 11,594,350
http://www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/Eco-Month/home.htm
-
73
(1993-2003)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
-
74
(Unit): (US$million), %
Approved by Ministry of Economic Affairs, ROC Official Data from Mainland China
(%)
Period Cases Amount Average Amount
Projects Average Amount
Realized Amount Realization Ratio
1991 237 174.16 0.73 3,446 0.81 844.00 30.33 1992 264 246.99 0.94 6,430 0.86 1050.00 18.94
1,262 1,140.37 0.90 10,948 0.91 3139.00 31.50 1993* (8,067) (2,028.05) (0.25) 1994 934 962.21 1.03 6,247 0.86 3391.00 62.85 1995 490 1,092.71 2.23 4,778 1.21 3162.00 54.73 1996 383 1,229.24 3.21 3,184 1.61 3475.00 67.59
1997* 728 1,614.54 2.22 3,014 0.93 3289.00 116.88 (7,997) (2,719.77) (0.34)
1998* 641 1,519.21 2.37 2,970 1.00 2915.00 97.75 (643) (515.41) (0.80)
1999 488 1,252.78 2.57 2,499 1.35 2598.70 77.01 2000 840 2,607.14 3.10 3,108 1.30 2296.28 56.81 2001 1,186 2,784.15 2.35 4,214 1.64 2979.94 43.10
1,490 3,858.76 2.59 4,853 1.39 3970.64 58.90 2002
(3950.00) (2864.30) (0.73)
1,837 4,594.99 2.50 4,495 1.90 3,377.24 39.46 2003 (8,268) (3,103.80) (0.38) 2004 1
Accumulated to Jan. 2004
31,360* 34,810.48* 1.11
: 1.( ) 35
2. * : 1. 2.
-
75
(Unit) : (US$million)
(%) * (%) (%) 1984 425.5 1.4 127.8 0.58 553.3 1.06
1985 986.8 3.21 115.9 0.58 1,102.7 2.17
1986 811.3 2.04 144.2 0.6 955.5 1.49
1987 1,226.5 2.28 288.9 0.83 1,515.4 1.71
1988 2,242.2 3.7 478.7 0.96 2,720.9 2.47
1989 3,331.9 5.03 586.9 1.12 3,918.8 3.31
1990 4,394.6 6.54 765.4 1.4 5,160.0 4.23
1991 7,493.5 9.84 1,125.9 1.79 8,619.4 6.2
1992 10,547.6 12.95 1,119.0 1.55 11,666.6 7.6
1993 13,993.1 16.47 1,103.6 1.43 15,096.7 9.32
1994 16,022.5 17.22 1,858.7 2.18 17,881.2 10.02
1995 19,433.8 17.4 3,091.4 2.98 22,525.2 10.46
1996 20,727.3 17.87 3,059.8 3.02 23,787.1 10.95
1997 22,455.2 18.39 3,915.4 3.42 26,370.6 11.15
1998 19,840.9 17.94 4,110.5 3.93 23,951.4 11.13
1999 21,312.5 17.52 4,522.2 4.09 25,834.7 11.12
2000 25,009.9 16.87 6,223.3 4.44 31,233.1 10.84
2001 21,945.7 17.86 5,902.2 5.5 27,847.9 12.1
2002 29,446.2 22.56 7,947.4 7.06 37,393.6 15.39
2003 35,357.7 24.52 10,962.0 8.61 46,319.7 17.07
: 1.
http://www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/Eco-Month/home.htm
2. *1993 1994
-
76
Joan Spero44
: () () :()
()
(James Kelly)
:
44 Joan E. Spero, The Politics of International Economic Relations. New York: St. Martins Press, 1981.
-
77
2002519:
45
(international)(regional)(national)
:
45 : 91.5.19. p. 2.
-
78
46 ?
Joan Spero47
: () () :()
()
SperoHart(Trade policy is
the stuff of domestic politics.) 48 Spero
46 1997.5.6-7. p. 6. 47 Joan E. Spero, The Politics of International Economic Relations. New York: St. Martins Press, 1981. 48 Joan E. Spero and Jeffrey A. Hart, The Politics of International Economic Relations. New York: St.
Martins Press, 1997. 5th edition. p. 49.
-
79
49
I. II. III.
49 Joan E. Spero, The Politics of International Economic Relations. New York: St. Martins Press, 1981.
pp. 4-12.
-
80
Spero
: () () ()
()
WTO
517
5052051
50 93.5.17. p. A1. 51 93.5.21. p. 1.
-
81
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1. : 1. :
2. : 2. :
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. : 5.
:
-
82
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2003 3
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:
80
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-
83
:
:
: : : : :
:
3.
:
4.
-
84
5 17
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53
(James Kelly)
54
()
55
52 93.5.17, p. A1. 93.5.21,
p. A13. :93.5.25, p. A2. 53 5 24 :
54 US warns Taiwan on independence moves, Reuters, 4/21/2004. US cautions Taiwan on
independence. President is warned not to provoke China. Washington Post, 4/22/2004. 55 12/22/2003.
-
85
56
?
57
58
3
:
()
1. 2. 3.
1. 2.
()
1. 2. 3. 4.
1. 2. 3.
56 : ?10/13/2003.
10/28/2003. 57 93.5.18. p. A13. 5 8
93.3.31. A6. 93.4.11. p. A13. 58 93.4.5. p. A2.
93.4.5. P. A2.
-
86
Spero Hart
()
-
87
:
Joan E. Spero and Jeffery A. Hart, The Politics of International Economic Relations.
New York: St. Martins Press, 1997. 5th edition. Joan E. Spero, The Politics of International Economic Relations. New York: St.
Martins Press, 1981. Joan E. Spero : 83 US warns Taiwan on independence moves, Reuters, 4/21/2004. US cautions Taiwan on independence. President is warned not to provoke China.
Washington Post, 4/22/2004. 2002
91 5 30-31 93.5.18. p. A13. 93.5.7. p. A1. 93.5.7. p. A12. 93.5.5. p. A2. : 93. 5.5. p. C7. 93. 5.3. p. C7. 93.5.3. p. B1. : 93.4.13. p. A14. ?93.4.11. p. A13. 93.4.6. p. A13. 93.4.5. p. A2. 93.4.5. p. A2. 5 8 93.3.31. A6. 93.3.21. p. A11. 320 93.3.21. p. 5. 93.3.21. p. C3. 12/22/2003. ?10/13/2003. 10/28/2003.
-
88
70%
-
89
New York Times
59 Ian Williams Asian Times
60 7-10%
New York Times
3 14
SARS 61New York Times
3
62
59 New York Times, January 18. and John Chan, Analysts warn China on verge of economic crisis, February 18, 2004. see www.wsws.org/articles/2004/feb2004/chin-f18.shtml - 23k 60 Ian Williams ,China-US: double bubbles in danger of colliding, Asian Times, January 22, 2004. 61 SARS2004 3 15 finance.tom.com/1001/1002/2004315-46702.html - 32k 62 ()2004 3 5 news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-03-05/08522994872.shtml - 50k
-
90
42.4 65
14852
83.6
70%63
64
65
66
63 2000-2010 ()2000 11 48 64 2003 6 7 65 China's Economy Faces 'Interesting Times', Emerging Markets Monitor, 3/29/2004, Vol. 9 Issue 48, p. 5. 66 2001 www.epochtimes.com/b5/1/2/1/n41863.htm 2002 11 10 www.southcn.com/news/ztbd/16thcpc/ report/200211130741.htm - 36k
-
91
-
92
23%
23% 38.8%
13.2%
2%%
63%33%
60
40
40
67
25% 3%
5% 17%
68
67 1999 www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/InvCina/ 199904-062/199904-043.html 68
-
93
69
81.5%
29.9%
35.4% 34.7%
82.2%95.1%84.5%
83.7%
70
71
69 1999 3 5 www.asiademo.org/1999/03/19990305a.htm 70 2002 210.72.32.6/cgi-bin/bigate.cgi/b/g/g/[email protected]/ tjfx/ztfx/yj16da/200210080042.htm 71 2002 3 5 big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ misc/2002-03/05/content_300931.htm
-
94
72
2780
73
74
75
40
7076
72 2002 3 27 news.bbc.co.uk/hi/chinese/china_news/ newsid_1897000/18972271.stm - 27k 73 2003 2003 12 31 finance.qianlong.com/26/2003/12/31/[email protected] - 29k 74 -- 19992002 www.chinesenewsweek.com/95/Feature/7570.html 75 (2002 )2002 www.toronto.ocac.net/download/ %A4%A4%B0%EA%A4j%B3%B0%A4H%C5v%AA%AC%AAp%B3%F8%A7i--%A5%FE%A4%E5.doc2002 www.chinesenewsweek.com/95/Feature/7606.html 76 2002 3500 (2002 )2002 www.toronto.ocac.net/download/ %A4%A4%B0%EA%A4j%B3%B0%A4H%C5v%AA%AC%AAp%B3%F8%A7i--%A5%FE%A4%E5.doc
-
95
3.3
77
78
62.4
77 2002 www.chinesenewsweek.com/95/Feature/7606.html 78 2000 sd.thnet.gov.cn/SIXIANG/ZHIDU/1-02-2.htm
-
96
64.1
71.880.882.281.7
5758.361.963.7
42
57.1
36.8
105
98.6101.6106.9
95.2 86.9
88.2 7579
79 2001 www.lzisti.net.cn/cpcxfw/gqgg/gq82.htm
-
97
80
1
(%) ()
1987 13.0 61.0
1988 10.9 81.9
1989 16.0 180.2
1990 27.6 348.8
1991 25.8 367.0
1992 23.4 369.3
1993 30.3 486.0
1994 33.0 448.0
1995 33.5 540.6
1996 37.7 726.7
1997 65.9 N/A
1998 68.7 3066.5
1999 53.5 2144.9
2000 50.7 1846
2001 51.2 1993.6
: 1987-1996 87 6 1997-2001 2003 9 3http://www.worldbank.org.cn/Chinese/content/ownership_ch.pdf
80 ()2003 12 12
-
98
81
50-68%
,,
8.282
,
81 21.9% 907.4()2000 3 82 1999 3 471998
2001 5 24 www.epochtimes.com/gb/3/2/4/n272804.htm - 29k
-
99
40%
15% 90% 10%
83
20
520
3084
85
15 70 50
85
85
86
83 2003 5 30 big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ fortune/2003-05/30/content_893599.htm 84 2003 2 17 big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/www.yn.xinhuanet.com/ ynnews/2003-02/17/content_223339.htm 85 2000-2010 48 86 48
-
100
87
87 2003 9 16 202.130.245.40/chinese/FI-c/404771.htm
-
101
88
89
90
91
88 2003 www.takungpao.com.hk/news/2003-3-11/cn4-112876.htm
- 49k 89 China: SOE Reform To Test Hu Government, Stratfor, May 27 2003, see www.stratfor.com/corporate/Story.neo?storyId=217984 - 36k 90 ()2003 8 12 91 2003 big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ ziliao/2003-01/24/content_705238.htm
-
102
92
93
()
94
12883
6860 12883 11577 10465
10415.19 8313.08 7375 7101
5850
92 2000 211.99.196.217:89/gate/big5/www.fmprc.gov.cn/ chn/1954.html 93 2003 202.130.245.40/chinese/zhuanti/twtq/393184.htm 94 2002 210.72.32.6/cgi-bin/bigate.cgi/b/g/g/[email protected]/ tjfx/ztfx/yj16da/200211040057.htm
-
103
14117 4.14 2000
9596
97
10 11 12 250
98 50
11 20
50 20
99
95 2002 big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ fortune/2002-03/05/content_301146.htm 96 2004 3 21 www.xslx.com/htm/jjlc/hgjj/2004-03-21-16437.htm - 34k 97 2002 98 2004 4 3 beijingspring.com/bj2/2004/140/200433194730.htm - 12k
2003 12 19 www.huanghuagang.org/library/nongmin_zuzhi.htm - 8k 99 2003 12 19 www.huanghuagang.org/library/nongmin_zuzhi.htm - 8k
-
104
64%100
101
%102
103
20012001
47740.02 ()
7237745 15.16% 28460.01
21643171 7.60%
12939.88 14722952 11.37%
100 2002 www.chinanews.com.cn/2002-09-25/26/226309.html - 15k 101 2002 12 20 102 2003 3 8 http://www.chinanews.com.cn/n/2003-03-08/26/280250.html 103 2003 www.chinanews.com.cn/n/2003-03-18/26/283816.html
-
105
104
()
105
106
107
108
104 2003 7 7 www.stats.gov.cn/tjshujia/zggqgl/1200307080225.htm 105 2001 www.qglt.com/wsrmlt/jbft/2001/03/hag.html 106 2003 www.chinanews.com.cn/n/2003-03-18/26/283816.html 107 ()1994 10 6 108 1994
-
106
109
110
111
112
10 21 109 1993 359-361 110 2003 3 4 www.epochtimes.com/b5/3/3/5/n282637.htm 111 1999 www.future-china.org/spcl_rpt/cc_y50/rpt_8809_4.htm 112 1999 11 30 fires.uhome.net/politic/zrz/zrz056.htm
-
107
113
7.9
()
0.59% 1.28%
114
115
113 2001 www.epochtimes.com/b5/1/2/1/n41863.htm 114 1994 2003 book.sina.com.cn/shenzhen/2003-09-09/3/17405.shtml 115 2000 www.chinafiw.com/e_m/site/ mysystem390.asp?trans_infoid=369
-
108
116
()
(The International Finance
Corporation)
117
118
(WTO)
()
116 1994 www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/InvCina/ 199408-007/199408-011.htm 117 2003 3 4 www.epochtimes.com/b5/3/3/5/n282637.htm 118 2002 10 14 www.future-china.org/fcn/ideas/fci20021014.htm
-
109
119
120
121
GDP
GDP 54.14%
52.60% GDP 43.08% 40.59%
119 ()1999 6 120 1999 fires.uhome.net/politic/zrz/zrz059.htm 121 1999 5 20 forums.chinatimes.com.tw/report/president/88052004.htm
-
110
88.14% 91.62% 85.53%
86.88%122
123
124
122 2003 www.jsetc.gov.cn/ShowRelationlist.jsp?Article_ID=9564 123 2002 www.gzii.gov.cn/middle2/jjrd/07/72306.htm 124 2002 www.cashq.ac.cn/html/Dir/2002/10/31/0858.htm
-
111
125
126
(
)
70
127
128
(11 ) 11 25076.3
67.13 8 7519.9 20.13
4757.1 12.74
125 2001 12 31 law.xz.gov.cn/rdjj/020001123101.htm 126 2003 2 9 big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ fortune/2003-02/09/content_720763.htm 127 2004 3 21 www.xslx.com/htm/jjlc/hgjj/2004-03-21-16437.htm - 34k 128 2003 3 19 www.scuec.edu.cn/hkb/info/ztjz1.htm
-
112
129
130
60%
25%131
132
129 21 2004 2 14 news1.jrj.com.cn/news/2004-02-17/000000750333.html - 39k 130 2000 9 13 www.gzii.gov.cn/left/jjzh/xbdkfzl/3wsmkf/171.htm 131 2003 9 16 202.130.245.40/chinese/FI-c/404771.htm 132 2003 bbs.people.com.cn/bbs/ ReadFile?whichfile=7774&typeid=41
-
113
133
134
133 ()2003 7 7 134 ()1994 5 6
-
114
135
135 2003 7 2 big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ fortune/2003-07/02/content_949844.htm
-
115
136
Totalitarianism
Civil Society
136 1993 7 16-17
-
116
137
138
137 2001 www.zjonline.com.cn/node2/node43163/ node44849/userobject12ai453230.html 138 2002 www.epochtimes.com/b5/2/2/8/n169373.htm
-
117
:
:
2004 5 8
-
118
40%
1991 1,210.1 2003 4,383.7
2.62 FDI 1994
2003 FDI 338 535
4,379 IMF FDI
2002 FDI
FDI
1989 56
2003 4,032
139
139 0405 2004.3.1
http://news.cier.edu.tw/Y04/0301/epaper.htm
-
119
1994
2002
5.1%17.9% 17.0% 18.5%39.4% 62.9%
IMF 1994 1 2002 9
13.9% 21.5%140 2002 2
IMF
2.816.5 5.2
62003
10
15 11
QFII() 12
QFII
141
142
1402003.4.5 81
66-69 141 0308 2003.9.1http://news.cier.edu.tw/content/list_142.htm 142 2004.4.29 http://udn.com/NEWS/FINANCE/FIN5/1984404.shtml
-
120
QDII()
ADBIFCWorld
Bank
70
43 70
143
144
143 3 144
-
121
145
1994
1:8
1:15 20
146
:
%
%
1 2 3 4
1994
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
100
185
203
224
246
271
298
328
361
397
436
480
528
581
639
703
773
100
150
160
172
184
196
210
225
241
258
276
295
316
338
361
386
414
8.6
13
13.97
14.94
16
17.11
18.3
19.6
21
22.4
24
25.68
27.47
29.4
31.46
33.66
36
2
3.54
3.89
4.28
4.77
5.18
5.7
6.27
6.9
7.59
8.35
9.79
10.1
11.11
12.23
13.45
14.8
8.6
9.68
9.88
10.1
10.3
10.5
10.7
10.9
11.12
11.35
11.57
11.8
12
12.28
12.53
12.8
13
8.6
7.3
7
7.35
7.77
8.1
8.6
8.93
9.38
9.84
10.34
10.85
11.4
12
12.57
13.2
13
:1996.
131-134.
1452004.2. http://www.npf.org.tw/ 146
1996. 131-134.
-
122
:
-
123
:
5%
(John Williamson)
20-25%
10%
10%
10-15%
5-7%
7-8%
(Pieter Bottelier)
15-25%
147 5-15%
::2004.3
6
148
147
2004.3.12 http://www.npf.org.tw/ 148
-
124
149
Morris Goldstein
Nicholas LardyTwo-Stage Currency Reform
For China
15-25%5-7%
150
:
2001 2002WTO
WTO
149 Sam BakerSam Baker and Chen-yuan TungRevaluethe Yuan Asian Wall Street Journal, March 16, 2004, A. 11. 150 Goldstein, Morris, and Nicholas Lardy,.Two-Stage Currency Reform for China, Asian Wall Street Journal. SEP.12.2003
-
125
WTO
MTN
GATTGATSTRIPS
WTO
WTO GATTGATS
TRIPS
151
WTO GATSTRIPS
GATS
WTO 1999
151WTO
2002.12
-
126
2002 2003
183745.94
23% 19% 15%2004
30%()
:
2003 1%
16% 0.2% 18%
2.2% 25% 5.3%
34%
1990
2000
2003
8.7% 11.2%
13% 0.7% 25%
0.2% 10%
2.7% 110% 2002 2001
2003 ()
-
127
100
1995
2000 310 2003
251
2003
85.5 26.9% 4495 33.7
7.3% 14.9%
:
()
(
)
()
(%)
()
(
)
(
)
1991 237 1.74 73.48 9.52 * 3,884 * 35.37 * 11.05
1992 264 2.47 93.56 21.78 6,430 55.43 10.50
1,262 11.40 90.33 40.71
1993
8,067 20.28
10,948 99.65 31.39
1994 934 9.62 103.02 37.31 6,247 53.95 33.91
1995 490 10.93 223.00 44.61 4,778 57.77 31.62
1996 383 12.29 320.95 36.21 3,184 51.41 34.75
728 16.15 221.78 35.82
1997
7,997 27.20
3,014 28.14 32.89
-
128
641 15.19 236.97 31.55
1998
643 5.15
2,970 29.82 29.15
1999 488 12.53 256.72 27.71 2,499 33.74 25.99
2000 840 26.07 310.36 33.93 3,108 40.42 22.96
2001 1,186 27.84 234.74 38.80 4,196 69.00 29.79
1,490
38.58
259
2002
3,950 28.64 73
53.38 4,853 67.40 39.70
2003 1,837 45.94 251 46.97 4495 85.58 33.77
29,113 312.02 107 4697 60,623 706.29 365.06
1991 1993 1997
( )
:
:
Marshall-Lerner
condition
-
129
152
2003
9 1=6.73
1=8.28
23%
(
/)
()GDP 3.3% GDP
0.77%(1.45%)(0.83%)(ASEAN)
0.13%153
2003
62% 34%
152 :1986 295-298 153 92 2003.11 7-8
-
130
154
//
SARS
155()
FDI
156
20%
200 100
154 2003.1.2 155 2003.10.30 http://taiwan.cnet.com/enterprise/research/0,2000062910,20084862,00.htm
156 2.
-
131
157
5 2002
65
158
:() () :
: : :
157 117 2003.11. 158 15
-
132
()
159
:
()
:
159 :2004.3 171-190
-
133
NDF()NDO()
RD
:
2002
-
134
2003 9 10 9
QDII
6,000 20,000
QFII
2004 4
70
:
-
135
FDI
160
160
10%
:
2004.3 27-42
-
136
-
137
Las Vegas
Orlando
()
(IMD)
23
-
138
(WTO)
John Friedmann
(Global City)
Michael Porter
(World Competitiveness Yearbook)
-
139
Friedmann
(1986)(The World City Hypothesis)
1. (Major financial center);
2. (International institutions);
3. (Important manufacturing center);
4. (Rapid growth of business service sector);
5. (Major transportation node);
6. (Headquarters for TNCs);
7. (Population size).
1
-
140
1
-
141
Michael Porter
1. (Low-Cost Leadership)Nobody does it cheaper
1 (
)
0.20% 1.05%
1
955,897 672,098 641,952 850,319 737,772 634,707 623,671
1 4 5 2 3 6 7
237,813 122,768 110,323 161,844 158,675 124,456 124,400
1 6 7 2 3 4 5
2. (Differentiation)Nobody made it better
2001/9 2
9.2%
1.5%
-
142
2
1 10.7 2 9.2 3 6.7 4 5.8 5 5.7 6 4.7 7 4.6 8 4.3 9 4.3 10 4.1 11 3.9 12 3.8 13 3.8 14 3.3 15 3.1 16 3.0 17 2.9 18 2.9 19 2.8 20 2.8 21 2.7 22 2.6 23 2.4
2001/9 100
3. (Focus): Made especially for you
-1
23
-
-
143
-
144
4. (Location)Location matters
()
-
145
Las Vegas Orlando
Las
Vegas
Orlando
(a) Las Vegas 20
2000
(b) Orlando 1
2
Legoland Disney 3
-
146
:
[
]
3 2
(1)E
(2)
(3)
(4)
-
147
(5)
(6)
e
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
-
148
3
91-96
342.5 0.0 -
224.9 0.0 -
965.9 676.0 158.9
2254.0 685.9 241.7
757.0 90.6 -
357.7 0.0 3644.0
128.0 89.8 299.0
6052.9 1703.0 4795.8
2470.7 178.6 81.5
325.5 0.0 -
13879.1 3423.9 9220.9
E
2%
2%
16%
5%
3%
1%
44%
18%
2%
7%
2
-
149
[]
(synergy)
(cluster)
()
Michael Porter
Michael Porter (On Competition)
3
-
150
.
3
** *
-
151
1
2 23
23
IMD
5 52 88 90
23
IMD 4
5
1. (Economic Performance)2. (Government Efficiency)3.
(Business Efficiency)4. (Infrastructure)5. (Technologic
Infrastructure)52 1
2 6
23
IMD
Standard Deviation Values
-
152
=s
XX
X X s
s
NXXs
2)( = N
-1
Rank IMD 52
1
90 52
1
289,229 ( 220,223 )
2
737,772 955,897
3
288,990 291,571 133,745
4
6.48 ( 7.68 )
-
153
5
() 22.4%( 21.73% 25.64%)
6
40,370 167,510 30,740
7
402,000 1,110,000
8
57.84%( 60.3% 53.2%)
9-
72.14 79.36
10-
41.52 53.87 26.68
11-25-44
25 44 65.13 60.03
12
4.71%( 5.1%)
1
-
154
41.2
27.1
2-
21.6
( 16.4 )
3-
16.9 (
16.96 )
4
83.91
( 47.83 )
5
36.93
( 48.08)
6
83.73
( 93.76 78.01)
7-
6.77
16.91 5.12
-
155
8-
56.39
73.98
9-
68.66
( 83.55 50.95 )
10
44.73( 72
43.1)
11
42.02( 63.32
)
12
171.02
37.8
13
5.58
20.04 1.34
14
-
156
11.44
12.03 8.42
15
59.67%(
100.00%)
1
1.6 ( 0.40
2.65 )
2
3,834
343
3
1,012,499
1,552
4
57,781
191,616
5
789,247
-
157
6,440,411
615
15 36.05
44.82 21.44
1
10.73
(-9.97)
2
43%( 37.40%
45.32%)
3
28.14%
( 51.58%)
4
5.33( 7.36)
5
8.43 2.37
-
158
6
4314.48
919.67
7
0
0 5.78
8
91.82
121.61 72.64
9
84.14 (
41.01 )
10
84.62%( 87.65%)
11
97.34 99.88
96.81
12
-
159
3.65 (
11.82 3.61 )
13
12.86 (
8.62 14.18 )
1
847.6
880.7 541.3
2
75.78%(
90.78%)
3
441.8
475.8 405.1
4
0.76%
( 1.13% 0.74%)
5
-
160
171.4 (
199.0 152.3 )
6
208 ( 240
150 ).
88 90
4 15
1. 4 88 90
88 89 90
10 89
2. 5
11
88 89 90
3. 6 88
90
12 88 90 89
4. 7
88 89 90
-
161
13
5. 8 88 89
90
14 88 89 90
6. 9 88 90
15
88 89 90
10 15 Geographical
Information System
4 9
-
162
Las Vegas
Orlando
()
(IMD)
23
-
163
4
88 89 90
78.9 5 79.1 5 78.0 7
81.9 3 84.2 3 86.6 3
90.7 2 87.0 2 89.5 2
77.9 6 76.2 7 78.9 5
76.2 7 77.3 6 78.1 6
100.0 1 100.0 1 100.0 1
80.8 4 80.7 4 83.2 4
5
88 89 90
86.3 2 91.1 2 91.4 2
81.2 4 82.8 4 83.8 5
77.6 7 81.3 7 81.4 7
79.4 5 81.4 6 84.4 4
77.8 6 82.7 5 83.6 6
100.0 1 100.0 1 100.0 1
81.8 3 83.6 3 85.0 3
-
164
6
88 89 90
87.8 7 87.8 7 87.7 7
92.2 4 93.6 4 92.4 4
97.9 2 97.6 2 97.7 2
90.7 6 91.6 5 92.0 5
95.5 3 96.0 3 95.8 3
100.0 1 100.0 1 100.0 1
90.7 5 91.5 6 91.4 6
7
88 89 90
89.7 6 91.8 7 87.2 7
91.1 5 94.6 5 95.2 5
100.0 1 100.0 1 100.0 1
92.4 4 95.8 4 99.6 2
96.5 2 97.1 2 96.5 4
88.4 7 92.2 6 87.8 6
94.5 3 96.5 3 98.9 3
-
165
8
88 89 90
91.7 6 87.4 7 89.7 6
97.9 2 96.4 2 100.0 1
97.7 3 91.9 4 92.8 3
90.1 7 88.1 6 90.4 5
92.1 5 88.9 5 89.2 7
100.0 1 100.0 1 97.8 2
94.9 4 92.0 3 91.7 4
9
88 89 90
45.9 6 45.0 6 48.4 7
55.9 3 59.3 3 72.4 3
75.4 2 65.5 2 75.8 2
42.0 7 40.9 7 59.6 5
49.7 5 49.8 5 57.6 6
100.0 1 100.0 1 100.0 1
54.3 4 52.1 4 64.5 4
-
166
10
88 89 90
87.11 5 86.42 6 86.00 5
77.99 13 77.04 13 76.01 13
87.63 4 87.27 3 85.59 7
88.16 3 88.80 2 88.20 3
77.97 14 76.18 14 76.02 12
83.10 8 79.62 10 77.27 11
74.33 19 73.50 18 73.82 19
78.20 12 73.35 20 72.46 22
75.86 17 73.42 19 75.10 15
69.64 22 70.73 23 70.44 23
75.79 18 74.37 17 74.78 17
76.71 15 75.14 16 74.76 18
76.56 16 77.23 12 75.07 16
69.45 23 71.17 22 72.86 21
72.13 21 72.62 21 73.51 20
74.19 20 75.89 15 75.24 14
81.80 9 81.79 8 78.92 10
83.69 7 86.43 5 88.13 4
90.25 2 86.98 4 89.15 2
80.31 10 79.16 11 79.63 8
79.45 11 79.96 9 79.45 9
100.00 1 100.00 1 100.01 1
84.29 6 83.97 7 85.61 6
-
167
11
88 89 90
83.58 19 88.21 17 84.11 20
89.15 6 91.03 8 88.50 9
87.35 13 91.26 6 90.02 5
89.93 5 91.29 5 90.63 4
88.12 10 90.17 10 88.19 10
87.83 11 89.23 14 85.22 18
88.84 8 90.69 9 87.97 11
88.66 9 85.83 22 81.51 22
84.88 16 89.36 13 88.54 8
87.54 12 91.85 4 89.25 7
83.67 18 88.24 16 87.57 12
84.16 17 89.04 15 86.50 14
82.77 21 89.81 11 85.61 16
93.02 3 89.55 12 89.39 6
89.03 7 98.87 2 91.85 2
93.44 2 -- -- -- --
90.09 4 93.08 3 91.59 3
85.18 14 87.86 18 86.63 13
82.15 23 86.88 19 82.20 21
83.30 20 86.47 20 85.44 17
82.58 22 86.34 21 85.04 19
100.00 1 100.00 1 100.00 1
85.17 15 91.09 7 86.36 15 -- 89 90
-
168
12
88 89 90
100.00 1 100.00 1 100.00 1
85.07 21 84.66 22 85.15 19
91.64 5 91.58 4 91.60 3
85.84 17 86.24 16 85.62 17
85.61 19 85.34 19 84.98 22
92.52 3 91.74 3 91.20 5
90.12 7 89.50 7 88.95 8
87.69 14 87.55 13 86.35 15
84.99 22 84.90 20 85.00 20
85.43 20 85.80 18 85.58 18
89.65 9 89.33 8 89.18 7
89.96 8 88.46 10 88.25 10
87.21 15 87.02 15 86.50 14
83.70 23 82.51 23 82.18 23
86.24 16 86.02 17 85.91 16
87.79 13 87.48 14 87.28 13
85.84 17 84.88 21 84.99 21
88.48 10 88.50 9 87.67 12
92.33 4 91.11 5 91.31 4
88.09 12 87.94 11 88.70 9
91.08 6 90.59 6 90.82 6
98.92 2 97.81 2 98.25 2
88.33 11 87.94 12 88.17 11
-
169
13
88 89 90
93.68 6 94.39 8 94.21 10
87.38 17 89.46 17 88.38 16
97.12 2 97.75 4 96.34 3
87.50 16 90.70 15 94.94 6
85.35 18 88.18 20 92.83 11
93.27 7 96.11 6 92.39 13
91.75 9 92.66 13 94.80 7
88.46 15 87.92 21 87.09 19
90.42 12 92.70 12 94.33 9
85.09 19 87.71 22 88.27 17
93.92 5 93.45 10 94.47 8
90.60 11 92.74 11 91.81 14
84.29 20 89.53 16 88.55 15
--* --* 88.43 18 85.18 21
80.69 22 88.43 19 82.62 22
81.55 21 76.15 23 --** --**
89.26 13 91.85 14 86.82 20
91.58 10 98.28 2 95.71 4
100.00 1 100.00 1 100.00 1
93.01 8 93.99 9 99.54 2
95.28 3 97.89 3 95.57 5
88.56 14 95.76 7 88.07 18
95.02 4 97.00 5 92.79 12 --*--**
-
170
14
88 89 90
93.96 7 93.65 5 91.73 9
90.51 11 88.12 15 85.62 18
93.04 8 91.63 10 91.79 8
90.38 12 89.18 12 89.62 10
89.02 15 87.78 16 87.26 15
91.78 10 92.31 8 88.76 11
86.88 19 84.87 21 83.91 21
87.71 17 87.23 17 87.12 16
85.94 21 84.79 22 85.75 17
81.11 23 82.13 23 81.23 23
86.19 20 85.56 20 83.86 22
89.37 14 88.39 14 88.27 12
89.51 13 89.08 13 87.75 13
85.49 22 86.43 18 84.69 20
87.94 16 90.03 11 87.74 14
87.48 18 85.79 19 85.17 19
94.21 5 92.61 7 92.38 7
98.02 3 98.06 2 100.00 1
98.17 2 95.13 3 95.17 3
92.88 9 92.16 9 92.75 5
94.10 6 93.35 6 92.43 6
100.00 1 100.00 1 97.98 2
95.61 4 94.73 4 93.15 4
-
171
15
88 89 90
70.87 3 65.46 2 71.75 4
42.63 15 34.69 17 39.35 17
69.31 4 63.93 3 71.03 5
54.34 9 51.21 8 64.70 6
38.60 17 33.90 18 44.97 15
61.03 5 55.82 6 50.54 10
44.45 12 37.68 13 45.14 14
43.25 14 27.28 20 30.21 21
34.64 19 29.97 19 44.42 16
21.33 22 24.18 21 30.47 20
41.76 16 35.97 16 45.56 12
43.33 13 36.13 15 45.28 13
32.88 20 36.41 14 39.16 18
-- -- 23.09 22 29.99 22
28.56 21 40.74 12 37.32 19
36.98 18 -- -- -- --
53.74 10 48.72 10 50.40 11
59.48 7 61.85 5 73.83 2
75.43 2 62.83 4 73.53 3
50.11 11 41.97 11 61.75 8
55.02 8 50.72 9 58.99 9
100.00 1 100.00 1 100.00 1
60.94 6 54.99 7 61.77 7 -- 11 13
-
172
4
-
173
5
-
174
6
-
175
7
-
176
8
-
177
9
-
178
(2002) Friedmann, John (1986), The World City Hypothesis Development and Change,
Vol.17, pp.69-83. Porter, Michael (1990), The Competitive Advantage of Nations, The Free Press. Porter, Michael (1998), On Competition, HBS Press.
-
179
1
1.01 ()
1.02 () 1.03 () 1.04 () 1.05 () 1.06 () 1.07 () 1.08 () 1.09 - () 1.10 - () 1.11 -25-44 () 1.12 ()
2.01 () 2.02 - () 2.03 - () 2.04 () 2.05 () 2.06 () 2.07 - () 2.08 - () 2.09 - () 2.10 () 2.11 () 2.12 () 2.13 - () 2.14 () 2.15 ()
3.01 () 3.02 () 3.06 () 3.07 () 3.08 3.09 15 ()
-
180
1
4.01 (0/00)
4.02 () 4.03 () 4.04 () 4.05 () 4.06 () 4.07 () 4.08 () 4.09 ()- () 4.10 () 4.11 () 4.12 () 4.13 ()
5.01 () 5.02 () 5.03 () 5.04 () 5.05 () 5.06 ()
-
181
2
1.01 ()
1.02 ()
1.03 ()
1.04 ()
1.05 ()
1.06 ()
1.07 ()
1.08 ()
1.09 -()
1.10 -()
1.11 -25-44 () 25 44
1.12 ()
-
182
3
2.01 ()
2.02 -()
2.03 -()
2.04 ()
2.05 ()
2.06 ()
2.07 -()
2.08 -()
2.09 -()
2.10 ()
2.11 ()
2.12 ()
2.13 -()
()
2.14 ()
2.15 ()
-
183
4
3.01 ()
3.02 ()
3.03 ()
3.04 ()
3.05
3.06 15 () 15 15
-
184
5
4.01 ()
4.02 ()
4.03 ()
4.04 ()
4.05 ()
4.06 ()
4.07 ()
4.08 ()
4.09 ()
4.10 ()
4.11 ()
4.12 () 10
4.13 ()
-
185
6
5.01 ()
5.02 ()
5.03 ()
5.04 ()
5.05 ()
5.06 ()
-
186
-
187
161
161 2004
-
188
162
(nodes)(global cities)
163
162 Sung-Bok Lee, Globalization and the Global City: Meeting the Challenges of the Twenty-First Century, East Asia: An International Quarterly Vol. 18, No. 2 (2000), pp. 18-19,. 163
-
189
(Ulrich Beck)
164
(Jan Aart Scholte)
165
(David Held)
(hyperglobalist thesis)(skeptical thesis)
164 Ulrich Beck 1999 28 165 Jan Aart Scholte 2002 16-18
-
190
(transformationalist thesis)166(Francis
Fukuyama)(Kenichi Ohmae)
167
(denationalization)
(Paul Hirst)
(Grahame Thompson)
168
(Anthony
166 David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Glodblatt, and Jonathan Perraton, Global Transformation (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1999).
( 39 8 2000 ) 73~83 167 Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the Last Man (New York: Maxwell Macmillan International, 1992); Kenichi Ohmae, The End of the Nation State (New York: Free Press, 1995). 168 Paul Hirst, and Thompson Grahame, Globalization in Question (London: Polity Press, 1996); Linda Wiess, The Myth of the Powerless State (Ithaca Cornell: Cornell University Press, 1998); Harold James, The End of Globalization: Lesson from the Great Depression (Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 2001).
-
191
Giddens)(Ulirich Beck)(Manuel Castells)
169
170
169 Anthony Giddens, The Consequences of Modernity (Cambridge, MA:. Harvard University Press, 1990); Ulrich Beck, op. cit.; Manuel Castells (2000) 170 Sung-Bok Lee, op. cit., p. 19.
-
192
1915 (Patrick Geddes)
(Peter Hall)1966
(The World Cities)
171
172
(John Friedmann)
173
(basing-points)(organizing
nodes)174
(Saskia Sassen)
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
175(1)
(2)(3)(4)
(5)(6)(7)
171 Mee Kam Ng, and Peter Hills, World Cities or Great Cities? A Comparative Study of Five Asian Metropolises, Cities Vol. 20, No. 3 (2003), p. 152. 172 (2001), 29~32 173 John Friedmann, The World City Hypothesis, In Paul Knox and Peter Taylor eds., World Cities in a World-System (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995), p. 317. 174 Ibid., p. 319. 175 Saskia Sassen, The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo, Second Edition (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2001), pp. 3~4..
-
193
176
Sassen1998177
176 John Friedmann, op. cit. 177 Kaskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents (New York: The New Press, 1998).
-
194
178
(Richard
Child Hill)(June Woo Kim)
179
(market-centered)(state-centered)
180
(Mee Kam Ng)(Peter Hills)
(great cities)181
178 Sung-Bok Lee, op. cit., p. 23. 179 Richard Child Hill, and June Woo Kim, Global Cities and Developmental States: New York, Tokyo and Seoul. Urban Studies Vol. 37, No. 12 (2000), pp. 2167-2195. 180 ( 9 22001 ) 91~126 181 Mee Kam Ng,, and Peter Hills, World Cities or Great Cities? A Comparative Study of Five Asian Metropolises, Cities Vol. 20, No. 3 (2003), pp. 151-165.
-
195
(world Economic Forum, WEF)
(International Institute for Management Development, IMD)
(The Global Competitiveness Report)
(The World Competitiveness Yearbook)
WEF
IMD
182
(Michael Porter)
182 http://www.weforum.org/http://www01.imd.ch/
-
196
183
WEF IMD
(IUD-International Institute for
Urban Development, Beijing)
184
185
186
183 Michael Porter, Competitive Advantage of Nations (New York: The Free Press, 1990). 184 IUD (http://www.iud.org.cn)2003 14~23 185 No. 22004 186 091-021 2002
-
197
187
(Bilbao)
188
189
(Martin Hewson)(Timothy
Sinclair)
187 280 (2003 8 ) 102 188 Arantxa Rodriguez, and Elena Martinez, Restructuring Cities: Miracles and Mirages in Urban Revitalization in Bilbao, in Frank Moulaert, Arantxa Rodriguez, and Erik Swyngedouw, The Globalized City Economic Restructuring and Social Polarization in European Cities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), pp. 181~207. 189 Jon Pierre, and Guy Peters, Governance, Politics and the State (New York: St. Martins Press, 2000).
-
198
190
(organizing collective action)
191
(Commission of Global Governance)
192
193
190 Martin Hewson, and Timothy Sinclair, The Emergence of Global Governance Theory, in Martin Hewson and Timothy Sinclair eds., Approaches to Global Governance Theory (New York: State University of New York Press, 1999), p. 3. 191 Aseem Prakash, and Jeffrey Hart, Globalization and Governance: An Introductio, In Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey Hart eds., Globalization and Governance (New York: Routledge, 1999), p. 2. 192 Commission of Global Governance, Our Global Neighbourhood (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 2. 193
-
199
2004 4
-
200
4796059901.305210.88
194
7.39%
()
1991 2003 343
31151 110
367 60624
47%
2003 463
243 26.4%
195
196
95% 50%
194 http://www.mofcam.gov.cn/ 195 (2004/5/1) 196 2001 9
-
201
60%197(1)
(2)
(3)
198
2002 260 1280
150 740 100
240
199
197
198 2003 1 http://www.npf.org.tw/monthly/index/quarterly0301.htm 199
-
202
200
2001
(10.7%)
(9.2%)(4.7%)
201
200 Michael Porter, Innovation: Location Matters, MIT Sloan Management Review Vol. 42, No. 2 (Summer 2001), p. 28. 2012001 9 176~182
-
203
()
2000 2001 2002 2000 2001 2002
163.43
163.43
163.43 18 18 18
5910 /
6019 /
6099 /
3 3 3
1.66% 1.82% 0.63% 1 1 3
1,162,161 1,314,412 1,125,638 6 3 6
669,146 737,772 690,313 6 3 5
27.2% 28.1% 22.7% 13 7 15
20022003
2000 2001 2002
2000 2001 2002
202
21 18
202 2002 10 67
-
204
(10) (2)(6)203
15
75.1%15 97.2%
49.7%
38.5%
() 15 75.1% 2
15 97.2%* 2
49.7% 1
38.5% 2
*15 2003
2003
204
203 91 5 15 204 2003 5 164~172
-
205
(Costco)(Tesco)(Ikea)
IC
205
205 R. J., Rimmer, Regional Economic Integration in Pacific Asia, Environment and Planning 26: 1731~1759. 14 4 (2000 ) 6
-
206
206207
71.7%208
209
206 22~23 207 24 208 (2003 12 ) 188~189 2092002 10 71
-
207
1.
2.
-
208
3.
4.
1.
47%
16%
-
209
2.
1.
2.
-
210
-
211
2002 15 /
/
424196 100 82805981 100 44796597 100
210876 49.71 37380600 45.14 20487523 45.73
37280 8.79 7628190 9.21 3988943 8.9
25147 5.93 4953212 5.98 3633986 8.11
55691 13.13 6147086 7.42 3311028 7.39
6659 1.57 4934803 5.96 2438765 5.44
10727 2.53 4014955 4.85 2147270 4.79
22208 5.24 2747593 3.32 1519896 3.39
3418 0.81 1963261 2.37 1069550 2.39
3053 0.72 1432209 1.73 799367 1.78
2033 0.48 719215 0.87 554335 1.24
7827 1.85 1079181 1.3 477322 1.07
1065 0.25 897448 1.08 433815 0.97
706 0.17 948071 1.14 380333 0.85
6040 1.42 1037740 1.25 335789 0.75
2538 0.60 620053 0.75 283544 0.63
28928 6.82 6302364 7.61 2935131 6.55
http//www.mofcom.gov.cn/
-
212
1
2
3***
(%)1991 237 1.74 73.48 9.52 3,884 35.37 91.07 11.05 31.24
1992 264 2.47 93.56 21.78 6,430 55.43 86.21 10.5 18.94
1993 1262* 11.40 90.33 40.71 10,948 99.65 91.02 31.39 31.50(8,067)** 20.28 25.14
1994 934 9.62 103.02 37.31 6,247 53.95 86..36 33.91 62.85
1995 490 10.93 223.00 44.61 4,778 57.77 120.91 31.62 54.73
1996 383 12.29 320.95 36.21 3,184 51.41 161.46 34.75 67.59
1997 728* 16.15 221.78 35.82 3,014 28.14 93.36 32.89 116.88(7,997)** 27.20 34.01
1998 641* 15.19 236.97 31.55 2,970 29.82 100.40 29.15 97.75(643)** 5.15 80.09
1999 488 12.53 256.72 27.71 2,499 33.74 135.01 25.99 77.01
2000 840 26.07 310.36 33.93 3,108 40.42 130.05 22.96 56.81
2001 1,186 27.84 234.74 38.80 4,214 69.14 164.07 29.79 43.10
2002 1490* 38.59 258.99 53.38 4,853 67.41 138.9 39.71 58.91
(3,950)** (28.64) 72.51
2003 1,837 45.95 250.08 53.66 4,495 86.00 191.32 34.00 39.53
(8268)** (31.04)
31,151 343.09 110.14 47 60,624 708.25 110.86 367.71 51.91
-
213
2003
1 11.95 1 5 9 1
2 10.46 6 3 5 6
3 10.41 4 18 12 2
4 10.25 2 3 19 8
5 9.75 3 13 19 8
6 9.71 4 18 19 4
7 9.70 24 1 1 7
8 9.69 8 2 9 17
9 9.58 10 7 2 14
10 9.50 10 13 3 15
11 9.49 12 5 7 12
12 9.47 21 5 7 3
13 9.24 9 10 17 10
14 8.95 20 13 5 16
15 8.89 14 18 9 13
15 8.89 7 23 24 4
17 8.86 23 10 3 17
18 8.72 18 8 15 17
19 8.56 14 22 13 17
20 8.55 13 24 14 11
21 8.31 14 18 17 21
22 8.30 22 10 15 21
23 8.20 14 13 22 24
24 8.17 19 8 23 23 1.(2003
8 )
2. 8
-
214
2003
2214.9 6.15%
250
-
215
globalizationglocalizationMarcuse
and Kempen, 20002002
(1996)
(global-local nexus)
(problematic)
/(world/global cities)
(globalizing cities)
(Yeoh,
19992002)
Persky and Wiewel (1994)
global citylocal city
PS
CS
-
216
(
2000)
2000bRaco,
1998Wilson, 1995
2000a
local conditions2003
-
(
1998)
Persky and Wiewel (1994)
(minimum requirements approach)
regional purchase coefficient, RPC
70 80
-
217
85
RPC
Persky and Wiewel, 1994
70 85
PS CS
de-industrialization
RPC
RPC
Sassen, 1991
1981-1996
(2002) 1997
(
2002)(2002)
-
218
(RPC)
()
70 80 85 0.60 0.55 0.49 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.46 0.40 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03PS 0.16 0.16 0.19 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.01 0.02 0.03CS 0.24 0.29 0.32 0.14 0.17 0.20 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05
70 80 85 0.78 0.72 0.73 0.93 0.86 0.86 0.21 0.16 0.10 0.87 0.81 0.82 0.51 0.82 0.76 0.66 0.02 0.03PS 0.18 0.39 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.41 0.44 0.55 0.66 0.76CS 0.82 0.91 0.98 0.86 0.97 0.98 0.46 0.49 0.56 0.53 0.61 0.55 0.92 0.93 0.88
-
219
Sassen, 200020032001
rank-size ruleurban primacy
Tsai,
198519851996
1960
1995 1990 40%
50%1996
2001
-
220
2001210
2102001
-
221
2000 1997
211 65%
13.8%
2000
19972000
211 2000
-
222
Kenichi Ohmae (2000)
natural economic zones212
2001213
214
215
212 Ohmae 2001
(1) 500-2000 (2)
(3) (4)
213 214 2003 5 164-172 215 93.5.8.
2003 5
-
223
2002
7,353.39 9,762,938 271.80 2,641,856 132.76 391,450 104.10 378,797 2,052.57 3,641,446 1,220.95 1,792,603 1,427.59 452,679 2,143.63 464,107
10,506.88 5,669,529 163.43 996,706 1,820.31 560,766 2,051.47 1,511,789 1,074.40 1,316,179 4,106.44 541,292 1,290.84 742,797
10,002.08 6,424,494 153.60 1,509,510 175.65 745,081 60.03 267,907 1,901.67 562,394 2,016.01 1,107,583 2,792.66 1,233,395 2,775.60 906,178 126.86 92,446
8,143.82 596,119 4,628.57 352,154 3,515.25 243,965
-
224
-
225
216()
2004
(
216
-
226
)
2004
()
() ()
(%)
1,466 4,531 5,672,226,000 0.86%
1,120 5,011 8,506,549,000 1.29%
674 1,651 1,635,291,000 0.25%
34,780 272,267 544,063,438,000 82.78%
516 1,823 3,971,974,000 0.60%
3,213 32,335 48,970,255,000 7.45%
22 95 305079,000 0.05%
36 505 558,871,000 0.09%
45 2,108 10,365,497,000 1.58%
90 176 156,550,000 0.02%
453 3,663 7,232,812,000 1.10%
855 6,456 18,309,679,000 2.79%
190 2,687 7,511,711,000 1.14%
43,460 333,308 657,259,932,000 100.00%
-
227
01020304050607080
2004
2004
-
228
-
1981-1996
-
229
2002
47 85-139
1996
2000
37 3 27-46
2003
2002
2003 41
1 1-18
1995 1987-19922nd edition
-03
1998
20002000
2004
2000a
27 2 191-209
2000b
1 2 13-34
1985
2001 28
-
230
4 519-542
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