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Colorless

Odorless

Burns with a pale, slightly luminous flame

Cleanest burning fuel

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Onshore Fields

Offshore Fields Coal Bed Methane

Coal Gasification

Shale Gas

Gas Hydrates

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Methane (CH4)

Lower chain of hydrocarbons (ethane, propane,butane etc.)

CO2 (acid gas)

Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) (Sour Gas)

Nitrogen

Helium etc.

4

Impurities

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Carbon dioxide does not burn, it reduces the value ofthe natural gas. However, carbon dioxide can be

injected into old (depleted) oil fields to enhanceproduction.

Nitrogen can also be used as an oil-field injection gas.

Helium is valuable in electronics manufacturing andfor filling blimps and balloons. (Hugoton-Panhandlegas field, which contains 0.5 to 2% helium is nearbyAmarillo, Texas, is called the helium capital of the

world).

H2S is poisonous and should be removed beforedelivering gas through pipelines as it can corrodepipes.

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Associated Gas: contains other hydrocarbonsbesides methane.

Non Associated Gas: produces almost puremethane.

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Hydrocarbon

Natural Gas

Petroleum Gas

Exploration Distillation of

Crude Oil

Industrial

NG

CNG PNG LNG

LPG

Household,

Auto LPG

Power,

Fertilizer,

Petrochemical,

Steel

Automobile Household,

Commercial

?

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A network of medium to low pressure distributionpipeline, reaching Natural Gas to end users intowns & cities.

Natural Gas in the form of:-

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) for automobiles

Piped Natural Gas (PNG) for commercial,

domestic & industrial (

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High Pressure Steel Pipelines are used.

Medium Pressure MDPE pipelines are used.

Low Pressure GI pipes are used.

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Sr. No. Component Inlet SourceInlet

pressure(Bar)

Outlet ToOutlet

Pressure(Bar)

1 CGS GSPL (say) 49 barSteel

Pipeline25-35 bar

2Steel

PipelineCGS 25-35 bar

CNGCompressor

/DRS

25-35 bar

3 DRSSteel

Pipeline25-35 bar

MDPEPipeline

4 bar

4 CNGCompressor

SteelPipeline

25-35 bar Cascade/Dispenser

250 bar

5MDPE

PipelineMRS 4 bar

Commercial,Domestic,Industrial

Customers

Pressurereduced as

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15

Steel Transmission MainsCGS- 90 to 100 bars

Steel Pipeline Mains

Industrial, CNG distribution

(19 Bars)

PE Distribution Mains

Small Industrial, Commercial (4Bars)

Meter Regulator (100 millibars)

Residential Burner (21 millibars)

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Steel

Pipeline

Medium pressure

PE Pipe

Low Pressure

PE Pipe GI Pipe

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18

Installed to those customers having requirementof pressure higher than 100 mbar and/or flowmore than 65 SCMH.

Given to commercial customers.

Diaphragm meters are used only upto 65 Scmh,

so in MRS a turbine meter is used.

Working is similar to DRS except that there ismetering of gas.

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Isolation Valves

Filters with strainers

PCV with safety slam shut off valve

Safety Relief Valve

Pressure Gauge, Temperature Gauge,Differential Pressure Gauge.

RPD meter, Turbine meter, EVC. Cathodic Protection.

Chromatography

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Reduces pressure from 19 bar to 2.5-4 bar.

Consists of 2 streams viz. Active and Standbystream.

Its inlet is steel, while outlet is P.E.

Reduces pressure from 4 bar to 100mbar.

Has got provision for relief.

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It is used by Domestic, Commercial andIndustrial customers.

Domestic : 18-21mbar

Commercial & Industrial : As per theirrequirement.

Pressure is reduced in steps at DRS,MRS/SR, MR.

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Online Station

Mother Station

Daughter Station

Daughter Booster Station

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25

CompanyPipeline

CNG

Station

CNGStation

CNG

Station

Online Station

DaughterStation

DaughterBooster Station

Mother Station

BoosterCompressor

Compressor

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Compressor

Stationary Cascades

Dispenser Units

Mobile Cascades with LCVs

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Maximum working pressure : 350 bar

Flow rate : 15 Kg/ min (Car) & 75 Kg/min (Bus)

Operating temp range : -40 deg. to 70 deg.

Accuracy: - 0.5% to + 0.5%

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Company Description Operating City

BGLBhagyanagar Gas Limited JV between GAIL & HPCL, Aug 2003

Vijayawada, Hyderabad

IGLIndraprastha Gas Limited JV between Delhi Government, GAIL & BPCL

Delhi & suburbs

GGCLGujarat Gas Company Limited British Gas

Surat, Bharuch, Ankleshwar, etc.

GSPC GasGujarat State Petroleum Corporation

Gas Gujarat Govt

Rajkot, Murbi, etc.

GAEL Gujarat Adani Energy Limited Adani Gas Ahmedabad

MGL Mahanagar Gas Limited JV between GAIL, BG and GoM Mumbai and suburb

TNGCL

Tripura Natural Gas Company Limited

JV between GAIL, Tripura Industrial

Development Corporation & Agartala Gas

Company

Agartala

CUGL Central UP Gas Limited JV between GAIL and BPCL Kanpur, Bareilly

GGL Green Gas Limited JV between GAIL and IOC Lucknow, Agra

AGL

Avantika Gas Limited JV between GAIL and HPCL

Indore, Gwalior and Ujjain

RGCL Reliance Gas Corporation Limited Subsidiary of RIL

AGCL Assam Gas Company Limited Government of Assam Undertaking

Duliajan, Digboy, Tinsukia, Dibrugarh,

Naharkatia, Moran, Nazira, Sivasagar etc.

MNGL

Maharashtra Natural Gas LimitedJV between GAIL, BPCL, IDFC, ILFS,Axis Bankand GoM

Pune

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