chapter 2 types of entrepreneurship

7/24/2019 Chapter 2 Types of Entrepreneurship

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All Rights ReservedFundamentals of Entrepreneurship Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T), 2013 1 1


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CHAPTER 2

TYPES OFENTREPRENERSH!P


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O"#e$tives

The oje!"#$e% of "h#% !ha&"er are "o'

d#%%e#na"e and #n"en%#f *no+ede on "he d#fferen" "&e% of

en"re&rener%h#& and en"re&rener%

d#fferen"#a"e "he d#fferen!e% a%ed on en"re&rener#a

a!"#$#"#e% a% +e a% "he fn!"#on% a%%ed "he

en"re&rener%


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%earning Out$omes

At the end of this $hapter& students should "e a"le to'

!a%%#f "he "&e% of en"re&rener%h#& and en"re&rener% #n"o

&ro&er !on"ex" +#"ho" an d#ff#!"

d#fferen"#a"e and ar"#!a"e "he d#fferen" "&e% of

en"re&rener%h#& and en"re&rener% "ha" ex#%" #n "he !rren"

en"re&rener%h#& #"era"re

ex&a#n "he d#fferen"#a"#n fa!"or% a%ed on "he re%&e!"#$e

en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% and fn!"#on% of "he en"re&rener%.


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!ntrodu$tion

n"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% #n "he for of &rod!#n ood% and

%er$#!e% for han need%, %e#n, "rad#n or ex!han#n of

ood% +ere #n ex#%"en!e %#n!e "#e #eor#a.

re%en", en"re&rener%h#& de$eo&en" #% re!on#ed a% an

#&or"an" !a"a%" "ha" !an %&r e!ono#! ro+"h and&ro%&er#" e%&e!#a #n "he !on"r#e% "ha" &ra!"#%e free ar*e"

e!ono.


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!ntrodu$tion '$ont()

n"re&rener%h#& def#n#"#on #% a &ro!e%% of #den"#f#n "he

o&&or"n#", !on$er"#n "he o&&or"n#" #n"o ar*e"ae

&rod!"% or %er$#!e% %#n !rea"#$e and #nno$a"#$e ean%

and "hroh "he &ro!e%% !rea"e% $ae and +ea"h "o "he

%o!#e". n"re&rener% are #nd#$#da% +ho nder"a*e en"re&rener#a

&ro!e%%.


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Entrepreneurship versus

Entrepreneur

n"re&rener%h#& refer% "o an en"re&rener#a &ro!e%% +h#e

en"re&rener #% "he #nd#$#da "ha" exe!"e% "he &ro!e%%.

n"re&rener%h#& en"#" or ron% !an e !a"eor#ed

a%ed on "he "&e of en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% e#n !arr#ed

o". The en"re&rener%h#& &ro!e%% a !o&r#%e %e$era

en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% +h#!h #h" d#ffer fro one

oran#a"#on "o "he o"her.

T&e% of en"re&rener% are e%" de%!r#ed #n "er% of "he#ro"#$e% and "he#r fn!"#on% a% en"re&rener%.


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T*pes of Entrepreneurship


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Corporate Entrepreneurship

or&ora"e en"re&rener%h#& refer% "o "he en"re&rener#a

a!"#$#"#e% !arr#ed o" #n are !or&ora"#on%.

5are !o&an#e% ha$e "o !on"#na ex&and and d#$er%#f

"he#r en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% #n order "o %%"a#n #"% ex#%"en!e

!rea"#n ne+ &rod!"% or %er$#!e% "o "he#r !%"oer%.


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Corporate Entrepreneurship

'$ont() The #n"rod!"#on of en"re&rener#a !"re and &ro!e%% !ane %een a% an effor" "o

#n%"#a"e rene+a or #nno$a"#on #n "he oran#a"#on (Shara 6

hr#%an, 1999)

ex&ore re%ear!h "a*e !a!a"ed r#%*% and #n$e%" #n ne+ &ro#%#n area%

!rea"e a +or*#n en$#ronen" "ha" !an "oera"e ex&er#en"a"#on,

n!er"a#n", r#%* and fa#re%


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Private or !ndependent

Entrepreneurship

r#$a"e or #nde&enden" en"re&rener%h#& refer% "o'

"he en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% of &r#$a"e or #nde&enden" f#r% +here

"he en"re&rener%h#& &ro!e%% #% o%" &re$aen"

The en"re&rener%h#& &ro!e%% e#n% +#"h

"he #den"#f#!a"#on of %#ne%% o&&or"n#"

%e""#n-& of "he %#ne%% en"#"

ro+#n "he %#ne%% "o a h#her e$e

&ann#n for "he har$e%" %"ra"e


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The ajor#" of "he %a and ed#-%#ed en"er&r#%e% #n

"h#% !on"r eon "o "h#% *#nd of en"re&rener%h#&.

nde&enden" en"re&rener%h#& !on"r#"e% "o "he na"#on%

e!ono #n "er% of &ro$#d#n jo% and $ae added

#n#"#a"#$e%.

Private or !ndependent

Entrepreneurship '$ont()


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!ntrapreneurship

n"ra&rener%h#& !an e def#ned a%'

an #nno$a"#$e !or&ora"e anaeen" %"ra"e "ha" en!orae%

e&oee% +#"h#n an oran#a"#on "o !rea"e ne+ &rod!" #dea%:

#f e&oee% #dea% are a&&ro$ed, anaeen" +# f#nan!e

re%ear!h and de$eo&en" of "he &rod!" +h#e %har#n ane;#"ae &ar"ner%h#& arraneen" +#"h "he e&oee

n"ra&rener%h#& %!hee ao+% and en!orae%

en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% +#"h#n "he !or&ora"#on or #n%"#""#on


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So$ial Entrepreneurship

So!#a en"re&rener%h#& refer% "o "he en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e%

!arr#ed o" %o!#a en"er&r#%e%,


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O"her exa&e% of %o!#e"#e% and !% are S"den"% #n Free

n"er&r#%e (SF), So!#e" for "he ?ord ?#d 5#fe ro"e!"#on

(??F), So!#e" for +efare and a#d for nfor"na"e ro&%

#*e or&han%, ae%"#n#an%, aor##ne%, ran and rra &oor

There are a%o %o!#e"#e% fored "o !a"er "o %&e!#f#! #n"ere%"%

#*e "he @aa%#an


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Pu"li$ Se$tor Entrepreneurship

#! %e!"or en"re&rener%h#& refer% "o en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e%!arr#ed o" o$ernen"-#n*ed !o&an#e% (=5%) or %"a"e-o+ned en"er&r#%e%.

The ajor#" of "he%e !o&an#e% +ere fored a% &ar" of "he

na"#on% &r#$a"#a"#on &rorae +h#!h a#ed a" &ro$#d#n oreeff#!#en" %er$#!e% "o "he &eo&e. S"a"e-o+ned en"er&r#%e% %!h a% "he S% are enaed #n

!er"a#n en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% "hroh jo#n"-$en"re%, e;#"&ar"#!#&a"#on a% +e a% anaeen" o"%.

The are a%o en"r%"ed +#"h "he "a%* of en"re&rener%h#&de$eo&en" #n "he#r re%&e!"#$e %"a"e%.


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A$ademi$ Entrepreneurship

n"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% #n a!ade#! and re%ear!h #n%"#""#on%

a#n #n$o$e'

re%ear!h and de$eo&en" of ne+ &rod!"%, &ro!e%%e%, %%"e%,

a"er#a%, e"!. +#"h "he oje!"#$e% "ha" "he%e #nno$a"#on% +# ead "o

#n"ee!"a &ro&er" r#h"% (e.. &a"en"%, !o&r#h", "radear*) and #"%!oer!#a#a"#on "hroh o"r#h" %ae of %, "e!hnoo #!en%#n

or "hroh !rea"#on of ne+ $en"re%.


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Other +ariants of Entrepreneurship

There are a%o o"her $ar#an"% of en"re&rener%h#& %!h a%

ender en"re&rener%h#&

&o#"#!a en"re&rener%h#&

e"hn#! and %e!"ar#an en"re&rener%h#&

ar#!"re and "e!hnoo en"re&rener%h#&, e"!.

=ender en"re&rener%h#& refer% "o en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% "ha"

are !arr#ed o" +oen or an en"re&rener%h#& &rorae

"are"ed "o "h#% &ar"#!ar ro&.


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"hn#! en"re&rener%h#& refer% "o en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e%!arr#ed o" "he $ar#o% e"hn#! ro&% #n "he !on"r. S"d#e% #n"h#% area of en"re&rener%h#& fo!% on +he"her !er"a#n e"hn#!ro& #% ore en"re&rener#a "han "he o"her% and "he fa!"or%

!on"r#"#n "o "ha" &henoenon. o#"#!a en"re&rener%h#& refer% "o en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e%

!arr#ed o" $ar#o% en"er&r#%e% "ha" are !rea"ed &o#"#!a&ar"#e% a% $eh#!e% "o %or!e fnd% for "he &o#"#!a &ar"#e%.

Ar#!"re en"re&rener%h#& and "e!hnoo en"re&rener%h#&

are "er% %ed "o refer en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% #n ar#!"reand "e!hnoo re%&e!"#$e.

Other +ariants of Entrepreneurship


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T*pes of Entrepreneurs

The !a%%#f#!a"#on on "&e% of en"re&rener%h#& #% a%ed &on

"he en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% !arr#ed o" #n ea!h "&e of

oran#a"#onC !a"eor#a"#on of en"re&rener% #% a%ed &on

"he fn!"#on% and roe% of "he en"re&rener% #n "he#r

re%&e!"#$e oran#a"#on%.


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Corporate Entrepreneurs

or&ora"e en"re&rener% are "ho%e +ho anaed are

!or&ora"#on %a ! #%"ed !o&an#e%. or&ora"e

en"re&rener% "!a hod "he &o%#"#on of h#ef xe!"#$e

Off#!er or @ana#n #re!"or and "he are e#"her e&oed or

o+n %hare% #n "ho%e !or&ora"#on%. n "h#% %en%e, !or&ora"e en"re&rener% are *no+n a%

#n"ra&rener% e!a%e "he a%%e "he exa!" roe of

en"re&rener% #n ana#n "he oran#a"#on%. n o%" !a%e%

!or&ora"e en"re&rener% are &rofe%%#ona%.


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!ndependent Entrepreneurs

on%#dered a% "he &re "&e of en"re&rener, #nde&enden"

en"re&rener% o+n and anae "he#r o+n !o&an#e%.

The #n$e%" and "a*e r#%* &on an de!#%#on ade and "h%

ha$e !o&e"e !on"ro of "he oran#a"#on.

Th#% "&e of en"re&rener% enera ex#%" #n o%" S@% #n

"he !on"r.


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So$ial Entrepreneurs

Th#% "&e of en"re&rener% ex#%" #n %o!#a oran#a"#on% or

en"er&r#%e% "o a!h#e$e "he#r %o!#a oje!"#$e% and "o %%"a#n

"he#r oran#%a"#on a% an on o#n !on!ern.

The fn!"#on exa!" a% !or&ora"e en"re&rener% +here "he

ado&" en"re&rener%h#& &r#n!#&e% #n ana#n "he#roran#a"#on%.

So!#a en"re&rener% are ore !on!erned +#"h a!h#e$#n "he

%o!#a >O ra"her "han "he f#nan!#a >O.


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Pu"li$ Entrepreneurs

The%e en"re&rener% are fond #n ! %e!"or oran#a"#on%

#n!d#n o$ernen"-#n*ed !o&an#e% and %"a"e-o+ned

en"er&r#%e%.

#! en"re&rener% fn!"#on exa!" a% !or&ora"e

en"re&rener%:a&n "he %ae en"re&rener%h#&&r#n!#&e% #n ana#n oran#a"#on% or !o&an#e%.

Soe"#e% "he are a%o *no+n a% #n"ra&rener% %#n!e "he

%a do no" o+n "he !o&an#e%.


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A$ademi$ Entrepreneurs

A!ade#! en"re&rener% ex#%" #n o%" #n%"#""#on% of h#her

earn#n a% +e a% #n re%ear!h and de$eo&en"

oran#a"#on%.

The are %a #n$o$ed #n en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e% "ha"

ead "o "he #nno$a"#on and !oer!#a#a"#on of > 6 &rod!"% or &ro!e%%e%.


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Other +ariants of Entrepreneurs

O"her $ar#an"% of en"re&rener% #n!de' %er#a en"re&rener%

#fe%"e en"re&rener%

na%!en" en"re&rener%

ne!e%%#" en"re&rener%

"e!hno&rener%

ar#&rener%

nfo&rener%

ed&rener%


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Serial Entrepreneurs

Ser#a en"re&rener% refer "o "ho%e +ho !on"#no% %"ar"

ne+ $en"re% and %e off "he $en"re% a" a a"er %"ae.

Th#% "&e of en"re&rener "!a &o%%e%%e% a h#her e$e

of en"re&rener#a !hara!"er#%"#!% and a%%e% a h#her e$e

of r#%*. Do+e$er, heE%he #% %a hand%oe re+arded fro "he

%ae of %!!e%%f $en"re%.


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%ifest*le Entrepreneurs

The%e en"re&rener% %a %"ar" ne+ $en"re% o" of "he#r

&a%%#on ra"her "han %oe for &rof#".

The %a !o#ne "he#r &er%ona #n"ere%"% and "aen"%

and "he need "o earn a #$#n and &roa !rea"e +ea"h

aon "he +a.


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5#fe%"e en"re&rener% de$eo& and ro+ "he#r %#ne%%e% #n

order "o a*e a %%"a#nae #$#n #n "he f#ed of %#ne%% "he

are &a%%#ona"e ao".

@o%" of "he are %ef-e&oed and enjo do#n %oe"h#n "ha"

"he o$e and a" "he %ae "#e a!h#e$e rea"er freedo "hroh+or*#n for "he%e$e%.

%ifest*le Entrepreneurs


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Nas$ent Entrepreneurs


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Ne$essit* Entrepreneurs

The%e en"re&rener% are #n$o$ed #n en"re&rener%h#&

a!"#$#"#e% no" "he#r o+n !ho#!e. @ajor#" of "he are

#n$o$ed #n %"ar"#n & "he#r o+n %#ne%%e% o" of ne!e%%#".

The %a %"ar" "he#r %#ne%%e% a% #!ro en"er&r#%e% and

%oe of "he anae "o de$eo& and ro+ "he %#ne%%e%and e!oe $er %!!e%%f.


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Te$hnopreneurs

Te!hno&rener% refer% "o en"re&rener#a &er%on% +ho are

"e!hnoo %a$$ and earn a for"ne %#n "he#r ex&er"#%e #n "he

re%&e!"#$e "e!hnoo#e%.

Fao% nae% #*e S"e$e o, @#!hae e, B# =a"e% and

o"her% are exa&e% of %!!e%%f "e!hno&rener% #n "he#nfora"#on "e!hnoo a%ed #nd%"r#e%.


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The development of ne, te$hnolog* in high gro,th areas li-e

#nfora"#on "e!hnoo,

hard+are and %of"+are for !ear &hone a%ed "e!hnoo,

e-!oer!e,

e-o$ernen", #o"e!hnoo,

en$#ronen"a fr#end reen "e!hnoo,

"#-ed#a a%ed "e!hnoo,

hea"h and e#%re-a%ed "e!hnoo, &hara!e"#!a%,

a&!a"#on of nano-"e!hnoo, e"!.

ha$e !rea"ed ne+ o&&or"n#"#e% for @aa%#an "e!hno&rener%.

Te$hnopreneurs '$ont()


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rod!"% #*e Gn and n #% an exa&e of "#ed#a

&rod!" "ha" a&&ea% "o "he oa ar*e".

There are a%o %!!e%%f @aa%#an !o&an#e% "ha" &rod!e

%&e!#a#ed %of"+are "o !a"er for a n#!he oa ar*e".

Te$hnopreneurs '$ont()


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!ntrapreneur

n 1992, The Aer#!an Der#"ae #!"#onar a!*no+eded "he

&o&ar %e of a ne+ +ord, #n"ra&rener, "o ean a &er%on

+#"h#n a are !or&ora"#on +ho "a*e% d#re!" re%&on%###" for

"rn#n an #dea #n"o a &rof#"ae f#n#%hed &rod!" "hroh

a%%er"#$e r#%*-"a*#n and #nno$a"#on (?#*#&ed#a).


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Agripreneurs

The%e en"re&rener% are #n$o$ed #n en"re&rener#a a!"#$#"#e%

#n "he ar#!"re %e!"or.

The a e #n$o$ed #n &an"#n and &rod!#n ar#!"re

&rod!"% for !on%&"#on or for fr"her &ro!e%%#n, or o"her

area% #n "he %&& !ha#n %!h a% "he do+n%"rea a!"#$#"#e%&ro!e%%#n and &a!*a#n.

The ar#!"re %e!"or a%o #n$o$e% "he f#%h#n #nd%"r,

a;a!"re and an#a h%andr.


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!nfopreneurs

nfo&rener% refer% "o "ho%e +ho "##e #nfora"#on a% a

!ood#" for %ae.

A% #nfora"#on #% &o+erf, #nfo&rener% %e #nfora"#on "o

"ho%e +ho +an" "o %e "he #nfora"#on a% a %#ne%% %"ra"e

or %#& for ar*e"#n and &roo"#ona a!"#$#"#e%.


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All Rights ReservedFundamentals of Entrepreneurship

Edupreneurs

d&rener% are "ho%e #n$o$ed #n %e""#n & ed!a"#ona

#n%"#""#on% &r#$a"e +#"h "he oje!"#$e "o a*e a &rof#".

O+ner% of "#"#on !en"re% and &r#$a"e !oee% are %a *no+n

a% ed&rener%. The o&era"e "he#r #n%"#""#on% a% %#ne%%

oran#a"#on% and a&& %##ar en"re&rener%h#& &r#n!#&e% a% #nan o"her !or&ora"#on%.

chapter 2 types of entrepreneurship

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