change and stress ppt

7/28/2019 CHANGE AND STRESS PPT

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STRESS & COUNSELLING


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CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

TO UNDERSTAND

The role of Stress in Employee Health

Extreme forms of Stress Reactions

Causes and symptoms of Stress

Organizational Effects of Stress

Actions that may Prevent or Reduce Stress

Different Counseling Functions

Three types of Counseling and Their Usefulness

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EMPLOYEE Stress


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WHAT IS STRESS?

Stress is the general term applied to

the pressures people feel in life.

Stress is your mind and bodys

response or reaction to a real or

imagined threat, event or change.

The threat, event or change are

commonly called stressors.

Stressors can be internal (thoughts,

beliefs, attitudes or external (loss,

tragedy, change).


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Types of Stressors

Emotion

al Environmental

Injury

Physical

Illness

Career

Pressures


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Work Stress

Deadlines and pressures

Surprises

Interpersonal difficulties

Role and rank issues

Environmental stressors


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Techno Stress

E-mail and computers

T.V.

Phone

Pagers

Others


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Home Stressors

Chores

Finances

Kids wanting attention

Discipline

Fun time


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Love Relationships

Strained?

Stressed?

Distant?

Great?


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STRESS

Physiological

PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS INCLUDE:

MUSCLE TENSION

NAUSEA, VOMITING

HEADACHES

JAW, NECK & BACK PAIN

DIARRHEA

SLEEP DISTURBANCES

DRY MOUTH, SWEATY PALMS

UPPER RESPIRATORYINFECTIONS

COLD HANDS

BREATHING CHANGES (E.G.,

SHALLOW, SIGHING)

Psychological

EMOTIONAL/MENTAL SYMPTOMS:

ANXIETY, WORRY, GUILT,

NERVOUSNESS

ANGER, FRUSTRATION

MOODINESS

DEPRESSION

APPETITE VARIES

RACING THOUGHTS

NIGHTMARES

DIMINISHED CONCENTRATION

IMPAIRED MEMORY OR

FORGETFULNESS

Behavioral

BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS

EXCESSIVE SMOKING

EXCESSIVE SMOKING

TARDINESS

SERIOUS APPEARANCE

NERVOUS BEHAVIOR/HABITS

RUSHING/PACING

ON EDGE

INCREASEDFRUSTRATION/IRRITABLE

MORE ACCIDENTS

OVERREACTING 10


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

IS A PART OF EVERYDAY LIFE

IS NECESSARY

TIME, MONEY, AND RELATIONSHIPS

ENSURE THAT STRESS WILL ALWAYS

BE WITH US


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

STRESS

DOES NOT HAVE TO BE NEGATIVEOR OVERWHELMING


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

DEFINITION:

THE NON-SPECIFIC RESPONSE OF THE

BODY TO ANY DEMAND

Hans Selye, MD


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

DR. HANS SELYE WROTE:

STRESS IS ESSENTIALLY

REFLECTED BY THE RATE OF ALL

THE WEAR AND TEAR CAUSED BYLIFE.


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EUSTRESS

Eustress or positive stress occurs when

your level of stress is high enough to

motivate you to move into action to getthings accomplished.


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DISTRESSDistress or negative stress occurs when

your level of stress is either too high or too

low and your body and/or mind begin to

respond negatively to the stressors.


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

NOT ALL STRESS IS NEGATIVE

EUSTRESS:POSITIVE STRESSRESULTS FROM EXHILARATING

EXPERIENCES:

WINNING THE LOTTERY

UNEXPECTED PROMOTION

AWARD


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

DISTRESS

STRESS OF:

LOSING, FAILING, OVERWORKING AND

NOT COPING

CAN BE HARMFUL AND IT IS NORMAL

FROM TIME TO TIME


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

CAUSES OF STRESS FALL INTO TWO

CATEGORIES:

EXTERNAL

INTERNAL


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

INTERNAL STRESSORS

INSIDE OURSELVES

THIS TYPE OF STRESSOR MAY PLAY AGREATER ROLE IN THE STRESS OF

DAILY LIFE


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

MAY BE CAUSED BY EVERYDAY

PRESSURES SUCH AS:

FINANCIAL

DEADLINES ARGUMENTS

FAMILY CONCERNS


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STRESS MANAGEMENT

EXTERNAL STRESSOR

MAY BE MAJOR LIFE EVENTS:

(REFER TO HOLMES-RAHE SCALE)

MOVING

DEATH OF SPOUSE, FAMILY

MEMBER OR FRIEND


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STAGES OF STRESS


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ALARM STAGE

As you begin to experience a stressfulevent or perceive something to be

stressful psychological changes occur in

your body. This experience or perception

disrupts your bodys normal balance andimmediately your body begins to respond

to the stressor(s) as effectively as

possible.


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EXAMPLES

Cardiac - increased heart rate

Respiratory - increased respiration

Skin - decreased temperature

Hormonal - increased stimulation ofadrenal genes which produce an adrenal

rush.


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RESISTANCE STAGE

During this stage your body tries to cope oradapt to the stressors by beginning a

process of repairing any damage the

stressor has caused. Your friends, family

or co-workers may notice changes in you

before you do so it is important to examine

their feedback to make sure you do not

reach overload.


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EXAMPLES

Behavior indicators include: lack of

enthusiasm for family, school, work or life

in general, withdrawal, change in eating

habits, insomnia, hypersomnia, anger,

fatigue.

Cognitive Indicators include: poor problem

solving, confusion, nightmares, hyper-

vigilance.


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RESISTANCE STAGE

MORE EXAMPLES

Emotional indicators include:

tearfulness

fear

anxiety

panic

guilt

agitation


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EXHAUSTION STAGE

During this stage the stressor is not being

managed effectively and the body and

mind are not able to repair the damage.


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EXAMPLES

Digestive disorders, withdrawal,

headaches, tension, insomnia, loss oftemper.


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Extreme product of Stress Burnout a situation in which employees are emotionally

exhausted, develop cynicism about their work and feel unable to

accomplish their professional goals.

Workaholics place higher priority on work than on family or

recreation, think and talk constantly about work, have difficulty

delegating to others, worry about their careers and often try toaccomplish multiple tasks simultaneously.

Karoshi sudden death at work.

Trauma - occurs following a major threat to ones security.

Workplace Violence a troubled employee takes dramatic andharmful physical action against co-workers, managers, or

company property.

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THREE TYPES OF TRAUMA

Workplace Trauma is the disintegration ofemployees self-concepts and beliefs in their

capabilities caused by sudden job loss

e.g. harassment at work, wrongful termination,

discrimination

Lay-off Survivors Sickness feelings of

uncertainty/insecurity, anger, guilt and distrust.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) the shockof sudden and violent incidents often produces

immediate stress-related symptoms.

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A Model of Causes, Types, & Consequences of Stress

Organizational

Stressors

Non-work

stressors

Employees

Individual

Differences

Positive

Stress

Negative

Stress

ConstructiveOrganizational& Personalconsequences

*Short term

*Long term

DestructiveOrganizational

& Personalconsequences

*Short term

*Long term

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change and stress ppt

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