Chapter 1 Chapter 1 AHSGEAHSGE

(Test Review)(Test Review)

Standard 1:Standard 1: The student will understand the The student will understand the global influence of the pre-colonial and colonial global influence of the pre-colonial and colonial

eras of the Western Hemisphere.eras of the Western Hemisphere.

Objective 1:Objective 1: Identify and evaluate America’s Identify and evaluate America’s exploration, development, and divergence.exploration, development, and divergence.

When the thirteen colonies When the thirteen colonies were established in the were established in the New World, why did the New World, why did the Southern colonies pursue a Southern colonies pursue a slave-based system of slave-based system of agriculture?agriculture?

The Southern colonist grew cash crops The Southern colonist grew cash crops such as tobacco, which required many such as tobacco, which required many laborers to cultivate.laborers to cultivate.

In which colony did the In which colony did the Quakers settle?Quakers settle?

PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

What were some results of What were some results of the Crusades?the Crusades?

Increased tradeIncreased trade Increased interest in explorationIncreased interest in exploration Growth of townsGrowth of towns

Study the list below. Study the list below.

This list shows church practices in This list shows church practices in the 1500s that directly led to the the 1500s that directly led to the _______._______.

Reformation Reformation

accumulating landsaccumulating lands selling church jobsselling church jobsSelling indulgencesSelling indulgences

What was the first What was the first successful English colony?successful English colony?

JamestownJamestown

Which Native American Which Native American group had the group had the mostmost advanced civilization in the advanced civilization in the New World? New World? (They built temples, fortresses, (They built temples, fortresses, and a network of irrigation and a network of irrigation canals.)canals.)

IncaInca

Some Events During the RenaissanceSome Events During the Renaissance

14501450 Johann Gutenberg develops the Johann Gutenberg develops the printing pressprinting press

14921492 Christopher Columbus sets out to find Christopher Columbus sets out to find a new sea route to Asiaa new sea route to Asia

15041504 Michelangelo Buonarroti completes Michelangelo Buonarroti completes the sculpture the sculpture DavidDavid

15051505 Leonardo da Vinci completes the Leonardo da Vinci completes the painting painting Mona LisaMona Lisa

15131513 Niccolo Machiavelli writes the political Niccolo Machiavelli writes the political analysis analysis The PrinceThe Prince

15191519 Ferdinand Magellan begins a voyage Ferdinand Magellan begins a voyage to discover route to the Pacific Oceanto discover route to the Pacific Ocean

15951595 William Shakespeare writes the play William Shakespeare writes the play Romeo and JulietRomeo and Juliet

The eventsThe events

listed on thelisted on the

time linetime line

contributed tocontributed to

which of thewhich of the

following?following? Decreased interest Decreased interest

in the artsin the arts Decreased concern Decreased concern

for educationfor education Increased interest in Increased interest in

learning about the learning about the worldworld

Increased desire for Increased desire for unlimited unlimited government powergovernment power

ANSWER: increased ANSWER: increased interest in learning about the interest in learning about the worldworld

Which was the MAIN result Which was the MAIN result of the Columbian Exchange?of the Columbian Exchange?

Many Native Americans immigrated to Europe.Many Native Americans immigrated to Europe. Religions begun in North America spread to Religions begun in North America spread to

countries in Asia and Europe.countries in Asia and Europe. Foods native to North America were introduced to Foods native to North America were introduced to

other parts of the world.other parts of the world. Native American groups gained new wealth as a Native American groups gained new wealth as a

result of trade with Europe.result of trade with Europe.

ANSWER: Foods native to North America were introduced to other parts of the world.

How was the House of How was the House of Burgesses in Jamestown Burgesses in Jamestown significant to the formation significant to the formation of the United States?of the United States?

It was an example of how to create a It was an example of how to create a democratic government.democratic government.

Who is most associated Who is most associated with the Lost Colony of with the Lost Colony of Roanoke?Roanoke?

Walter RaleighWalter Raleigh

List segments (products) of List segments (products) of the colonial “triangular the colonial “triangular trade.”trade.”

Traders bought molasses in the Caribbean.Traders bought molasses in the Caribbean. Molasses was made into rum in New York.Molasses was made into rum in New York. West Africa exchanged slaves for rum.West Africa exchanged slaves for rum.

Who began the movement Who began the movement to reform the Catholic to reform the Catholic Church?Church?

Martin LutherMartin Luther

What was the colonists’ What was the colonists’ experience with experience with representative government representative government beforebefore they came to America? they came to America? The idea of representative government was brand new The idea of representative government was brand new

to the colonists.to the colonists. The government in England contained only appointed The government in England contained only appointed

officials.officials. They had to live under a representative government in They had to live under a representative government in

England.England. Parliament was established after most colonists had Parliament was established after most colonists had

emigrated to America.emigrated to America.

ANSWER: They had to live under a representative government in England.ANSWER: They had to live under a representative government in England.(English Parliament was made up of elected officials.)(English Parliament was made up of elected officials.)

Which statement BEST describes the Which statement BEST describes the encomienda system established by encomienda system established by the Spanish in the America?the Spanish in the America?

A class system established in areas conquered by A class system established in areas conquered by the Spanishthe Spanish

An innovative method of agricultureAn innovative method of agriculture The practice of sending profits of conquest back to The practice of sending profits of conquest back to

SpainSpain A system of rewarding soldiers by giving them A system of rewarding soldiers by giving them

control over Native American villagescontrol over Native American villagesANSWER: A system of rewarding soldiers by giving them control over A system of rewarding soldiers by giving them control over Native American villagesNative American villages

Study the list below. Study the list below.

The above situations all resulted from a The above situations all resulted from a series of complex interactions known asseries of complex interactions known as

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange

Corn is popularized throughout Europe.Corn is popularized throughout Europe. Wheat and barley are introduced to the WesternWheat and barley are introduced to the Western

Hemisphere.Hemisphere. The Spanish reintroduce horses to the Americas.The Spanish reintroduce horses to the Americas. American maize and sweet potatoes become staple cropsAmerican maize and sweet potatoes become staple crops

in China.in China. Native Americans suffer a 90% population loss as a resultNative Americans suffer a 90% population loss as a result

of exposure to European diseases.of exposure to European diseases.

The first fort in America built The first fort in America built by the Spanish was located inby the Spanish was located in

Natchez, Mississippi.Natchez, Mississippi. New Orleans, Louisiana.New Orleans, Louisiana. El Paso, Texas.El Paso, Texas. St. Augustine, FloridaSt. Augustine, Florida

ANSWER: St. Augustine, Florida

What instrument What instrument determined a ship’s determined a ship’s position using the sun and position using the sun and stars?stars?

sextantsextant

List three main results of List three main results of the Reformation.the Reformation.

Pilgrims from England sought religious Pilgrims from England sought religious freedom in the New World.freedom in the New World.

People left the Catholic Church to form People left the Catholic Church to form their own churches.their own churches.

Spanish Catholics went to the New World Spanish Catholics went to the New World to convert Native Americans to to convert Native Americans to Catholicism. Catholicism.

List major contributions to List major contributions to America by the French.America by the French.

MusicMusic ArchitectureArchitecture FoodFood

The Columbian Exchange The Columbian Exchange involved transfer of foods involved transfer of foods --- --- Select the correct answer:Select the correct answer:

Only from America to EuropeOnly from America to Europe Only from Africa to EuropeOnly from Africa to Europe Between America and Europe, Africa, and AsiaBetween America and Europe, Africa, and Asia Only from Europe to AmericaOnly from Europe to America

ANSWER: Between America and Europe, Africa, and AsiaANSWER: Between America and Europe, Africa, and Asia

Potatoes and corn ---Potatoes and corn ---

Select the correct answer:Select the correct answer:

Improved European dietsImproved European diets Helped people live longerHelped people live longer Moved from America to EuropeMoved from America to Europe All of the aboveAll of the aboveANSWER: All of the aboveANSWER: All of the above

Which of the following Which of the following enabled Native Americans enabled Native Americans to raise livestock?to raise livestock?Select the correct answer:Select the correct answer:

The availability of corn as animal feedThe availability of corn as animal feed Cattle, sheep, and pigs from EuropeCattle, sheep, and pigs from Europe Cattle, sheep, and pigs from AmericaCattle, sheep, and pigs from America Christopher ColumbusChristopher ColumbusANSWER: Cattle, sheep, and pigs from EuropeANSWER: Cattle, sheep, and pigs from Europe

What power did the colonial What power did the colonial assemblies have over the assemblies have over the royal governors?royal governors?Select the correct answer:Select the correct answer: Assemblies elected the governors.Assemblies elected the governors. Assemblies paid the governors’ salaries.Assemblies paid the governors’ salaries. Assemblies advised the king whom to appoint Assemblies advised the king whom to appoint

as governors.as governors. Assemblies had no power over the governors.Assemblies had no power over the governors.

ANSWER: ANSWER: Assemblies paid the governors’ salaries.Assemblies paid the governors’ salaries.

While anchored at Cape Cod, the While anchored at Cape Cod, the Pilgrims drew up a document outlining Pilgrims drew up a document outlining the self-government of their new the self-government of their new colony. This was the first document of colony. This was the first document of its kind in the English colonies. What its kind in the English colonies. What is the name of this historic document?is the name of this historic document?

the Bill of Rightsthe Bill of Rights the Fundamental Orders of Connecticutthe Fundamental Orders of Connecticut the Mayflower Compactthe Mayflower Compact the Statute for Religious Freedomthe Statute for Religious Freedom

ANSWER: the Mayflower Compact

Spanish Explorers in the New WorldSpanish Explorers in the New World

Based on the chart above and your own knowledge, what Based on the chart above and your own knowledge, what did many conquistadors have in common?did many conquistadors have in common?

They found what they were looking for.They found what they were looking for. They fell prey to Native American war parties.They fell prey to Native American war parties. There were searching for the Northwest Passage.There were searching for the Northwest Passage. They were searching for gold.They were searching for gold.

ANSWER: ANSWER: They were searching for gold.They were searching for gold.

ConquistadorConquistador GoalGoal ResultResult

Cabeza de Cabeza de VacaVaca

fabled “City of God”fabled “City of God” explored southwestern North Americaexplored southwestern North America

Vasques de Vasques de CoronadoCoronado

““Seven Golden Seven Golden Cities”Cities”

explored present-day Kansas; called explored present-day Kansas; called buffalo “shaggy cows”buffalo “shaggy cows”

Hernando de Hernando de SotoSoto

searched north of searched north of Florida for goldFlorida for gold

explored southeastern North America; explored southeastern North America; killed many Native Americans and raided killed many Native Americans and raided their villages for suppliestheir villages for supplies

Which country settled Which country settled mainly in North America?mainly in North America?

EnglandEngland

What was used by the What was used by the founders of the U.S. as a founders of the U.S. as a working model of working model of representative representative government?government?

House of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

The diagram lists The diagram lists reasons for English reasons for English colonization of colonization of North America. North America. Which of the Which of the following BEST following BEST completes the completes the diagram?diagram?

> Escape disease in Europe> Escape disease in Europe> Find raw materials> Find raw materials> Establish an agricultural > Establish an agricultural base base> Access Native American > Access Native American technologies technologies

Searchfor

wealth

?Providedebtorswith anewstart

NewMarkets

formanufactured

goods

Religiousfreedom

REASONS FOR

COLONIZATION

ANSWER:find raw materials

While fighting the Crusades in While fighting the Crusades in the Middle East, European the Middle East, European merchants made many merchants made many profitable trading contacts profitable trading contacts with the Orient. Why did this with the Orient. Why did this lead to the discovery of the lead to the discovery of the New World?New World?

Trading with the Orient required land Trading with the Orient required land travel, which was costly and took great travel, which was costly and took great amounts of time. Explorers began amounts of time. Explorers began looking for a sea route to the Orient.looking for a sea route to the Orient.

Granted a charter in 1628, Granted a charter in 1628, the Massachusetts Bay the Massachusetts Bay Colony became a haven for Colony became a haven for which group?which group?

PuritansPuritans

Who searched for the Who searched for the “Fountain of Youth” in “Fountain of Youth” in Florida?Florida?

Juan Ponce de LeonJuan Ponce de Leon

What early colonial What early colonial document guaranteed just document guaranteed just and equal laws for all, and equal laws for all, regardless of social status?regardless of social status?

Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact

What term refers to the What term refers to the European period of European period of renewed interest in the renewed interest in the sciences, art, and sciences, art, and literature?literature?

RenaissanceRenaissance

Chapter 1 AHSGEChapter 1 AHSGEReview VocabularyReview Vocabulary

An instrument that allowed An instrument that allowed sailors to find their position sailors to find their position from the starsfrom the stars

astrolabeastrolabe

Who searched for the Who searched for the “Seven Cities of Gold” in “Seven Cities of Gold” in the present-day the present-day southwestern United southwestern United States?States?

Francisco CornonadoFrancisco Cornonado

What term refers to people What term refers to people who signed a contract to who signed a contract to work for a certain length of work for a certain length of time in exchange for time in exchange for passage to the colonies?passage to the colonies?

Indentured servantsIndentured servants

Hunted for gold in the Hunted for gold in the present-day southeastern present-day southeastern United StatesUnited States

Hernando de SotoHernando de Soto

What agreement did the What agreement did the Pilgrims sign before landing Pilgrims sign before landing at Plymouth? (It specified at Plymouth? (It specified equal laws for all.)equal laws for all.)

Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact

What term refers to the What term refers to the colonial commerce paths colonial commerce paths between the Caribbean, between the Caribbean, New England, and Africa?New England, and Africa?

Triangular trade routeTriangular trade route

What term refers to the What term refers to the European period of European period of renewed interest in the renewed interest in the sciences, art, and sciences, art, and literature?literature?

RenaissanceRenaissance

Who began the movement Who began the movement to reform the Catholic to reform the Catholic Church?Church?

Martin LutherMartin Luther

What term refers to the What term refers to the trade of crops, plants, trade of crops, plants, animals, and diseases animals, and diseases between Europe and North between Europe and North America?America?

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange

Which explorer (representing Which explorer (representing Spain) set out to find a new Spain) set out to find a new route to Asia in 1492? (His route to Asia in 1492? (His voyage marked the beginning voyage marked the beginning of European efforts to colonize of European efforts to colonize the Americas.)the Americas.)

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus

A series of wars fought in A series of wars fought in the Middle Ages by the Middle Ages by Christians to conquer the Christians to conquer the Holy Land from MuslimsHoly Land from Muslims

CrusadesCrusades

A large estate farmed by A large estate farmed by many workersmany workers

plantationplantation

Who were the Spanish Who were the Spanish explorers who conquered explorers who conquered Native American empires?Native American empires?

conquistadoresconquistadores

What instrument uses a What instrument uses a magnetic needle to indicate magnetic needle to indicate direction?direction?

compasscompass

Name the economic policy Name the economic policy that favored that favored exportsexports over over importsimports in order to increase in order to increase a nation’s gold reserves.a nation’s gold reserves.

mercantilismmercantilism

Who explored Florida for Who explored Florida for the fountain of youth?the fountain of youth?

Juan Ponce de LeonJuan Ponce de Leon

What term refers to a What term refers to a private business that sells private business that sells shares to investors?shares to investors?

Joint-stock companyJoint-stock company

What was the first city What was the first city founded by Europeans in founded by Europeans in North America?North America?

St. AugustineSt. Augustine

Which Spanish explorer Which Spanish explorer conquered the Aztecs in conquered the Aztecs in Mexico?Mexico?

Hernando CortezHernando Cortez

What term refers to a 16What term refers to a 16thth century movement that century movement that resulted in the separation resulted in the separation of the Protestant church of the Protestant church from the Roman Catholic from the Roman Catholic church?church?

ReformationReformation

What term refers to colonial What term refers to colonial government made of government made of elected representatives?elected representatives?

House of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

Who defeated the Incas in Who defeated the Incas in Peru with metal-clad Peru with metal-clad soldiers?soldiers?

Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro

Name the ship with Name the ship with triangular sail and rudder triangular sail and rudder that allowed explorers to that allowed explorers to sail into the wind.sail into the wind.

caravelcaravel

What instrument What instrument determined a ship’s determined a ship’s position by using the sun position by using the sun and stars?and stars?

sextantsextant

Study Study