Chapter 9Sports Psychology

Jeffry Mathis & Minerva Duke-Caruso

Student Learning Objectives

In this chapter we will: Discuss what sport psychologists

do. Explain how sport psychology fits

within Kinesiology. Describe how sport psychology

evolved within the field of Kinesiology.

Student Learning Objectives Help you understand how sport

psychology professionals engage in research and practice.

Discuss what research tells us about personality, motivation, energy management, and group processes.

Explain how intervention techniques are used to enhance participation in physical activity.

What IS sport psychology? A

B

C

Science?

What Does a Sport Psychologist DO? Social-psychological factors that

influence behavior and performance: Why are some individuals motivated to

exercise and others not? Why do some athletes “choke” and

others do not? Why do children drop out of youth sport

programs? Is it better to exercise alone or in a

group?

What Does a Sport Psychologist DO? Psychological effects derived from

participation:

What Does a Sport Psychologist DO? Enhance experience for

participants (ASP):

Where did sport psychology come from? When did it start?

Body and mind

Where did sport psychology come from? A brief North American history:

Norman Triplett 1898

Coleman Griffith 1919-1938

Bruce Ogilvie & Tom Tutko

Research Methods

Personality

Sports Builds Character Does it really? Sports – The W

Sports Builds Character Sports –

“Sport doesn’t build character, people do.” (Vealey, R.S. 2009)

Motivation External

Internal

Competence Motivation Theory

Competence Motivation Theory

Perceived Incompetence

Perceived Competence

More

Enjoyment

No Enjoyment

Fewer

Mastery Attempts

Developing Intrinsic Motivation Intrinsically motivated towards

competence

Group Membership Team Cohesion / Team “chemistry”

Teams with good cohesion perform better. Right?

Cohesion Causes

Cohesion Causes

Cohesion Causes

Cohesion Causes Team Factors

Mental Training

Visualization

Thinking Skills Self Talk

Positive Negative

Body focus Association Disassociation

Behavioral Strategies Goal Setting

SMART Specific Measurable Action-oriented Realistic Time sensitive

AAAAAGGH!!! Stress, Anxiety, and Arousal

What’s the diff? Stress – (Selye 1983)

Anxiety –

Arousal –

Stress Stress –

Perception Eustress Distress Both?

Coping

Anxiety Anxiety – Multidimensional

Trait Anxiety

State Anxiety

Cognitive Anxiety

Somatic Anxiety

Arousal Arousal –

Research What is the relationship between

arousal and athletic performance? Drive Theory

Inverted U theory

Research How do we measure arousal?

Yerkes & Dodson Bzzzzt!

0

50

100

150

200

250Bzzt

Yerkes Dodson What does it mean?

Catastrophe Theory Multidimensional