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Civil War Topics Slide 2 People Slide 3 Abraham Lincoln 16 th president- first Republican election led to secession little experience patient, strong leader known for freeing slaves assassinated after Civil War ended Slide 4 George McClellan 1 st Commander of Union Army good organizer- raised a well-trained, organized army for the Union too cautious, relieved of command during Civil War Slide 5 Ulysses S. Grant attended West Point and served in Mexican War won many victories for the Union in the West Lincoln appointed Commander of Union Army in the middle of Civil War Became president of the United States Slide 6 William Tecumseh Sherman, Philip Sheridan, and total war were ordered by Grant to wage total war on the South tore through the South, burned towns, destroyed railroad tracks, etc. hated for destruction caused in the South Slide 7 Jefferson Davis President of the Confederacy military experience- Mexican War Secretary of War respected for honesty and courage- thought to be a better leader than Lincoln didnt listen to others opinions Slide 8 Robert E. Lee Best general at West Point asked by Lincoln to led Union troops became the commander of Confederate Army successfully won battles even though his army was outnumbered encouraged reconciliation and peaceful reunification after the Civil War Slide 9 Thomas Stonewall Jackson best general in Confederate Army held his ground like a stone wall in Battle of Bull Run accidentally shot by his own men after a battle- later died Slide 10 54 th Massachusetts Regiment most famous African- American unit in army fought bravely during many battles- helped earn respect for African-American soldiers 16 African-Americans won Congressional Medals of Honor for acts of bravery Slide 11 Women at War womens aid societies helped supply troops held fairs and fundraisers disguised themselves as soldiers worked as spies and nurses Dorothea Dix, Rose Greenhow, Clara Burton, Sojourner Truth, etc Slide 12 Battles Slide 13 Battle of Bull Run 1 and 2 (Manassas) July 1861 Virginia 1 st major battle of Civil War Confederates won surprising victory shattered Norths hopes of winning the war quickly gave Confederate troops hope Slide 14 Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 Union troops found Lees battle plan to attack in the North armies met in Maryland bloodiest single day of war 23,000 causalities Union stopped Confederate northern advance Slide 15 Battle of Fredericksburg and Battle of Chancellorsville December 1862 and May 1863 Virginia 2 stunning victories for the Confederates Confederate troops used hills and woods to outwit the Union army Unions worst defeats Slide 16 Battle of Shiloh and New Orleans April 1862 Shiloh- bloody, two-day battle Union troops led by Grant Union controlled both ends of Mississippi River Jackson was accidently shot and killed after battle Slide 17 The siege of Vicksburg May 1863 middle of Mississippi River, on a high cliff- hard to attack Grant led surprise attack- siege lasted over 6 weeks Confederate war and food supplies ran out- they ate mules and rats surrendered on July 9 th, 1863- Union controlled all of the Mississippi River Slide 18 Battle of Gettysburg 3 day battle Most important in Civil War: turning point of war Confederate soldiers retreated after losing many man Picketts Charge 40,000 soldiers were wounded or dead Gettysburg Address Slide 19 Naval Action Union navy had strong Navy and set up blockades Confederacy captured an abandoned Union ship, covered it with ironclads, and sent it to battle Unions wood ships many battles between ironclad ships a new warship was invented Slide 20 Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse Lee and army withdrew after Grant took Petersburg and Richmond VA- 9 month siege Trapped by Union forces a week later, Lee surrendered Grant offered generous terms of surrender Slide 21 Miscellaneous Slide 22 Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address freed all slaves living in Confederate States slowly introduce emancipation and help Union cause no slaves were actually freed Gettysburg Address all men created equal war tested strength of democratic nation Slide 23 Lincolns Assassination 5 days after the Civil War ended shot by John Wilkes Booth at Fords Theater conspiracy- others attacked on same day conspirators were captured and tried- some hanged Slide 24 Post War problems (Reconstruction) economic problems North- 800,000 returning soldiers needed jobs South- towns destroyed by war Should Confederate leaders be punished? Should Southern states be allowed back into U.S. Government? Should slavery be abolished? Slide 25 Inventions hot air balloons tin Cans Ironclad ships military telegraph system railroad and others.. Slide 26 Military Technology the Gatling gun the Repeater Rifle the rifled musket submarine and others.. Slide 27 Lack of Sanitation and Medical Technology little medicine to stop pain and infection many amputations 2x the amount of soldiers died from disease and infection than in battle Slide 28 Wisconsins Contribution to the War many Wisconsin men fought for the Union in the Civil War Wisconsin sent many units Wisconsin women worked to aid war effort