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CHINA AFTER MAO: The Deng Xiaoping Revolution 1979-97

The Abandonment of Maoism

Significance of Deng XiaopingKEY DATES DURING DENG’S

REIGN:• 1976 Gang of 4 Arrested• 1976-78 Deng Returns to Prominence• 1978 3rd Plenum Convenes• 1979 Pro-Democracy Movement

Begins…Wei Jingsheng Arrested• 1981 Sentencing of the Gang of 4• 1986 Protests in China’s Leading

Universities• 1989 Death of Hu Yaobang

– Mikhail Gorbachev visits China– Pro-democracy demonstration

crushed in Beijing• 1997 Death of Deng Xiaoping

Deng’s Aims in Post-Mao China

• Deng Comes Back to Prominence by 1978

• Legacy is one of greatness in terms of leadership

• China Transformed Under Deng

Deng’s Victory After Mao’s Death• Deng Victim of Cultural Revolution• Deng’s Strengths:

– Long experience at the heart of Chinese politics

– Exceptional political skills– Popularity within the CCP– Support amongst leading party officials

in the center and in the provinces– Contacts with key military leaders– Success in ending the famine in the

1960s– Impressive economic planning record,

worked with Zhou Enlai in drafting a program for national economic recovery

– International Experience, served as Enlai’s principal assistant from 1949-1976.

The Third Plenum 1978: The PRC’s Turning Point

• Third Party Plenum: 1st Major Meeting Since Mao’s Death

• Plenum Passing Historic Resolutions: CCP Reconciles with Past and Looks to Future

• Accepts Deng’s Four Modernizations Plan

• Cultural Revolution Dead• Deng Becomes Paramount

Leader

Dealing with Mao’s Legacy

• Deng’s Great Success in the 1960s• Realization that Mao’s Policies Were Bad for Country• Aware of the Legacy of Mao. How to Move Forward?

The Central Committee Resolution of 1981: 70% Right, 30% Wrong?

• Deng Careful Not to Implicate Himself or Current Leaders

• Mao’s Reputation Subject to Drip Effect

• Party Resolution Comes to Terms with Mao’s Legacy

• Justification for new path

The Trial of the Gang of Four: 1980-81

• Trial Begins in 1980

• Way for Deng to Condemn Mao and Honor Him

• Gang of Four Charged for Deaths and Persecution

Gang of Four Trial

I was Mao’s bitch. Whoever he told me to bite, I bit.

THE ABANDONMENT OF MAOISM

THE ABANDONMENT OF MAOISM

Failure and arrest of the Gang of Four

Deng Xiaoping outmanouvers opponents and comes to power 1976-78

The Third Plenum 1978 begins the destruction of Mao’s Legacy

Trial of the Gang of Four in 1981 marks the end of Maoism

The Central Committee resolution of 1981