Ch. 15.3 Spanish & Dutch Colonies

• Bell Work: Describe the Columbian Exchange• 10 Reading Notes• Daily Quiz (15.3)• Spanish Colonial Notes• Review Q’s

European Empires in the European Empires in the Americas AmericasAmericas Americas

European Empires in the European Empires in the Americas AmericasAmericas Americas

The Colonial Class The Colonial Class SystemSystem

The Colonial Class The Colonial Class SystemSystem

PeninsularPeninsulareses CreolesCreoles

MestizoMestizoss

MulattMulattosos

Native IndiansNative Indians Black SlavesBlack Slaves

Administration of the Administration of the Spanish Empire in the Spanish Empire in the

New WorldNew World

Administration of the Administration of the Spanish Empire in the Spanish Empire in the

New WorldNew World1. Encomienda

or forced labor.

2. Council of the Indies.

Viceroy.

New Spain and Peru.

3. Papal agreement.

5. New Patterns of World 5. New Patterns of World TradeTrade

5. New Patterns of World 5. New Patterns of World TradeTrade

Growth of the Spanish Empire• Focus of Spanish Colonies:• Conquest• Minerals• Slaves• viceroys

Charles V’s election as Holy Roman Emperor added more to Spain’s Power & Problem’s:•Increased government responsibility.•Decreased government efficiency.•Drained Spanish resourcesResults (Decline):

The Treaty of Tordesillas, The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 & 1494 &

The Pope’s Line of The Pope’s Line of DemarcationDemarcation

The Treaty of Tordesillas, The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 & 1494 &

The Pope’s Line of The Pope’s Line of DemarcationDemarcation

New Colonial RivalsNew Colonial RivalsNew Colonial RivalsNew Colonial Rivals

1. Portugal lacked the numbers and wealth to dominate trade in the Indian Ocean.

2. Spain in Asia consolidated its holdings in the Philippines.

3. First English expedition to the Indies in 1591.

Surat in NW India in 1608.

4. Dutch arrive in India in 1595.

New Colonial RivalsNew Colonial RivalsNew Colonial RivalsNew Colonial Rivals

The Dutch Empire

• Unhappy with Spanish Rule (Philip II)• Calvinists: Religious Toleration• Colonial self rule• Colonies were financial centers that focused

on international trading.• Trading Companies• Rebellious

Impact of European Impact of European ExpansionExpansion

Impact of European Impact of European ExpansionExpansion1. Native populations ravaged

by disease.

2. Influx of gold, and especially silver, into Europe created an inflationary economic climate.[“Price Revolution”]

3. New products introduced across the continents [“Columbian Exchange”].

4. Deepened colonial rivalries.

5. New Patterns of World 5. New Patterns of World TradeTrade

5. New Patterns of World 5. New Patterns of World TradeTrade

15.3 Spanish & Dutch Empires

• Viceroys Guerrilla warfare Moctezuma Fransisco PizarroPhillip II

Review Questions1.Describe the differences between Spanish and Dutch Empires from the native’s point of view.2.How did Spain extend its power abroad and at home?3.Why were the Dutch successful 1600?4.Why did Spanish power decline in the late 1500s?5.Why were the Dutch unhappy with Spanish rule?