Chapter 15 – The Roman

Empire

The Roman Empire – Notes (page 1)

Augustus Caesar

• First ______ of Rome

Augustus Caesar

• First emperor of Rome

• Emperor from __ BCE to __ CE (__ years)

• Emperor from 27 BCE to 14 CE (__ years)

• Emperor from 27 BCE to 14 CE (41 years)

• Real name was _______

• Real name was Octavian

• Grandnephew and adopted son of __________

• Grandnephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar

How Augustus Caesar Became Emperor

• 42 BCE – _______________ was created (1) _______________ formed after__________ was murdered (and his assassins were all murdered)

2

How Augustus Caesar Became Emperor

• 42 BCE – Second Triumvirate was created

(1) Second Triumvirate formed afterJulius Caesar was murdered

(and his assassins were all murdered)

2

(2) There were _ members of the Second Triumvirate(a) ______

* Julius Caesar’s top officer * controlled Africa

(2) There were 3 members of the Second Triumvirate(a) ______

* Julius Caesar’s top officer * controlled Africa

(2) There were 3 members of the Second Triumvirate(a) Lepidus

* Julius Caesar’s top officer * controlled Africa

(b) __________* Julius Caesar’s general

and friend* controlled eastern

part of Roman Empire

(b) Marc Antony* Julius Caesar’s

general and friend* controlled

eastern part of Roman Empire

(c) _______* Julius Caesar’s

grandnephew * controlled Western part of Roman Empire

(c) Octavian* Julius Caesar’s

grandnephew * controlled Western part of Roman Empire

• 31 BCE – Second Triumvirate ended after 3 men began to fight – ______

• 27 BCE – ______ over – _______ became sole ruler of Rome

• 31 BCE – Second Triumvirate ended after 3 men began to fight – civil war

• 27 BCE – civil war over – _______ became sole ruler of Rome

• 31 BCE – Second Triumvirate ended after 3 men began to fight – civil war

• 27 BCE – civil war over – Octavian became sole ruler of Rome

The Roman Empire – Notes (page 2)

63 – 44 BCE - Gaius Octavius Thurinus

44 – 31 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar

27 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus

63 – 44 BCE - Gaius Octavius Thurinus

“Octavius”

44 – 31 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar

27 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus

63 – 44 BCE - Gaius Octavius Thurinus

44 – 31 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar

“Octavian”

27 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus

63 – 44 BCE - Gaius Octavius Thurinus

44 – 31 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar

27 BCE - Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus

“Augustus”

The 1st Roman Emperor – Augustus Caesar

• __ BCE – _______ became sole ruler of Rome

The 1st Roman Emperor – Augustus Caesar

• __ BCE – Octavian became sole ruler of Rome

The 1st Roman Emperor – Augustus Caesar

• 27 BCE – Octavian became sole ruler of Rome

• Names given to ______ by _________

(1) ______ – means “_________”(2) ___________ – means “_____

__________” or “________ ________”

• Names given to Octavian by _________

(1) ______ – means “_________”(2) ___________ – means “_____

__________” or “________ ________”

• Names given to Octavian by the Senate

(1) ______ – means “_________”(2) ___________ – means “_____

__________” or “________ ________”

• Names given to Octavian by the Senate

(1) ______ – means “First Citizen”(2) ___________ – means “_____

__________” or “________ ________”

• Names given to Octavian by the Senate

(1) Princeps – means “First Citizen” (2) ___________ – means “_____ __________” or “________ ________”

• Names given to Octavian by the Senate

(1) Princeps – means “First Citizen” (2) ___________ – means “Father of all Romans” or “Father of his country”

• Names given to Octavian by the Senate

(1) Princeps – means “First Citizen” (2) Pater Familias – means “Father of all Romans” or “Father of his country”

• _______ changed his name to _______ – means “____________”

• Octavian changed his name to Augustus – means “____________”

• Octavian changed his name to Augustus – means “the revered one”

• Why did the Senate “accept” Augustus as sole ruler?

(1) Augustus Caesar was ____ about his power (a) he held many gov’t positions

(___________________ ________), but he refusedto be _____________

• Why did the Senate “accept” Augustus as sole ruler?

(1) Augustus Caesar was clever about his power (a) he held many gov’t positions

(___________________ ________), but he refusedto be _____________

• Why did the Senate “accept” Augustus as sole ruler?

(1) Augustus Caesar was clever about his power (a) he held many gov’t positions

(consul, senator, tribune, high priest), but he refusedto be _____________

• Why did the Senate “accept” Augustus as sole ruler?

(1) Augustus Caesar was clever about his power (a) he held many gov’t positions

(consul, senator, tribune, high priest), but he refusedto be crowned emperor

• Why did the Senate “accept” Augustus as sole ruler?

(1) Augustus Caesar was clever about his power (a) he held many gov’t positions

(consul, senator, tribune, high priest), but he refusedto be crowned emperor

(2) Augustus Caesar kept ___ ________, _________, and __

___________________________

(3) Augustus Caesar made __________ feel honored

(2) Augustus Caesar kept the assemblies, the Senate, and

the other gov’t offices of the Republic

(3) Augustus Caesar made __________ feel honored

(2) Augustus Caesar kept the assemblies, the Senate, and

the other gov’t offices of the Republic

(3) Augustus Caesar made the Senators feel honored

(2) Augustus Caesar kept the assemblies, the Senate, and

the other gov’t offices of the Republic

(3) Augustus Caesar made the Senators feel honored

Great things Augustus did for Rome

• ______________________ so that it ran well

• Began taking a _____ (population count) for _____ purposes

Great things Augustus did for Rome

• Reorganized the government so that it ran well

• Began taking a _____ (population count) for taxing purposes

Great things Augustus did for Rome

• Reorganized the government so that it ran well

• Began taking a census (population count) for taxing purposes

Great things Augustus did for Rome

• Reorganized the government so that it ran well

• Began taking a census (population count) for taxing purposes

Before

Great things Augustus did for Rome

• Reorganized the government so that it ran well

• Began taking a census (population count) for taxing purposes

After

• ________ Rome – restored old temples, built new

ones

• Beautified Rome – restored old temples, built new ones

• Beautified Rome – restored old temples, built new ones

(2) famous quote – “________________________________ ___________.”

(2) famous quote – “I found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble.”

• Passed strict laws to govern ____ ______

(1) an attempt to bring back the old Roman _____ of honor, virtue, patriotism

• Passed strict laws to govern public behavior

(1) an attempt to bring back the old Roman _____ of honor, virtue, patriotism

• Passed strict laws to govern public behavior

(1) an attempt to bring back the old Roman values of honor, virtue, patriotism

• Took care of “the people” (the _______) (1) created jobs for the poor - continued huge public works projects

• Took care of “the people” (the plebeians) (1) created jobs for the poor - continued huge public works projects

(2) “______________” – free foodand entertainment for the

poor

(2) “bread and circuses” – free food and entertainment for the poor

• Established the _____________ – special guard for Emperor

• Established the Praetorian Guard – special guard for Emperor

• Made Romans feel _______ and ____.

• Made Romans feel patriotic and proud.

The Legacy of Augustus Caesar

• Augustus ruled as Emperor for __ years – died in 14 CE

27 + 14 = ___

The Legacy of Augustus Caesar

• Augustus ruled as Emperor for 41 years – died in 14 CE

27 + 14 = 41

• _________ – 200 years of peace and progress in Rome

(1) it was begun by _______ and his ability to ______

_________ and ______

• _________ – 200 years of peace and progress in Rome

(1) it was begun by Augustus and his ability to organize government and rule well

• Pax Romana – 200 years of peace and progress in Rome

(1) it was begun by Augustus and his ability to organize government and rule well

• Major changes during the Pax Romana

(1) ____ increased(a) everyone in the empire

used the same ____

• Major changes during the Pax Romana

(1) trade increased(a) everyone in the empire

used the same coins

(2) Roman ___ went through major changes

(2) Roman law went through major changes

(a) principles of law were developed that were fair to everyone * all people ____ before ______ * innocent until __________ * legal procedures same in all parts of the empire

(a) principles of law were developed that were fair to everyone * all people equal before the law * innocent until proven guilty

* legal procedures same in all parts of the empire

• From 27 BCE to 476 CE, __ different emperors would rule the Roman

Empire

Tiberius Caligula ClaudiusAugustus Nero

Trajan Hadrian Diocletian Constantine IRomulus

Augustulus

• From 27 BCE to 476 CE, 82 different emperors would rule the Roman

Empire

Tiberius Caligula ClaudiusAugustus Nero

Trajan Hadrian Diocletian Constantine IRomulus

Augustulus