class 1 why sustainability-debban

8/2/2019 Class 1 Why Sustainability-Debban

1/31

Designing andOperating a

SustainableCampus

Indian Institute ofTechnology Rajasthan

Herb DebbanAssociate Laboratory DirectorOak Ridge National Laboratory, USA

Professor Anil DewanSchool of Planning and ArchitectureIP Estate

New DehliDecember 2011


2/31

2Debban IIT Rajasthan Introduction December 2011

Course Objectives

Provide introductionto sustainability

Demonstratesustainable best

practices as relatedto campusdevelopmentthrough a reviewof case studies

Provide planning tools

Review submittals for a Sustainable CampusMaster Plan for IIT Rajasthan


3/31

About me

Associate Laboratory Director, Oak Ridge National

Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA More than 30 years of experience in facilities

operation, engineering and management

Helped ORNL achieveambitious plan for

laboratory modernizationand sustainability

Leadership co-sponsorORNL SustainableCampus Initiative


4/31


ORNL is the U.S. Department of Energyslargest science and energy laboratory

4 Managed by UT-Battellefor the U.S. Department of Energy

$1.65Bbudget

Worldsmost intense

neutronsource

4,650employees

World-class

researchreactor

3,000worldwideresearchguestsannually

$740Mmodernization

investment

Nationslargestmaterialsresearchportfolio

Mostpowerful open

scientificcomputingfacility

Nations

most diverseenergy portfolio

Managingbillion-dollarU.S. ITERcontribution


5/31


ORNL leads major R&D programs for DOEand other customers

Clean energy

technologies Global

security Climate

science

Bioenergy Materials

science andengineering

Nuclear

science andtechnology

Neutronscience andtechnology

Computational

science andengineering

5 Managed by UT-Battellefor the Department of Energy


6/31

We are committed to servingthe community as a valued partner

Legacy investments

Science and matheducation

Cultural and communityactivities

Employeevolunteerism

Economicdevelopment

Champion forsustainability


7/31


One more pointORNL is a global community

ORNLs Court of Flags features the flagsof 89 countries, representing scope ofLaboratorys international cooperation

Currently nearly 325 citizens of India aremaking use of, or have active

assignments to make use of, Oak RidgeNational Laboratory


8/31


Course outline

Relevance of sustainability from U.S. and Indian perspective

Introduction to sustainable campus models

Sustainable campus case studies

Key components ofa sustainable campus

Review of IIT submittals for a Sustainable Master Plan

Class project

Team presentations

Image from Qatar Green Building Council


9/31

DefiningSustainability

Relevance of responsiblestewardship of the environment

December 2011Jodhpur


10/31


Population impact is intensifying

As the human race celebrates its growth past the 7 million

mark, the joy is accompanied by the realization of the ever-increasing pressure on resources

Per a recently released report from the UN Population Fund,

the Earth now takes 18 months to regenerate the naturalresources that we use in a year

new estimates see a global human tally of 9.3 billion at 2050

and more than 10 billion by centurys end.

Times of India


11/31


What is sustainability?

Economic development: Ensurethat the financial and economicneeds of current and futuregenerations are met

Environmental stewardship:

Ensure a clean environment forcurrent and future generationsand use resources smartly

Society: Improve the quality oflife for all people

S

a

Economic

Environment

&

EnergySocial

Sustainability: Meeting the needs of

the present without compromising theability of future generations to meet theirown needs.

United Nations statement


12/31


Sustainability is the defining challenge forour time

What we do will profoundly influence: Climate change

Global security

Economic competitiveness

Quality of life


13/31


Non-sustainable practices significantlyimpact worlds most populous regions

LandScan

population dataset

One-third of humanity, mostly in Africa and South Asia, face the biggest risk fromclimate change


14/31


Overview_kpt_0730

Freshwaterreliability/availability

Sea level rise

Bangladesh, India and the

Democratic Republic ofCongo are among 30countries with extreme

exposure to climate shiftFrom Maplecroft, British firmspecializing in risk analysis


15/31


Source: Reference case, International Energy Outlook 2010, DOE/EIA-0484(2010), Energy Information Administration, May 2010

World energy consumption is projected toincrease by 49 percent from 2007 to 2035

Quadrillio

nBtu

348 366398

495543

590639

687739

1990 1995 2000 2007 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035

Fossil fuels account for 75% of worlds CO2 emissions


16/31



17/31


0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,0000

100

200

300

400

GDP per capita (PPP 2000 $)

Primaryenergyp

ercapita(GJ)

United States

Australia

Russia

Malaysia

China

IndiaBrazil

Mexico

Greece

IrelandUnited Kingdom

France

South Korea

Energy use increaseswith economic development

Japan

Source: UN and DOE EIA;Russia data 19922004 only

From David L. Greene, ORNL


18/31


UnitedStatesAustralia


Russia

(19922005)

MalaysiaChina

India

Brazil

Mexico

Greece

France

Japan

South Korea

Thailand

Todaystechnology

New scienceand technology

Technologyimprovement

Energy use and CO2 emissions,19802005

From David L. Greene, ORNL


19/31


1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100

CO2emissions(GtC

y-1)

5

10

15

20

25

30Actual emissions: CDIAC

450ppm stabilisation

650ppm stabilisation

A1FI

A1B

A1T

A2

B1

B2

Human activityis affectingglobal climate

Atmospheric CO2 concentrationsare increasing rapidly

19901999: +1.5 ppm per year

20002010: +2.0 ppm per year

2010: +2.42 ppm

Three processes are contributingto this increase:

Growth in world economy

Increase in carbon intensity

Decline in efficiency of CO2 sinkson land and in oceans

Climate forcing is both strongerthan expected and soonerthan expected

Updated from Raupach et al. 2007, PNAS;Data: Gregg Marland, Thomas Boden-CDIAC 2010;

International Monetary Fund 2010


20/31


UnitedStatesAustralia


Russia

(19922005)

MalaysiaChina

India

Brazil

Mexico

Greece

France

Japan

South Korea

Thailand

Todaystechnology

New scienceand technology

Technologyimprovement

We can break the connectionbetween energy use and CO2 emissions

Concept: Steve Koonin;data source: UN and DOE EIA(Russia data 19922004 only)


21/31


Energy assurance:Energy security and climate protection

2050: Climate change mitigationReduce 2005 CO2emission levelsby 50% to 80%

Overview _1106

2030: Oil independenceDecrease oil demandand increase liquid fuelsto replace 11 million barrelsof oil per day


22/31


A wide range of energy technologiesis needed to achieve these goals

Major advances inbasic science and

supporting technologyare needed

to ensure success

D. L. Greene et al., The Importance of Advancing Technology

to Americas Energy Goals, Energy Policy38, 38863890 (2010)

Advancedfossil liquids

Biomass energy

Carbon captureand sequestration

Electrificationof transportation

Nuclear energy

Solar energy Wind energy

Major improvementsin energy efficiency:

Buildings

Industrial processes

Transportation

Electricity generationand distribution


23/31


Successful deployment of all of thesetechnologies is important

Meeting both goals with a 95% confidence level requiresa high probability of success (>50%) for all 11 technology areas

No set of


24/31


Buildings efficiency ranks among top three forCO2 reduction and petroleum dependence

Presentation_name

Frequency with which Technologies Appear in Sets Achieving Both Goals

144

78 78 78 8072

130138

84 82

144

0

20

40

60

80100

120

140

160

CCS

Nucle

arPo

wer

Wind

Powe

r

Solar

Ene

rgy

Bioma

ss

ElectricDrive

Vehicl

es

Transpo

rtatio

nEfficien

cy

Building

sEfficien

cy

Industria

lEfficien

cy

Efficien

tElec

t.Gen

.&Dist

r.

Advanced

Fossil

Liquids

Frequency

Reduction in CO2: -0.6 Petroleum S-D Change: 11 mmbd


25/31


The major energy transformations of the past have beendriven by technology and the market, i.e., a financialbottom line

Can a future transition be driven by a triple bottom line of economy,society and the environment?

Biomass

Animals

Coal Petroleum

NaturalGas

Nuclear

Source: A. Grubler, 2007, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.

From David L.Greene, ORNL


26/31


Energy use in Buildings key issue in climatechange

Buildings responsible for >40percent of global energy useand one-third of global gasemissions compared to allenergy end-use sectors

Building-related GHG emissions= 8.16 million metric tons CO2e

IPCC Fourth Assessment Report(2007)

Building GHG emissions coulddouble by 2030 under IPCCshigh-growth scenario


27/31

World GHG emissions 2005


28/31


Three major means to reduce GHG emissionsfrom buildings

Reduce energy use*

Replace fossil fuels with renewables

Increase energy efficiency*

Reduce energy use Increase energy efficiency

*Easiest and least expensive


29/31

Make sustainability acornerstone of your career

Leaders in the triple bottom lineof economic, environmental andsocietal sustainability will definethe 21st century

29 Managed by UT-Battellefor the U.S. Department of Energy Debban IIT Rajasthan December 2011

?


30/31


Ultimate goal?


31/31

31

I am only one, but I am one.

I cannot do everything, but I can do something.

And I will not let what I cannot do

interfere with what I can do.Edward Everett Hale

American Clergyman and Writer

1822-1909

class 1 why sustainability-debban

Documents