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COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES
INTERSTATE STATISTICAL COMMITTEE
(CIS-STAT)
Challenges in harmonizing poverty statistics
for monitoring progress
of poverty and inequality-related Sustainable
Development Goals in the CIS countries
CIS-STAT
Expert Meeting on Measuring Poverty and Inequality
25-27 September 2017, Budva, Montenegro
SDG statistics in the CIS region
CIS-STAT activities on SDG indicators (decision of the Council of Heads
of CIS NSOs (55th meeting, 8 September 2016, Ashkhabad,
Turkmenistan) :
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• Conducted a survey to assess CIS countries’ readiness to monitor SDGs
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• Identified missing statistics and required methodological guidance
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• Identified priority list of SDG indicators for the CIS region
4 • Created a web-page ‘SDG Statistics: CIS Region’
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• Ongoing preparation of a digest ‘Monitoring of SDGIndicators in the CIS Region»
Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
.
Monitoring of the goal to end poverty requires:
• to improve existing measurement methods;
• to develop new indicators relevant in the national contexts and
comparable at the international level
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Monitoring of SDG 1: Major challenges
No common definition of
poverty
Differences in evaluation
methodologies
Different countries’
readiness to measuring
various poverty dimensions
Monetary poverty
At present, one of the key issues is about incomparability of monetary
poverty indicators in the CIS countries.
The activities aimed at harmonization are ongoing under the Russia-
funded Project ‘Harmonized Poverty Indicators for Monitoring Sustainable
Development in the CIS Counties’.
Harmonization of ‘inputs’ includes:
unification of survey methods and programmes;
implementation of international classifications adapted to national
contexts:
• for income it is the Canberra Group Handbook on Household
Income Statistics (UNECE, 2011);
• for consumer expenditure it is the Classification of Individual
Consumption by Purpose (COICOP-HBS)
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Non-monetary poverty
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The CIS countries are actively introducing international practice of using
deprivation approach for measuring poverty.
As proposed by statistical offices of the CIS countries CIS-STAT reviewed
EU and CIS practices on deprivations and prepared a draft list of mon-
monetary poverty indicators.
A harmonized list of deprivations will enable collecting data which are
comparable both among CIS countries and internationally.
Model list of deprivations in CIS region (1)
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Definition of deprivations
1. Finance Cannot afford participating in long-term loan programmes requiring regular payments
2. Food Cannot afford eating meat, chicken or fish (or a vegetarian equivalent) at least every second day
No money to buy food when necessary
3. Non-foods Cannot afford buying outwear clothes for adults (at least every 5 years)
Cannot afford buying for each household member two pairs of season-appropriate footwear (at least every 3 years)
4. Recreation and leisure
Cannot afford at least one week annual holiday away from home
Model list of deprivations in CIS region (2)
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Definition of deprivations
5. Housing No dwelling in normal condition (available dwelling requires capital repair, is damp, wrecked, old)
Cannot afford keeping home adequately warm
No money to pay in time and in full rentals and utility bills
Living in overcrowded conditions (less than 5 m2 per person)
6. Property Household has no and cannot afford (even if wanted to):
• A colour TV• Washing machine• Refrigerator• Telephone, incl. mobile telephone• Computer and Internet-connection for personal use• A personal car
Model list of deprivations in CIS region (3)
After consultations with CIS national statistical offices recommendations
will be elaborated for including a common section on deprivations to
surveys.
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Definition of deprivations
7. Health No enough money to pay for essential drugs and medical supplies
No enough money to pay for necessary health services (excluding dentist services) in healthcare institutions (if there is no or poor access to free services)
Basic services (1)
The survey on CIS countries’ readiness to monitor SDGs demonstrated
that some indicators require methodological guidance, including Indicator
1.4.1 Proportion of population living in households with access to
basic services.
The responsibility for developing the indicator is vested on UN-Habitat in
partnership with UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme), UPU
(Universal Postal Union) and ITU (International Telecommunications
Union).
As proposed by the national statistical offices of some CIS countries the
CIS-STAT has prepared for discussion a draft model set of basic services
for the CIS region.
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Basic services (2)
Basic services are considered to be those which are essential for normal
life of people in the context of traditional living standards and conditions.
Sources of information for preparing a model set of basic services:
• SDG indicators;
• materials of thematic surveys in the CIS countries on housing
conditions, accessibility of basic services, health care, education, etc.
Main data sources can be population/household surveys because
administrative data generally do not allow measuring the coverage with
specific services.
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Basic services (3)
Draft Short list of basic services in the CIS region:
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Domain Objectives
1. Health care Coverage with services:- health care services- pharmaceutical services- health insurance
2. Education Universal and equitable access to education:- pre-school- basic general and secondary- vocational (primary, secondary and tertiary)
3. Housing and housing conditions
Universal and equitable access to:- to adequate, safe and affordable housing- power supply- drinking water - sanitation- safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces
Basic services (4)
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Domain Objectives
4. Life security services Ensuring:- public security- accessibility of emergency response services in
case of emergencies and disasters
5. Transport and transport infrastructure
Ensuring equitable access to:- quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient
infrastructure- safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable
transport systems
6. Communications Expanded access to Information and Communication Technologies and ensuring universal access to Internet
7. Financial services Ensuring universal equitable access to financial services
8. Trade and personal services
Ensuring universal equitable access to retail trade and personal services
Basic services (5)
The general list can be expanded with:
- services for specific categories (e.g. coverage of the elderly and disabled
with social protection services);
- cultural, arts, fitness and sports services.
More detailed proposals on the list of indicators for measuring coverage
with basic services can be found in CIS-STAT paper.
The proposed model list of basic services can be used for developing
these indicators at the national level.
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