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Matching On the lines provided, match the term with its definition.

1. cell

2. cell membrane

3. cell wall

4. nucleus

5. cytoplasm

6. prokaryote

7. eukaryote

8. organelle

9. chromatin

10. phagocytosis

Multiple Choice On the lines provided, write the letter that best completesthe sentence or answers the question.

11. The small dense region in the nucleus where the assembly ofribosomes begins is called thea. nucleolus. b. nuclear envelope.c. chloroplast. d. vacuole.

12. The network of protein filaments that help maintain the shapeof the cell is called thea. nucleus. b. mitochondrion.c. cytoskeleton. d. ribosomes.

13. Which organelles can use energy from sunlight to createenergy-rich food molecules?a. lysosomes b. Golgi apparatic. vacuoles d. chloropasts

14. What is the process by which material is taken into the cell byinfoldings of the cell membrane?a. diffusion b. endocytosisc. osmosis d. exocytosis

15. The fourth, and highest, level of organization in amulticellular organism isa. cell specialization. b. a tissue.c. an organ system. d. an organ.

Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function Chapter Vocabulary Review

a. organism whose cells contain a nucleus

b. granular material visible within the nucleus

c. the basic unit of life

d. specialized structures within a cell that perform importantcell functions

e. organism whose cells do not contain a nucleus

f. strong supporting layer around the cell membrane thatprotects the cell

g. process by which extensions of cytoplasm engulf largeparticles

h. large structure that contains the cell’s genetic information

i. thin, flexible barrier around the cell

j. portion of the cell outside the nucleus

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Labeling Diagrams On the lines provided, label the structures found in ananimal cell that correspond with the numbers in the diagram.

16.

17.

18.

19.

Completion On the lines provided, complete the following sentences.

20. The distinct, threadlike structures that contain the genetic

information of the cell are called .

21. Particles tend to move from an area of high concentration to an

area of low concentration in a process known as .

22. The double-layered sheet that makes up nearly all cell membranes

is called the .

23. The process in which water diffuses through a selectively permeablemembrane is called .

24. The process by which a protein channel allows molecules to cross thecell membrane is called .

25. The process that requires an input of energy to help material movefrom an area of lower concentration to an area of greaterconcentration is called .

Nucleolus

Cell membraneNuclear envelope

17.

18.

Nucleus

Ribosome (attached)

16.

Centrioles

19.

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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic CellsLook at the diagrams below. Label the prokaryotic cell and theeukaryotic cell.

Use the diagrams to answer the question.1. Explain why you labeled each diagram as you did.

Compare and contrast the two types of cells by completing the table.

Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell

Cell membrane present

Nucleus present

Cell size large

Complexity simple

Answer the questions. Circle the correct answer.

2. What type of cells makes up your body?

prokaryotic eukaryotic

3. What type of cell is a bacterial cell?

prokaryotic eukaryotic

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Organelles

Cell membrane Cytoplasm

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Plant CellUse the words below to label the plant cell. Some structures have alreadybeen labeled for you.

cell wall mitochondrion ribosomechloroplast nucleus vacuole

Use the diagram to answer the questions.1. Which structure is found in a plant cell but not in an animal

cell? Circle the correct answer.

chloroplast cell membrane ribosome

2. What is the main function of vacuoles?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

rough endoplasmic reticulumcell membrane

Golgi apparatus

Plant Cell

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Animal CellUse the words below to label the animal cell. Some structures havealready been labeled for you.

cell membrane mitochondrion rough endoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatus nucleus ribosome

Use the diagram to answer the questions.1. What is the area between the nucleus and the cell

membrane called?

2. What cell structures are found on the surface of rough endo-plasmic reticulum but not on smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Animal Cell

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

centrioles

nucleolus

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Organelle FunctionAn organelle is a specialized cell structure. Each organelle func-tions in a different way to help the cell carry out life processes.A mitochondrion, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgiapparatus are pictured and described below. Write the name of theorganelle underneath its picture.

Use the table to answer the question.1. Which of the structures shown above contains a nucleolus?

Organelle Function

controls most cell processes and stores genetic material

makes membrane lipids that will be exported out of the cell

modifies, sorts, and packages materials from the endoplasmic reticulum

converts the energy stored in food into a more useable form

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Plant CellUse the words below to label the plant cell. Some structures have alreadybeen labeled for you.

cell wall mitochondrion ribosomechloroplast nucleus vacuole

Use the diagram to answer the questions.1. Which structure is found in a plant cell but not in an animal

cell? Circle the correct answer.

chloroplast cell membrane ribosome

2. What is the main function of vacuoles?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

rough endoplasmic reticulumcell membrane

Golgi apparatus

Plant Cell

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Animal CellUse the words below to label the animal cell. Some structures havealready been labeled for you.

cell membrane mitochondrion rough endoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatus nucleus ribosome

Use the diagram to answer the questions.1. What is the area between the nucleus and the cell

membrane called?

2. What cell structures are found on the surface of rough endo-plasmic reticulum but not on smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Animal Cell

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

centrioles

nucleolus

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Organelle FunctionAn organelle is a specialized cell structure. Each organelle func-tions in a different way to help the cell carry out life processes.A mitochondrion, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgiapparatus are pictured and described below. Write the name of theorganelle underneath its picture.

Use the table to answer the question.1. Which of the structures shown above contains a nucleolus?

Organelle Function

controls most cell processes and stores genetic material

makes membrane lipids that will be exported out of the cell

modifies, sorts, and packages materials from the endoplasmic reticulum

converts the energy stored in food into a more useable form

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Cell MembranesThe cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell. Most cell membranes are made up of a phospholipid bilayer. This bilayer usually contains membrane proteins embedded in it.Draw a diagram of a portion of a cell membrane. Label the cytoplasmand the area outside the cell. A sample phosolipid and membraneprotein have been diagrammed for you.

Answer the question.1. What do the carbohydrate chains on some membrane

proteins do?

phospholipid

membrane protein

carbohydratechain

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Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high con-centration to an area of low concentration. Osmosis is the diffusionof water through a selectively permeable membrane.Look at the beakers on the left. In the beakers on the right, draw in anychanges in water level or number of solute particles on each side of themembrane that occur as a result of the described process.

Use the diagrams to answer the question. 1. Look at the top left beaker. What would happen if the mem-

brane did not allow water or solute particles to pass through it?

membrane

water

solute particles

Osmosis

water movement

Diffusionof

SoluteParticles

solute particle movement

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Facilitated Diffusion and Active TransportFacilitated diffusion occurs when a substance diffuses across the cell membrane through a protein channel. Active transportoccurs when the cell uses energy to carry a substance across thecell membrane.Look at the diagrams. Label each as either facilitated diffusion oractive transport.

Use the diagram to answer the questions.1. Which process can move molecules from a lower concentration

solution on one side of the membrane to a higher concentrationsolution on the other side?

2. Which process does not require energy?

Glucose molecules Molecule tobe carried

Energy

Moleculebeing carried

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