Introduction to english linguistics

Chapter 1: The sounds: Phonetics

QuestionsPhonetics

What types of speech sounds? ( languages of the world and individual languages)

How can we describe them?

Which criteria can be used to make out different sounds?

QuestionsArticulatory Phonetics:

How do we create speech sounds? In what way does the production of one sound differ from that of another? Which articulation-related criteria can be used to distinguish and classify different speech sounds?

QuestionsAcoustic Phonetics:

What is the physical reality of a speech sound and how can the acoustic differences between speech sounds be measured? Which physical properties are characteristic of particular sounds?

QuestionsAuditory Phonetics:

How are speech sounds perceived and processed by the listener?

Spelling vs. Pronunciation I

Same kind of letters Same kind of sounds

e.g.(2a), (2b) e.g. 8 letters 8 sounds

Same amount of letters Same amount of sounds

Spelling vs. Pronunciation II(2a) rune who shoe moon you true same vowel sound, different spelling same spelling, different pronunciation beat head great heard heart (2b)

The vocal tract

All parts of vocal tract, involved in speech production----------> Articulators

Those which can be moved: active articulators (e.g.) Those which cannot change their position: passive articulators (e.g. upper teeth)