CIRCULATORY SYSTEM & BLOOD

THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

• Cardiovascular system: the heart and blood vessels that circulate blood throughout the body

• Pulmonary circulation: the pumping of oxygen-poor blood to the lungs and oxygen-rich blood back to the heart by the right side of the heart

• Systemic circulation: the pumping of oxygen-rich blood to the body and oxygen-poor blood back to the heart by the left side of the heart

COMPONENTS

• Heart• Blood Vessels

THE HEART

• Between the lungs• Off to the Left

• 3 layers of the heart wall• Endocardium• Myocardium• Epicardium

THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

• Aorta: largest artery in the body • Leaves the heart and branches into smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries

carrying oxygen-rich blood to body tissues• Vena cava: largest veins in the body

• Carries oxygen-poor blood from the body back to the heart• Coronary arteries: medium-sized arteries that supply blood to the heart

muscle• Sinus node: group of cells in the right atrium where the electrical signal is

generated that establishes the heartbeat

THE HEART

• Hollow Muscle• 4 Chambers

• Right Atrium• Right Ventricle• Left Atrium• Left Ventricle

• Is the pump that forces the blood to circulate, under pressure, through a series of blood vessels

BLOOD VESSELS

• Arteries• Carry blood away from the heart

• Veins• Return blood to the heart

BLOOD

• Delivers nutrients and oxygen to the cells

• Transports metabolic waste out of the cells

• 6%-8% of body weight• Liquid Plasma

• 55%-60% of volume• Formed Elements

• 40%-45% of volume

FORMED ELEMENTS

• Erythrocytes • Red Blood Cells

• Leukocytes• White Blood Cells

• Thrombocytes• Platelets

PLASMA

• 90%-92% water• 8%-10% dry substance

• Mainly from proteins (6%-8%)• Inorganic (mineral)

• Cations and Anions• Organic components

• Proteins, Lipids, and Carbohydrates

• Plasma Proteins• Albumin• Globulin• Fibrinogen