classified criminal appeals bulletin 2002 cover第201章《防止賄賂條例》第3條 -...

Classified Criminal Appeals

Bulletin 2002

Prosecutions Division

Department of Justice

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

CCAB 2002

A DIGEST OF

HONG KONG CRIMINAL APPEAL CASES

2002

Compiled and Edited by

Eddie SEAN, Senior Government Counsel,

based on 12 issues (Jan. - Dec. 2002) of Criminal

Appeals Bulletins published by the Prosecutions

Division of the Department of Justice,

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

(i)

CCAB 2002

INTRODUCTION

The Prosecutions Division of the Department of Justice in Hong Kong publishes a monthly Criminal Appeals Bulletin, which summarises judgements of significance.

Based on the 12 issues of Criminal Appeals Bulletins published in 2002, this Classified Criminal Appeals Bulletin seeks to put such summaries into categories according to their subjects.

Before CCAB 2002, there were CCAB 1989-92, CCAB 93-95, CCAB 96-97, CCAB 1998, CCAB 1999, CCAB 2000 and CCAB 2001.

Some cases appear in more than one chapter as they touch on more than one subject. I have not deleted or altered the summaries. As a result, for a particular subject, you may have one or two paragraphs in a case digest which do not relate to that subject.

The original editors of the Criminal Appeals Bulletin wrote the contents and I just put different paragraphs into places.

I plan to do CCAB 2003 in February next year.

Eddie SEAN

February 2003

(ii)

CCAB 2002

Table of Contents

Subject Headings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page (iv) - (v)

Subject Index

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page (vi) - (xxxix)

Digest of Cases

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 1 - 386

(iii)

CCAB 2002 subjects

(iv)

Subjects

Page No Page No

Appeal / Procedure....................... 1 Assault/Wounding ...................... 14 Bail ............................................. 16 Blackmail .................................... 18 Bookmaking / Gambling ............. 20 Bribery / Corruption / ICAC......... 26 Case to Answer.......................... 38 C & E.......................................... 39 Character ................................... 42 Conspiracy to Defraud................ 48 Costs .......................................... 54 Counsel ...................................... 66 Dangerous Drugs ....................... 76 Defendant’s Right to Lawyer ...... 80 Defendant’s Right to Remain Silent .......................................... 81 Disclosure .................................. 88 Evidence / Hearsay .................... 94 Extradition ................................ 107 Homicide .................................. 110 Identification ............................. 121 Industrial Safety ....................... 125 Judge / Direction / Discretion / Summing Up............................. 126 Jury .......................................... 128 Leave (CFA)............................. 129 Lies........................................... 130

Misconduct in Public Office ...... 132 POOW...................................... 136 Practice & Procedure ............... 138 Prosecutor / Prosecutions ........ 145 Public Order ............................. 147 Sentence (Quantum)

Arms & Ammunition ...............152

Assault / Wounding ................154

Bribery / Corruption / ICAC ....159

Burglary..................................169

C & E......................................171

Computer Crime.....................184

Conspiracy to Defraud ...........185

Dangerous Drugs...................189

False Instruments ..................220

Homicide ................................224

Immigration ............................229 Obscene and Indecent Articles ...................................257

OSCO ....................................258

POOW....................................262

Protected Coins .....................263

Public Justice .........................265

Road Traffic ...........................266 Robbery .................................270 Sexual Offence ......................279

Theft / Handling / Deception / False Accounting ...................293

CCAB 2002 subjects

(v)

Page No Page No

Throwing Corrosive Fluid .......312

Vice ........................................313

Sentence (Principles) ............... 316 Statement / Admissions / Confession / Voire Dire ............ 351 Stay of Proceedings ................. 363

Theft / Handling / Deception / False Accounting...................... 366 Verdict ...................................... 370 Vice Offences........................... 379 Witness / Examination.............. 379

CCAB 2002 subject index

Subject Index Page

APPEAL/PROCEDURE

Manslaughter/No case to answer application/Galbraith construed/Whether conviction ‘unsafe ’/Approach of Court of Appeal

誤殺 - 無須答辯的引用 - 對Galbrai th案例的解釋 - 定罪是否｀並不穩妥＇ - 上訴法庭的

處理方法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

S 119(1)(d) Magistrates Ordinance/Powers of judge on appeal from magistrate/Material irregularity not affecting fairness of the result/Irrelevant embellishment by judge not invalidating correctness of underlying reasoning/Misconceived reference to a stay application raised no point of law of great and general importance

《裁判官條例》第119(1)(d)條 - 法官在針對裁判官判決而提出的上訴案中所具備的權力

- 重大不當之處不影響審訊結果的公正性 - 法官的濫詞並不使到推理根據的正確性無效 -

基於錯誤理解而提述擱置法律程序的申請並不引起具有重大而廣泛的重要性的法律論點 . . . . . . . . 3

Abandonment of notice of appeal/Whether abandonment a nullity/Deliberate decision to abandon/Mistaken assessment of prospects on appeal not a mistake of fact such as to constitute a nullity/Jurisdiction of appellate court

上訴通知的放棄 - 放棄上訴是否無效 - 放棄上訴為審慎的決定 - 對上訴成功機會估計錯

誤並非構成無效的事實方面的錯誤 - 上訴法庭的司法管轄權 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Criminal proceedings/Appellate court slow to interfere with factual findings/Appeal not a rehearing of the case

刑事訴訟程序 - 上訴庭不應輕易對事實的裁斷作出干預 - 上訴並非再次聆訊案件 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Dismissal of unmeritorious application for leave to appeal/Order for loss of time/Single judge screening procedure/Applicant acting on legal advice/Court not required to issue warning of risk of loss of time/Improper exercise of discretion

駁回缺乏理據的上訴許可申請 - 頒令上訴裁決前所服刑期作廢 - 由單一名法官審查的程

序 - 申請人按法律意見行事 - 法庭毋須就上訴裁決前所服刑期或會作廢一事發出警告 -

行使酌情權之舉並不恰當 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

(vi)


ASSAULT/WOUNDING

向警務人員吐口水 - 是否構成襲擊

Spitting at a police officer/Whether an assault ....................................................................................................... 14

BAIL

Bail/Renewal of application after previous refusal/No power to review earlier refusal under s 9J, Cap 221/Fresh application considered under s 9D, Cap 221 and under inherent jurisdiction/Constitutional powers of courts of adjudication in relation to liberty not amenable to curtailment/Need for material change in circumstances/Statutory framework regulating bail

保釋 - 經上次被拒絕後再重新申請 - 無權覆核法官先前根據第221章第9J條拒絕保釋的決

定 - 根據第221章第9D條及在固有司法管轄權下考慮重新申請保釋 - 審裁法庭就涉及個

人自由的憲法權力不容刪減 - 有需要顯示情況有關鍵性的改變 - 規管保釋的法例架構 . . . . . . . . . 16

BLACKMAIL

Blackmail/Demand need not be openly expressed/Menaces to be construed liberally/Judge to determine meaning and effect of words by reference to circumstances of case

勒索 - “要求＂無須明示 - “恫嚇＂一詞須予靈活理解 - 由法官考慮案情以決定所用字

眼的意思和作用 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

BOOKMAKING/GAMBLING

Conspiracy to engage in bookmaking/Evidence consistent with accused acting as a conduit pipe for bets of others/Absence of personal stake/Bookmaker must be in Hong Kong

串謀從事收受賭注 - 證據與被告作為代他人投注的渠道的說法一致 - 沒有個人利害關係 -

收受賭注者必須身在香港 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Assisting another in bookmaking/Conviction of assisting as alternative to engaging in bookmaking/Requirement of consent to prosecution

協助他人收受賭注 - 以協助收受賭注作為從事收受賭注的交替控罪定罪 - 須獲律政司同

意方可檢控的規定 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Conspiracy to engage in bookmaking/Receiving of bet not only element of bookmaking/Element of receiving bets by way of trade or business/Bet involved a wagering contract between two parties

串謀從事收受賭注 - 收取賭注並非收受賭注的唯一元素 - 以生意或業務的形式收取賭注

是一項元素 - 投注涉及雙方之間的一項打賭合約 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

(vii)


BRIBERY/CORRUPTION/ICAC

Section 3 of POBO/Accepting referral money an advantage/ ‘Advantage ’ in s 2 of POBO included gift/Broad meaning of ‘gift ’ /Specific finding as to meaning of advantage not required

《防止賄賂條例》第3條 - 接受介紹費即接受利益 - 《防止賄賂條例》第2條的｀利益＇

包括饋贈 - ｀饋贈＇的廣義解釋 - 法庭無須就利益的含義作出具體的裁斷 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Section 3 of POBO, Cap 201/Whether criminal liability not absolute but strict/Whether defence of honest and reasonable mistake of fact open/Whether statutory defence of ‘lawful authority or reasonable excuse’ in s 24 of POBO applicable to s 3 offence

第201章《防止賄賂條例》第3條 - 刑事法律責任是否並非絕對的法律責任而是嚴格的法

律責任 - 是否容許以犯了誠實和合理的事實上的錯誤為免責辯護 - 《防止賄賂條例》第

24條所述的以｀合法權限或合理辯解＇為法定免責辯護是否適用於第3條所訂的罪行 . . . . . . . . . . 28

CASE TO ANSWER

Inferences to be drawn from silence of accused/Test for case to answer/Approach to ‘mixed ’ statements/Giving of reasons for no case to answer/Not desirable to give reasons for case to answer ruling

從被告保持緘默作出推論 - 是否須答辯的驗證標準 -“混合＂口供的處理方法 - 就無須答

辯給予理由 - 裁定須予答辯不宜給予理由 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

C & E

Copyright/Proof of subsistence of copyright/Affirmation made pursuant to s 121, Cap 528/Deponent permitted to state facts as authorised by copyright owner/No requirement to state basis of knowledge and belief

版權 - 版權存在的證明 - 依據第528章第121條作出的宣誓 - 宣誓人獲准陳述的事實是版

權擁有人所授權陳述的 - 無規定要就所知及所信事情的根據作出陳述 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

CHARACTER

裁判官沒有就上訴人無犯罪紀錄作出指引 - 並非必定要作出指引但指引與可信性有關聯

Magistrate failing to give direction for Appellant’s clear record/Direction not obligatory but relevant to credibility ................................................................................................................................................................ 42

(viii)


Prosecution witness an informant of poor character/Defendant of good character/Evidence of informant need not be flawless before relied upon/Court should rely on truthful evidence and reject evidence of which it was unsure

控方證人是品格差劣的告發人 - 被告人品格良好 - 告發人的證據不必亳無瑕疵才可依賴 -

法庭應依賴真實的證據並拒絕接納不確定的證據 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

District Court/Duty of judge to evaluate evidence/No necessity to mechanically repeat obvious statements of law/Effect of good character when accused did not testify

區域法院 - 衡量證據屬法官責任 - 無須機械地重複明顯的法律陳述 - 被告人不作供時品

格良好的作用 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Accused leading no evidence/No duty on judge to build up a defence/Duty of judge fairly to review the prosecution evidence/Good character/Need for judges to explain relevance of good character to credibility and propensity

被告沒有帶引出證據 - 法官沒有責任建立辯方論據 - 法官有責任公平地檢討控方的證據 -

品格良好 - 法官須解釋品格良好與可信性及傾向性相關 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Good character direction/Absence of criminal record not necessarily pointer to good character in true sense/Full direction not invariably required

良好品格指引 - 沒有犯罪紀錄不一定是真實意義上的品格良好的指標 - 並非必定要作出

全面的指引 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

CONSPIRACY TO DEFRAUD

Disclosure/Scope of prosecution duty to disclose/Need to particularise overt acts in an offence of conspiracy to defraud

披露資料 - 控方披露資料責任的範疇 - 有需要就串謀詐騙罪行說明明顯的行為 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Conspiracy to defraud/Offence sufficiently particularised/ Sufficiency of evidence to support single count of conspiracy

串謀詐騙 - 罪行情況已予詳述 - 證據充分，足以支持單一項串謀罪 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

COSTS

Functus officio/No order as to costs in lower court when appeal allowed/Application for costs fully before court at time of ruling/Court not competent to revisit the issue

權責終結 - 上訴得直但無判令關乎下級法院的訟費 - 作出裁定時法庭已充分處理訟費申

請 - 法庭無權再度審理有關爭論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

(ix)


Conviction quashed on appeal/Costs sought for restraint proceedings/Bail applications incidental to appeal proceedings/ Need for counsel to indicate stance on costs at bail hearing/ Costs after amendment of order

上訴後定罪被推翻 - 就限制令法律程序追討訟費 - 保釋申請為上訴程序所附帶引起 - 保

釋聆訊時律師需就訟費顯示態度 - 命令修訂後的訟費 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Refusal of costs after acquittal/Governing principles/ Discretion to be exercised judicially/Bases for denial of costs/ Acquittal on the merits

被裁定無罪後裁判法院拒絕判給訟費 - 指導性原則 - 須以司法的角度行使酌情權 - 不判

給訟費的理據 - 基於充分理據而被裁定無罪 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Refusal of costs after acquittal/Failure to reveal defence case to prosecuting authority prior to trial not of itself a bar to costs/ Proper exercise of right to silence/Failure to supply an obvious explanation justifying a denial of costs

被裁定無罪後裁判法院拒絕判給訟費 - 審訊前未有向檢控機關提出辯方論據本身並不妨

礙上訴人獲判給訟費 - 適當地行使緘默權 - 不作出明顯的解釋是拒絕判給訟費的理據 . . . . . . . . . 59

Wasted costs/Public funds wasted due to fault of solicitors/ Inadequacy of costs legislation/Court powerless to reimburse the public purse

虛耗訟費 - 因律師的過失而虛耗公帑 - 有關訟費的法例並不足夠 - 法庭無權向庫房付還

訟費 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Refusal of costs after holding of no case to answer/Award of costs discretionary/Discretion exercisable on basis of conduct relevant to charges faced

裁定無須答辯後拒絕判給訟費 - 判給訟費由法庭酌情決定 - 以與所面對的控罪相關的行

為為基礎而行使酌情決定權 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Conviction after trial/Order to contribute to prosecution costs/ General principles applicable/Order to be just and reasonable/ Financial ability must be ascertained/Accused in parlous financial position/Order wrong in principle

經審訊後定罪 - 分擔控方訟費的命令 - 適用的一般原則 - 訟費命令必須公正和合理 - 須

查明經濟能力如何 - 被告處於經濟拮据的境況 - 訟費命令屬原則上錯誤 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

COUNSEL

Letter of request/Evidence obtained in London/Accused not present at hearing/Counsel acting on instructions/Break in video link/No breach of A11(2) BORO/Incompetence of counsel not to be advanced without proper foundation/Counsel not the client’s mouthpiece

(x)


請求書 - 在倫敦取得的證據 - 聆訊時被告沒有出席 - 律師按指示行事 - 電視直播聯繫方

式的中斷 - 沒有違反《香港人權法案》第11(2)條 - 對律師失職的指責如沒有恰當理據則

不應提出 - 律師不是客戶的傳聲筒 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Counsel curbing submission after query from bench/Counsel misinterpreting attitude of court/Disadvantage caused to accused

律師被法官提問後縮短陳詞 - 律師誤解法庭的意向 - 令被告蒙受不利 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Criticism of trial counsel’s conduct/Extremely rare for verdict to be set aside due to counsel’s conduct/Flagrantly incompetent advocacy must be shown

針對原審時的律師的行為的批評 - 由於律師的行為而致裁決作廢極為罕見 - 須顯示確有

明顯辯護失職 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Competence of counsel as ground of appeal/Accused accepting advice of trial counsel/Advice challenged with benefit of hindsight/Fundamental error necessary for appeal to succeed on basis of counsel’s conduct

以律師是否稱職作為上訴理由 - 被告接受原審時的律師的意見 - 受惠於事後了解而質疑

律師的意見 - 必須有根本性的錯誤，基於律師行為所提出的上訴才能成功 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

DANGEROUS DRUGS

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/‘Getting’ or ‘holding’ not trafficking/Application of statutory presumption not to be left to choice of jury/Unbalanced summing up reading like prosecution closing speech

販運危險藥物 - “取得＂或“持有＂不是販運 - 法定推定是否適用不宜留給陪審團選擇 -

不平衡的總結詞仿如控方的結案陳詞 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

販運危險藥物 - 法庭有權在沒有專家證據下評論吸毒吸食毒品的平均量 - 法官查問申

請人的犯罪紀錄實屬不當

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Court entitled to comment on average consumption of drugs of an addict without expert evidence/Improper for judge to inquire Applicant’s previous convictions..................................... 77

DEFENDANT’S RIGHT TO LAWYER

Duty Lawyer Scheme/Accused unhappy with DLS lawyer at trial/No right to lawyer of choice/Alternatives open to accused

當值律師計劃 - 審訊期間被告不滿意其代表當值律師 - 被告無權自行選擇代表律師 - 被

告有其他權利可予選擇 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

(xi)


Accused not legally represented/Duty Lawyer Scheme unable to provide representation/No injustice caused to accused/ Magistrate provided proper assistance

被告無法律代表 - 當值律師計劃未能提供代表律師 - 對被告並無不公 - 裁判官已提供適

當協助 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

DEFENDANT’S RIGHT TO REMAIN SILENT

Accused not testifying/Comments on silence by judge sitting alone/Prosecution case sometimes strengthened by silence/ Inferences against accused more readily drawn/Direction to jury/Comment to jury only in exceptional cases/Evidence of prosecution calling for some explanation/Ambit of right to silence

被告沒有作供 - 單獨主審的法官對保持緘默的評論 - 被告保持緘默有時會使控方的論據

更有力 - 更易作出針對被告的推論 - 向陪審團作出引導 -只在特殊情況下方可向陪審團作

出評論 - 需要就控方的證據作出解釋 - 行使緘默權的範圍 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Inferences drawn from primary facts/Inconceivable that District Judge did not apply criminal standard of proof/ Cumulative effect of circumstantial evidence/Adverse inferences from silence of accused

憑基礎事實作推論 - 不能相信區域法院法官會不引用刑案的舉證準則 - 環境證供的累積

效果 - 被告的緘默造成不利的推論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Accused not testifying/Drawing of adverse inference/Matters particularly within knowledge of accused/Judge sitting alone not required to give himself the standard directions

被告沒有作證 - 作出不利的推論 - 特別屬被告所知範圍以內的事宜 - 單獨主審的法官無

須向自己作出標準的指引 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Inferences to be drawn from silence of accused/Test for case to answer/Approach to ‘mixed ’ statements/Giving of reasons for no case to answer/Not desirable to give reasons for case to answer ruling

從被告保持緘默作出推論 - 是否須答辯的驗證標準 -“混合＂口供的處理方法 - 就無須答

辯給予理由 - 裁定須予答辯不宜給予理由 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

DISCLOSURE

Indecent assault/Material irregularity to cross-examine accused on undisclosed material/Duty of disclosure/Stay of proceedings not required/Accused not deprived of fair trial

猥褻侵犯 - 就未經披露的資料盤問被告有重大的不當之處 - 披露資料的責任 - 毋須擱置

法律程序 - 被告未被剝奪公平審訊 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

(xii)


(xiii)

Disclosure/Scope of prosecution duty to disclose/Need to particularise overt acts in an offence of conspiracy to defraud

披露資料 - 控方披露資料責任的範疇 - 有需要就串謀詐騙罪行說明明顯的行為 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Non-disclosure of spent conviction of witness/Matter going to credit of witness/Retrial considerations

沒有披露證人的已解除罪名 - 事情轉為證人的信譽問題 - 重審的考慮因素 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

EVIDENCE/HEARSAY

Circumstantial evidence/Special direction on inferences not normally required/When special direction appropriate/ Appellate court reluctant to interfere with judge’s discretion to direct on inferences/No special cautionary note required when direction given on accepting part only of witness’s evidence

環境證據 - 通常無須就推論作出特別指引 - 何時適宜作出特別指引 - 對於法官行使酌情

權就推論作出指引，審理上訴的法院不願作出干預 - 法官就只接納證人的部分證供作出

指引時無須特別作出警誡 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Inferences drawn from primary facts/Inconceivable that District Judge did not apply criminal standard of proof/ Cumulative effect of circumstantial evidence/Adverse inferences from silence of accused

憑基礎事實作推論 - 不能相信區域法院法官會不引用刑案的舉證準則 - 環境證供的累積

效果 - 被告的緘默造成不利的推論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Theft/Prosecution alleging theft by finding/Magistrate con-victing on basis of shop theft/Defence unaware of alternative basis of charge faced/Breach of general principle of common law/ Effects of sections 23 and 27 of Magistrates Ordinance

盜竊罪 - 控方的指稱是拾遺不報的盜竊罪 - 裁判官按店鋪盜竊罪定罪 - 被告人不知所面

對的控罪採用另一基礎 - 違反普通法的一般原則 - 《裁判官條例》第23及27條的效力 . . . . . . . . . 98

Possession of offensive weapon/Baseball bats and sushi knife not offensive weapons per se/Inference properly drawn that defendant aware of contents of bag carried/Whether utterance of bystander part of res gestae/Insufficient evidence of joint venture

管有攻擊性武器 - 棒球棍及壽司刀本身並非攻擊性武器 - 關於被告人應知道所攜袋子載

有何物的推斷是恰當的 - 旁觀者的言談是否屬於案情經過的一部分 - 無充分證據證明聯

合犯案 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Accused leading no evidence/No duty on judge to build up a defence/Duty of judge fairly to review the prosecution evidence/Good character/Need for judges to explain relevance of good character to credibility and propensity

被告沒有帶引出證據 - 法官沒有責任建立辯方論據 - 法官有責任公平地檢討控方的證據 -

品格良好 - 法官須解釋品格良好與可信性及傾向性相關 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Murder/Accused previously saying he wanted to kill someone in revenge/Statement admissible as


(xiv)

evidence of preparedness to form intent to kill/Probative value of evidence tending to connect accused to offence

謀殺 - 被告曾說要殺人報仇 - 供詞獲接納為準備形成殺人意圖的證據 - 證據的證案價值

傾向於證明被告與罪行有關連 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Possession of dutiable commodities/Possession inferred from evidence/Circumstantial evidence criteria to be applied

管有應課稅品 - 從證據推斷管有 - 環境證據的準則須予適用 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

EXTRADITION

Letter of request/Evidence obtained in London/Accused not present at hearing/Counsel acting on instructions/Break in video link/No breach of A11(2) BORO/Incompetence of counsel not to be advanced without proper foundation/Counsel not the client’s mouthpiece

請求書 - 在倫敦取得的證據 - 聆訊時被告沒有出席 - 律師按指示行事 - 電視直播聯繫方

式的中斷 - 沒有違反《香港人權法案》第11(2)條 - 對律師失職的指責如沒有恰當理據則

不應提出 - 律師不是客戶的傳聲筒 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

HOMICIDE

Manslaughter/No case to answer application/Galbraith construed/Whether conviction ‘unsafe ’/Approach of Court of Appeal

誤殺 - 無須答辯的引用 - 對Galbrai th案例的解釋 - 定罪是否｀並不穩妥＇ - 上訴法庭的

處理方法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Murder/Mens rea/Whether intention to cause grievous bodily harm consistent with Basic Law and Bill of Rights/ Constitutionality of grievous bodily harm rule /Mandatory life sentence not arbitrary or unconstitutional/Right to review of conviction and sentence by higher tribunal

謀殺 - 犯罪意圖 - 意圖導致他人身體受嚴重傷害的規則是否符合《基本法》及《人權

法》 - 關於身體受嚴重傷害的規則的憲法問題 - 判處強制性終身監禁並非無理或違憲 - 有

權要求上級法院覆核有關的定罪及判刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Murder/Accused previously saying he wanted to kill someone in revenge/Statement admissible as evidence of preparedness to form intent to kill/Probative value of evidence tending to connect accused to offence

謀殺 - 被告曾說要殺人報仇 - 供詞獲接納為準備形成殺人意圖的證據 - 證據的證案價值

傾向於證明被告與罪行有關連 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Attempted murder/Mother stabbing newborn child/Viability of offence of attempted infanticide

企圖謀殺 - 母親將初生嬰兒刺傷 - 企圖殺嬰罪是否可行 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120


IDENTIFICATION

Identification in court/No formal parade held/Identification in court not per se inadmissible/Formal parades not necessary where witnesses have identified accused to police/Questions permissible on whether accused in the dock same person as arrested by police

在法庭認人 - 沒有進行正式認人程序 - 在法庭認人本身並非不獲接納 - 如證人已向警方

辨認被告便毋須進行正式認人程序 - 容許提出有關在犯人欄內的被告是否為警方所拘捕

的人的問題 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Identification/Circumstances in which dock identification permissible/Consistent approach applicable in all trial courts

辨認 - 在何種情況下可容許辨認在犯人欄內的被告 - 所有主審法庭採用一致的處理方法 . . . . 123

INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

Industrial safety/Reg 38B(1) of Construction Sites (Safety) Regulations/Public safety an issue of social concern/ Presumption of mens rea displaced/Offence of strict liability

工業安全 - 《建築地盤 (安全 )規例》第38B(1)條 -公眾安全是社會關心的問題 - 免除犯罪

意圖的推定 - 嚴格法律責任的罪行 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

JUDGE/DIRECTION/DISCRETION/SUMMING UP

Standard of proof/Counsel telling jury of need to be ‘absolutely sure ’ of guilt/Counsel to deal with law in strict terms without gloss/Standard less than certainty/Jury to be directed to be satisfied so as to be sure/Judicial misdirection to dilute standard in criminal cases

舉證準則 - 辯方律師告知陪審團必須 ‘絕對地肯定 ’有罪 - 律師在處理法律問題時應採用不

加註解的精確措辭 - 舉證準則較確定的為低 - 指示陪審團必須信納以致能夠肯定 - 作出

錯誤司法指引會把刑事案件的舉證準則降低 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Demeanour/For jury to determine importance of demeanour/ Demeanour might play important role/Factors of case decide relevance of demeanour/No need for judge to caution jury on approach to demeanour

言行舉止 - 由陪審團決定言行舉止的重要性 - 言行舉止可以起重要作用 - 案件的因素決

定言行舉止是否有關聯 - 法官無須告誡陪審團如何處理言行舉止一事 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

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JURY

Juror dozing off/Court ordering replay of evidence/ Somnolence as a ground of appeal/Experienced counsel not seeking discharge of juror

陪審員打瞌睡 - 法庭命令重覆證供 - 瞌睡作為上訴理由 - 富經驗律師沒有請求解除陪審

員職責 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

LEAVE (CFA)

Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal Ordinance, Cap 484/ Application to Court of Appeal for a certificate/Counsel acting in total disregard of Practice Direction/Refusal of certificate justifiable in absence of satisfactory explanation for delay

香港法例第484章《香港終審法院條例》 - 向上訴法庭申請證明 - 律師行事時完全漠視實

務指引 - 如沒有就延誤提出申請一事作出令人滿意的解釋，拒絕給予證明是有理據支持

的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

LIES

Lies/Lies direction not required where prosecution invite jury to treat defence evidence contradictory of prosecution case as untrue/Suggested lies impinging on credibility and not relied upon as evidence of guilt

謊言 - 如控方促請陪審團將反駁控方論證的辯方證據視作不真實則無須就謊言作出指引 -

所指謊言影響可信性而沒有被依賴作為有罪的證據 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

MISCONDUCT IN PUBLIC OFFICE

Misconduct in public office/Conduct must be wilful and intentional/Elements of culpable and serious misconduct/Acts and omissions occurring in course of public office/Broad terms of offence sufficient to enable public officer to regulate his conduct/Constitutionality of offence/Offence neither arbitrary nor insufficiently precise

在公職中行為不當 - 行為必須故意及蓄意 - 負刑責而嚴重的不當行為的元素 - 擔任公職

過程中出現的作為及不作為 - 罪行的描述概括足以令公職人員約束行為 - 罪行是否符合

憲法 - 罪行並非無理據亦非有欠清晰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

POOW

Possession of offensive weapon/Baseball bats and sushi knife not offensive weapons per se/Inference properly drawn that defendant aware of contents of bag carried/Whether utterance of bystander part of res gestae/Insufficient evidence of joint venture

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管有攻擊性武器 - 棒球棍及壽司刀本身並非攻擊性武器 - 關於被告人應知道所攜袋子載

有何物的推斷是恰當的 - 旁觀者的言談是否屬於案情經過的一部分 - 無充分證據證明聯

合犯案 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

PRACTICE & PROCEDURE

被告在被捕時及在審訊期間保持緘默 - 裁判官已考慮醫療報告 - 裁判官有權作出被告出

於惡意而保持緘默的裁斷

Accused silent upon arrest and at trial/Medical reports considered by magistrate/Magistrate entitled to make finding of mute of malice ............................................................................................................................ 138

Functus officio/No power in District Court to relist case for adjustment of sentence to take account of pre-existing sentence/Effect of s 82, Cap 336

權責終結 - 區域法院無權為了考慮先前的刑期而把案件再度排期以調整刑期 - 第336章第

82條的效力 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Forfeiture order/Seizure of cash considered proceeds of crime/ Affected party neither present nor represented at forfeiture hearing/Breach of rules of natural justice

沒收命令 - 檢取被認為是犯罪得益的現金 - 受影響的一方在沒收聆訊中既不出席亦無法

律代表 - 違反自然公正原則 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

裁判官向證人作冗長的提問 - 上訴人是否得不到公平的審訊 - 須依循的原則

Lengthy questioning of witness by magistrate/Whether Appellant deprived of a fair trial/Principles to be followed ................................................................................................................................................................ 143

PROSECUTOR/PROSECUTIONS

Robbery by Mainlanders/Coming to Hong Kong to commit robbery an aggravating factor/Offender punished separately for unlawful remaining/Inadvertent double penalty for same criminality/Duty on prosecution to advise court of outstanding offences

大陸人搶劫 - 來香港犯搶劫罪構成加重刑罰的因素 - 罪犯因非法居留而另予懲處 - 就同

一犯罪行為不慎地重複懲處 - 控方有責任將未審結的罪行告知法院 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

PUBLIC ORDER

Behaving in a disorderly manner in a public place/Disorderly conduct must cause a likelihood of a breach of the peace/When breach of the peace arises/Duty of magistrate to indicate basis of verdict

在公眾地方作出擾亂秩序的行為 - 擾亂秩序的行為必須相當可能會導致破壞社會安寧 -

什麼情況下社會安寧遭破壞 - 裁判官有責任表明裁決的理據 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

(xvii)


Obstruction/Doing an act whereby injury or obstruction might accrue/Warning desirable that area a public place/Arrest of protestors reconcilable with freedom of expression

阻撓警務人員 - 作出導致受損或遭受阻礙的作為 - 適宜警告該處是公眾地方 - 拘捕示威

者與言論自由可以並行不悖 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

SENTENCE (QUANTUM)

Arms & Ammunition

Appeal against sentence/Relevance of post-sentence factors/ Solitary confinement/Role of Court of Appeal/Role of executive/Remission of sentence/Article 14 ICCPR does not affect appeal and review process/Totality and the calculation of starting points

針對判刑的上訴 - 判刑後出現的因素的相關性 - 隔離囚禁 - 上訴法院的職能 - 行政機關

的職能 - 減刑 - 《公民權利和政治權利國際公約》第十四條不影響上訴及覆核程序 - 整

體刑期以及量刑起點的計算 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Assault/Wounding

Assault on police/Possession of small quantity of midazolam/ Sentencing considerations

襲擊警務人員 - 管有小量咪達唑侖 - 判刑須考慮的事宜 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

襲擊警務人員 - 上訴人漠視法紀 - 須判處阻嚇性刑罰

Assault on police officer/Appellants showed no regard for law and discipline/Deterrent sentence required....... 155

阻礙公職人員執行其職務 - 必須判刑以保護公職人員，使其免受襲擊 - 9個星期的量刑起

點屬恰當

Obstructing public officer performing his duty/Sentence required to protect public officers from assault/Starting point of 9 weeks appropriate ....................................................................................................... 157

Assault on CSD officer/Deterrent sentence required/Solitary confinement no justification for reduction in sentence

襲擊懲教署人員 - 須判以阻嚇性刑罰 - 隔離囚禁並非支持減刑的充分理由 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Bribery/Corruption/ICAC

Accepting and offering an advantage/Offences closely linked in time and nature/Concurrent sentences appropriate

接受和提供利益 - 兩項罪行在時間和性質上均關係密切 - 刑期同期執行是恰當的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

(xviii)


明知而誤導廉署人員 - 須判處阻嚇性刑罰 - 12個月的量刑起點並非明顯過重

Knowingly misleading ICAC officer/Deterrent sentence required/Starting point of 12 months not manifestly excessive ............................................................................................................................................. 160

Accepting advantage as agent/Deterrent sentence required/ Community Service Order not appropriate/Statistics as to prevalence relevant to sentence

作為代理人而接受利益 - 須判處阻嚇性刑罰 - 社會服務令並不恰當 - 關於罪行普遍性的

統計對於判刑是相關的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Attempting to mislead ICAC officer by providing false information/Making of false report for personal revenge/ Gravity of offence requires deterrent penalty/Gravamen of offence

企圖提供虛假資料以誤導廉署人員 - 為個人報復而虛報 - 罪行嚴重以致須判處阻嚇性刑

罰 - 罪行重點 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Corrupt transaction with agent/Reasonable expectation as to particular sentence not a mitigating factor/Offence not technical/Imprisonment the norm/Need for general deterrence/ Corruption a contagious disease/Disparity in sentence between co-accused not of itself a good ground of appeal/Situation of aged parent not a strong humanitarian consideration

與代理人進行貪污交易 - 合理期望獲判某一刑罰並非減刑因素 - 並非技術性罪行 - 通常

判處監禁 - 需具一般阻嚇作用 - 貪污屬傳染病 - 與同案被控人有判刑上的差異並非良好

上訴理由 - 年邁雙親的境況並非有力的人道考慮因素 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Prevention of Bribery Ordinance/Accepting advantage as an agent/Court not required to take view of facts most favourable to accused/Knowing acceptance of advantage not a technical offence/Legislation intended to be draconian/Non-deterrent sentence would send wrong signals

《防止賄賂條例》 - 作為代理人接受利益 - 法庭無須考慮對被告最有利的事實 - 明知而接

受利益並非技術性罪行 - 法例原意是嚴刑峻法 - 無阻嚇作用的刑罰會予人錯誤訊息 . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Burglary

Burglary and overstaying/Appropriate starting point for overstaying/Breach of trust/Consecutive sentences required

入屋犯法罪及逾期逗留 - 逾期逗留的恰當量刑起點 - 破壞誠信 - 刑期須分期執行 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

Domestic premises burglary/Persistent offender/Enhancement of 50% on account of criminal record wrong in principle

進入住宅單位犯入屋犯法罪 - 積犯 - 因犯罪紀錄加刑50%屬原則上錯誤 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

(xix)


C & E

Attempt to export unmanifested cargo/Guilty plea/Case not at higher end of scale of smuggling/Deterrent sentence required/ Six months starting point appropriate

企圖輸出未列艙單貨物 - 被告人認罪 - 案件不屬比較嚴重的走私案 - 須判處阻嚇性刑罰 -

6個月的量刑起點是恰當的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Offering for sale infringing copyright works/Immediate custodial sentence the norm/Owners and employees must expect deterrent sentences

要約出售侵犯版權複製品 - 通常判處即時監禁 - 擁有人及僱員定被判處阻嚇性刑罰應屬

意料中事 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Dealing with dutiable commodities/Effect of clear record/ Appropriate to impose deterrence sentence in personam/ Circumstances justified suspended sentence

處理應課稅品 - 無犯罪紀錄的效力 - 判處針對人的阻嚇性刑罰是恰當的 - 鑑於案情有理

據判處緩刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

Attempt to export unmanifested cargo/Isolated incident/ Impact of sentence on offender’s political and business plans not relevant/Not appropriate to adjust sentence to enable offender to take advantage of spent conviction scheme

企圖輸出未列艙單貨物 - 孤立事件 - 判刑對犯案者的政治及業務計劃所產生的影響並非

相關因素 - 調整刑期讓犯案者受惠於解除罪名計劃是不恰當的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

管有侵犯版權複製品 - 上訴人是一名沒有犯罪紀錄的少年罪犯 - 讓上訴人自新是主要的

判刑考慮 - 教導所令是恰當的

Possession of infringing copies/Appellant a young offender of clear record/Reformation a dominant sentencing consideration/ Training centre order appropriate................................................................................ 175

管有盜版視像光碟 - 有關罪行發生時間相距甚短 - 對第一項罪行採用較高量刑起點是錯

誤的

Possession of pirated VCDs/Proximity of offences/Wrong to adopt a higher starting point for first offence...... 177

Mitigation/Effect of evidentiary agreement shortening length of trial/Time and expense of preparing a copyright prosecution/ Sentencing considerations for offence of possession of infringing copyright works

求情理由 - 同意各項證據而令審訊時間縮短的效力 - 檢控侵犯版權罪行的準備工作所需

時間及開支 - 就管有侵犯版權複製品罪行判刑所須考慮的事宜 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

(xx)


Copyright infringement/Serious offence deserving of no mercy/ Harsh sentences required to protect reputation of Hong Kong

侵犯版權 - 嚴重罪行不容輕恕 - 為保香港聲譽必須判處重刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Dutiable commodities/Prevalence of offence/Persistent offender/Commission of further offence on bail/Aggravating factors/Concurrent and consecutive sentences/Totality

應課稅品 - 罪行的普遍程度 - 慣犯 - 保釋期間再犯罪 - 加重刑罰的因素 - 刑期同期與分

期執行 - 整體刑期 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Computer Crime

Obtaining access to a computer with dishonest intent/ Community Service Order inappropriate where deterrence required/Criteria for imposition of community service

有不誠實意圖而取用電腦 - 凡須判處阻嚇性刑罰者則不宜判處社會服務令 - 判處社會服

務令的準則 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Conspiracy to Defraud

Street deception/Tricksters preying on credulity of the middle-aged and elderly/Prevalence of offence/Enhancement of sentence under Organised and Serious Crimes Ordinance

街頭行騙 - 騙徒利用中老年人士的輕信騙取利益 - 罪行甚為普遍 - 根據《有組織及嚴重

罪行條例》提高刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Conspiracy to defraud/Creation of false documents to deceive banks into lending money/Impact on credit system/Potential risk to banks

串謀詐騙 - 製備虛假文件欺騙銀行作出貸款 - 對信貸制度的影響 - 對銀行界可能構成風

險 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Dangerous Drugs

Trafficking in ice/Effect of absence of financial gain on sentence/Approach to mitigation that part of trafficker’s drug for self-consumption/Whether social trafficking less serious than commercial trafficking

販運冰 - 沒有經濟收益對判刑的影響 - 對於販毒者以部分危險藥物供自用作為求情理由

的判刑取向 - 相對於商業性質的販毒，社交性質的販毒是否嚴重性較低 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Trafficking in ice/Erroneous discount for entrapment/Drug dealer cannot pray in aid plight of daughter

販運冰 - 錯誤對陷入圈套的罪犯給予減刑 - 毒販不能就女兒所處困境作出請求 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

(xxi)


Doing an act preparatory to manufacture of dangerous drug/Customary range of sentence/Offence analogous to manufacturing/Suffering as fugitive and personal hardship not mitigating factors

作出準備製造危險藥物的作為 - 慣常的判刑幅度 - 所犯罪行與製造危險藥物相類似 - 逃

亡時的辛酸和個人困苦並不構成減刑因素 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Offender aged 16 years cannot rely on ‘extreme youth’/Maturity of youthful offender/Drug traffickers must expect little quarter from the courts

販運危險藥物 - 16歲的罪犯不能倚賴｀極度年輕＇因素 - 少年罪犯的成熟程度 - 販毒者

不能指望法庭寬鬆處理 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Starting point dictated primarily by quantity/Relevance of role/Sentencing of couriers

販運危運藥物 - 量刑起點主要視乎危險藥物的數量而定 - 所擔當的角色是否相關因素 -

判處帶家的刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Total weight of heroin in excess of 6 kilos/Offer to testify against co-accused/Co-accused pleading guilty/Appropriateness of consecutive sentences

販運危險藥物 - 海洛英總重量超過6公斤 - 自願指證同案被控人 - 同案被控人認罪 - 分期

執行刑期屬恰當 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Trafficking in heroin/Grave offence of its type/Age and clear record not mitigation/Sentencing of courier

販運海洛英 - 屬同類罪行中的嚴重罪行 - 年齡及無犯罪紀錄並非求情理由 - 判處帶家的

刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

Trafficking in ‘ice’/Massive quantity/Mathematical progression inappropriate in application of guidelines

販運｀冰＇ - 數量龐大 - 應用量刑指引時採用數學上的刑罰遞進等級並不恰當 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Sentences for dissimilar drugs/Large quantity of heroin and small quantity of midazolam/Enhancement of starting point for heroin offence not appropriate

販運不同毒品的刑罰 - 大量海洛英及小量咪達唑侖 - 提高販運海洛英罪行的量刑起點並

不恰當 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Young offender/Training centre rarely appropriate/Good character of little assistance/ Deterrent sentences required

販運危險藥物 - 青少年犯 - 甚少情況適宜判入教導所 - 良好品格無助於減刑 - 須判處阻

嚇性刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

(xxii)


Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Family circumstances not relevant as mitigation/Good character of little avail

販運危險藥物 - 家庭狀況並非相關的求情因素 - 具有良好品格亦作用不大 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Consecutive sentences appropriate for separate offences on different days/Commission of offence on bail an aggravating factor

販運危險藥物 - 對在不同日子所犯的個別罪行判處分期執行的刑期是恰當的 - 保釋期間

犯罪為加重刑罰的因素 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Possession of drugs in prison/Deterrent sentences required/ Whether place of drugs in prison an aggravating factor/ Length of prison term where quantity small/Sentence to be consecutive to pre-existing sentence

監獄內管有危險藥物 - 須判處阻嚇性刑罰 - 監獄內收藏危險藥物的地方是否加重刑罰的

因素 - 對於少量危險藥物須判處的刑期 - 判刑須與先前的刑期分期執行 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Trafficking ketamine in a discotheque/Duty of courts to deter supply of dangerous drugs to the public/Community Service Order not appropriate

在的士高販運氯胺酮 - 法庭有責任阻嚇罪犯向公眾供應危險藥物 - 社會服務令並不恰當 . . . . 206

販運危險藥物 - 屢次在的士高販運危險藥物 - 冰與氯胺酮混合劑 - 對“雞尾＂混合劑濫

用者構成危險 - 罪行的嚴重性

Trafficking in dangerous drugs/Repeated trafficking in a discotheque/Mixture of ice and ketamine/Danger to abusers of cocktail mixture/Gravity of offence................................................................................................. 208

Manufacturing heroin hydrochloride/Scale of operation/ Comparatively small manufacturing role

製造海洛英鹽酸鹽 - 經營規模 - 製毒者的角色相對輕微 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Trafficking in ‘ice ’ /Large quantity/Application of guideline/ Danger of mathematical progression

販運｀冰＇ - 大量 - 應用量刑指引 - 按數學上刑罰遞進的準則判刑會有危險 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Trafficking in dangerous drug/Substantial quantity of herbal cannabis/Aggravation of sentence on the ground of importation not justified/Previous trafficking convictions aggravate sentence

販運危險藥物 - 相當數量的大麻草 - 因進口而加刑的理由不充分 - 因以前曾犯販運危險

藥物罪而加刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

(xxiii)


Trafficking in dangerous drugs/More than one offence/Need to look at total quantity of drugs/Reduction in discount for plea after absconding/Effect of criminal record on starting point

販運危險藥物 - 超過一項控罪 - 須視乎毒品的總數量 - 棄保潛逃後認罪會削減有關的減

刑幅度 - 刑事紀錄對量刑起點的影響 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Possession of Part I poison/Immediate custodial sentence appropriate/Low risk of dependency

管有第 I部毒藥 - 判處即時監禁屬恰當 - 倚賴藥物的可能性不高 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

Trafficking in ice/Serious exercise in drug trafficking/Severe sentencing policy adopted to international trafficking

販運冰 - 嚴重的販毒活動 - 對國際販毒活動採取嚴厲的判刑政策 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

管有小量危險藥物 - 判刑時應以罪犯的康復為依歸

Possession of small quantity of dangerous drugs/Rehabilitation of offender a principal concern in sentence..... 218

False Instruments

Credit card fraud/Potential for loss the paramount consideration/Deterrent sentence required

信用卡詐騙 - 潛在損失為首要考慮因素 - 須判處阻嚇性刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Credit card fraud/Sentencing considerations/Potential for future loss/Need to protect integrity of credit card system/ Family circumstances to be disregarded where serious offences were concerned

信用卡詐騙 - 判刑須考慮的事宜 - 可能會造成將來損失 - 有必要維護完善的信用卡制度 -

涉及嚴重罪行時不應考慮家庭狀況 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Homicide

Attempted murder/No sentencing guidelines/Earlier authorities reviewed/Stress and provocation/Offence out of character/Swift and genuine remorse/Offender taking law into his own hands/Substantial sentence of imprisonment inevitable

企圖謀殺 - 無判刑指引 - 檢討較早期的案例 - 壓力及激怒 - 所犯罪行違反常性 - 迅速表

示真正悔意 - 犯罪者執行私刑 - 判處較長的監禁刑期是無可避免的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

Manslaughter by provocation/Starting point for sentence not required of judge/Discount for offer to plead guilty

被激怒而誤殺 - 法官無須定出量刑起點 - 願意認罪獲減刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

(xxiv)


Immigration

Burglary and overstaying/Appropriate starting point for overstaying/Breach of trust/Consecutive sentences required

入屋犯法罪及逾期逗留 - 逾期逗留的恰當量刑起點 - 破壞誠信 - 刑期須分期執行 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Unlawful remaining and breach of deportation order/Separate and distinct offences/Consecutive sentences appropriate/ Health of spouse/Reduction in sentence for humanitarian reasons to be sparingly exercised

非法居留及違反遞解離境令 - 個別及不同的罪行 - 刑期分期執行是恰當的 - 配偶的健康 -

法庭須經慎重考慮後才可基於人道理由予以減刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

Possession of forged identity card/Offender unlawfully in Hong Kong/Production of forged identity card to police officer/Inference that employment to be sought/Sentencing considerations

管有偽造身分證 - 犯罪者非法留港 - 向警務人員出示偽造身分證 - 推論藉此找尋工作 -

判刑須考慮的事宜 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

People trafficking/Arranging passage within Hong Kong of unauthorised entrants/Human cargo concealed in container/ Trafficking of humans from Mainland to USA/Sentencing level

非法運送人口 - 安排未獲授權進境者在香港境內的旅程 - 把人當作貨物藏匿在貨櫃箱內 -

從大陸非法運送人口到美國 - 量刑等級 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Possession of forged travel document/Unlawful remaining/ Concurrent sentences appropriate

管有偽造旅行證件 - 非法留在香港 - 刑期同期執行是恰當的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Employing a person not lawfully employable/Routine suspension of sentence to stop forthwith/Exceptional circumstances pre-requisite of suspension

僱用不可合法受僱的人 - 立即停止依慣例判緩刑的做法 - 特殊情況是緩刑的先決條件 . . . . . . . 238

Possession of a false instrument/Purchase of an Indian passport/Isolated use of false passport by person unconnected with Hong Kong/Consecutive sentence for overstaying offence

管有虛假文書 - 購買印度護照 - 與香港無關聯的人使用虛假護照的個別事件 - 逾期居留

罪的刑罰分期執行 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Assisting passage to Hong Kong of a conveyance carrying unauthorised entrants/Sentencing of a crew member/ Previous similar conviction an aggravating factor justifying enhancement of sentence

協助載有未獲授權進境者的運輸工具前來香港的旅程 - 對一名船員的判刑 - 因以往的同

類罪行被定罪成加重刑罰因素，足以支持加刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

(xxv)


Aiding and abetting remaining in Hong Kong of illegal immigrant/Gravity of offence/Impact on Hong Kong of illegal immigration/Appropriate signal as to heavy sentences required

協助和教唆非法入境者留在香港 - 罪行的嚴重性 - 非法入境對香港所產生的影響 - 對有

關判處重刑的適當訊息須予認清 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Overstaying in Hong Kong/Average range of sentence from 3 to 6 months’ imprisonment/Problems caused to Hong Kong by overstayers

在香港逾期逗留 - 平均判刑幅度為3至6個月監禁 - 逾期逗留者對香港造成的問題 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

Immigration offences/Possession of another’s identity card/ Erroneous inference that identity card possessed for purposes of obtaining employment/Sentence in absence of link between possession of identity card and overstaying/Period of overstaying relevant to sentence

違反入境條例的罪行 - 管有他人身分證 - 錯誤推論謂管有身分證是為了找工作 - 在管有

身分證和逾期逗留兩者之間沒有關係下的判刑 - 逾期逗留的期間與判刑有關係 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

Possession of forged identity card/Accused neither an illegal immigrant nor an overstayer/Offence the same as possession of an identity card relating to another person

管有偽造身分證 - 被告不是非法入境者亦不是逾期逗留人士 - 罪行與管有他人的身分證

相同 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Illegal immigrant remaining without authority/Prosecution outside ambit of prosecution policy after acquittal on second charge/Approach to sentence

非法入境者未獲授權留港 - 在第二項控罪罪名不成立後提出檢控乃逾越檢控政策所涵蓋

的範圍 - 如何處理判刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

Unlawful remaining and robbery sentencing/Consecutive sentences in the absence of strong humanitarian reasons or compelling circumstances

非法逗留及搶劫罪的量刑 - 如沒有充分的人道理由或令人信服的情況刑期便須分期執行 . . . . 249

Breach of condition of stay/Substantial overstaying/Clear record of little significance/Discount for voluntary surrender to authorities

違反逗留條件 - 相當長時間的逾期逗留 - 無犯罪紀錄無關重要 - 自願向當局投案獲得減

刑 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250

Immigration Ordinance/Remaining in Hong Kong without authority/Criminal record/Effect of previous similar con-victions/Progressive increase in sentence

《入境條例》 - 未獲授權而留在香港 - 刑事紀錄 - 曾因同類罪行被定罪的影響 - 認罪後

的遞進刑期 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250

(xxvi)


Illegal entry into Hong Kong/Mainland woman giving birth in custody/Mother and child properly cared for by CSD/Sensible sentencing policy to be maintained

非法進入香港 - 大陸婦人羈押期間產子 - 母子由懲教署恰當照顧 - 應維持合乎情理的判

刑政策 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Unlawful remaining/Sentencing level/Entering Hong Kong unlawfully and committing another offence/Consecutive sentences appropriate

非法逗留 - 量刑等級 - 非法進入香港並犯下另一罪行 - 分期執行刑期屬恰當 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

非法逗留 - 向當局投案不一定構成減刑理由 - 上訴人全無悔意 - 較高的量刑起點被認為

是恰當的

Unlawful remaining/Surrender to authorities not necessarily a mitigating factor/Absence of remorse/Higher starting point considered appropriate.......................................................................................... 253

非法逗留20年 - 上訴人雖向當局自首但並無悔意 - 除非情況非常特殊否則判處監禁是必

需的

Unlawful remaining for 20 years/Appellants showed no remorse despite surrender to authority/Custodial sentence necessary save in very special circumstances ........................................................................................ 255

Obscene and Indecent Articles

發布和管有淫褻物品 - 干犯者管有光碟的數量多少對判刑來說並非關鍵性 - 判罰的主要

考慮因素為起阻嚇之效

Publishing and possession of obscene articles/Amount of compact discs involved not a key factor in sentence/Deterrence a major consideration in sentence........................................................................................ 257

OSCO

Credit card fraud/Major operation with international dimension/Deterrent sentence necessary/Enhancement of sentence under OSCO/Effect of jurisdictional limit of District Court

信用卡詐騙 - 涉及國際犯罪層面的大規模騙案 - 必須判以阻嚇性刑罰 - 根據《有組織及

嚴重罪行條例》加重刑罰 - 區域法院的司法管轄權限的影響 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

Having counterfeits of protected coins/Enhancement of sentence due to prevalence under OSCO/No justification for sentence reduction in excess of one-third in absence of positive good character or assistance to authorities/Approach to sentence

持有受保護硬幣 - 由於罪行的普遍程度而根據《有組織及嚴重罪行條例》加刑 - 缺乏顯

著的良好品格證明亦沒有協助當局因而沒有理據可獲多於三分一的減刑 - 量刑方法 . . . . . . . . . . . 260

(xxvii)


Enhancement of sentence under OSCO/Prevalence of offence/ Offence must be prevalent at time of sentence

根據《有組織及嚴重罪行條例》加重刑罰 - 罪行的普遍程度 - 判刑時有關罪行須屬普遍 . . . . 261

POOW

Possession of offensive weapon/Offender out of trouble for 17 years/Desirability of non-custodial sentence

管有攻擊性武器 - 罪犯已17年沒有犯事 - 適宜判處非監禁刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Protected Coins

Having counterfeits of protected coins/Enhancement of sentence due to prevalence under OSCO/No justification for sentence reduction in excess of one-third in absence of positive good character or assistance to authorities/Approach to sentence

持有受保護硬幣 - 由於罪行的普遍程度而根據《有組織及嚴重罪行條例》加刑 - 缺乏顯

著的良好品格證明亦沒有協助當局因而沒有理據可獲多於三分一的減刑 - 量刑方法 . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Public Justice

Conspiring to pervert the course of public justice/No guideline sentence/Providing false testimony to incriminate innocent person/Aggravating factors/Cruel and cynical crime

串謀破壞司法公正 - 無判刑指引 - 提供虛假證供使清白的人入罪 - 加重刑罰的因素 - 殘

酷無情的罪行 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Road Traffic

Dangerous driving causing death/Aggravating factors of drink and showing off/Need for higher sentences/Comments on maximum penalty

危險駕駛引致他人死亡 - 酒後駕駛兼向友儕炫耀為加重刑罰的因素 - 必須判處較高刑罰 -

有關最高刑罰的評論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Driving while disqualified and without third party insurance/ Gravity of offences/Disqualification and imprisonment appropriate/Deterrent sentences required due to risk to other road users

於取消駕駛資格期間沒有第三者保險而駕駛汽車 - 罪行的嚴重性 - 取消駕駛資格和監禁

是恰當的刑罰 - 因對其他道路使用者構成危險而須判處阻嚇性刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

香港法例第374章第46(1)條所指的不小心騎踏單車 - 條文已指明最高刑罰 - 裁判官援引

《刑事訴訟程序條例》第113C條並不恰當

Careless cycling under s 46(1), Cap 374/Maximum penalty specified/Inappropriate for magistrate to invoke s 113C, Criminal Procedure Ordinance .................................................................................................... 268

(xxviii)


Robbery

Assaults on lone women late at night/Violence and indecency used on victims/Campaign of terror/Calculation of sentence/ Consecutive sentences for separate attacks

襲擊單身夜歸女子 - 對受害人施加暴力和作出猥褻行為 - 接二連三的恐怖襲擊 - 刑期的

計算 - 就個別襲擊判處分期執行的刑期 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

Robbery/Vicious attack by young offender to head of 79-year old woman/Breach of trust/Aggravating features of ‘head-bashing’ street robbery applicable

搶劫 - 少年罪犯毒打79歲老婦頭部 - 破壞誠信 - 街邊 ‘扑頭 ’搶劫案的加重刑罰因素適用

於本案 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Robbery by Mainlanders/Coming to Hong Kong to commit robbery an aggravating factor/Offender punished separately for unlawful remaining/Inadvertent double penalty for same criminality/Duty on prosecution to advise court of outstanding offences

大陸人搶劫 - 來香港犯搶劫罪構成加重刑罰的因素 - 罪犯因非法居留而另予懲處 - 就同

一犯罪行為不慎地重複懲處 - 控方有責任將未審結的罪行告知法院 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Lift robberies/Lone women in lifts/Sentencing of persistent offender/Consecutive sentencing/Approach to totality

電梯搶劫 - 電梯內的單身女士 - 對積犯的判刑 - 判處分期執行的刑期 - 處理整體刑期的

方法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

Taxi robbery/Robber acting alone without weapon/Driver seized by neck and money stolen/Starting point of 5 years appropriate

的士搶劫案 - 劫匪沒有武器單獨行事 - 司機被箍頸和劫去金錢 - 以5年為量刑起點屬恰當 . . 279

Sexual Offence

Indecent assault/Victim a tourist undergoing foot massage/Three sentencing considerations/Imprisonment appropriate

猥褻侵犯 - 受害人是一名接受足部按摩的遊客 - 三個判刑考慮因素 - 判處監禁是恰當的 . . . . 279

Rape/Breach of trust/Young girl suffering permanent psychological damage/Deterrent sentence

強姦 - 破壞誠信 - 年青女子蒙受永久的心理傷害 - 阻嚇性刑罰 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

(xxix)


Indecent assault/Conviction after trial of multiple offences by bank official on bank clerk/Absence of remorse precluding community service order option/Aggravating factors producing increase of starting point

猥褻侵犯 - 銀行高級職員對銀行文員犯下多項罪行經審訊後定罪 - 沒有悔意排除社會服

務令的判刑選擇 - 加重刑罰因素造成量刑起點提高 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

與16歲以下的女童非法性交 - 屬嚴重及有預謀的罪行 - 18個月的刑期明顯不足

Unlawful sexual intercourse with a girl under 16/Offence serious and premeditated/18 months’ imprisonment manifestly inadequate .................................................................................................................... 284

Buggery of girl under 21 as alternative count to non-consensual buggery count/Consent no longer an issue after non-consensual buggery count not proceeded with/ Circumstances of giving of consent/Relevant to sentence/Law designed to protect young girls from others and from themselves/English authorities on sentencing for consensual buggery of no value

將未經同意下作出肛交的罪名改為與21歲以下女童作出肛交的交替罪名 - 不控以未經同

意下作出肛交罪名後同意與否不再是爭論點 - 在何種情況下給予同意 - 與判刑有關係 -

法律是為保護年輕少女不被他人傷害和不被自己傷害而制訂的 - 有關經同意作出肛交的

英國判刑案例無甚價值 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Theft/Handling/Deception/False Accounting

Handling a stolen car and forgery/Aggravating factor that offender a motor dealer/Partially consecutive sentences proper/Calculation of totality

處理被竊車輛及偽造 - 犯罪者是汽車經銷商的身分構成加重刑罰的因素 - 部分刑期分期

執行是恰當的 - 計算整體刑期 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

Theft/Mitigation/Mental condition of defendant at time of offence/Effect of restitution

盜竊罪 - 求情理由 - 被告人犯罪時的精神狀況 - 歸還財物的效力 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

盜竊罪 - 慣犯 - 較高量刑起點是恰當的 - 須處以阻嚇性刑罰

Theft/Persistent offender/Higher starting point appropriate/ Deterrent sentence required ................................... 296

Theft/Repayment prior to charge/Effect of compensation or restitution as mitigation/Significant discount appropriate/ Positive good character

盜竊罪 - 被控前已作出償付 - 以補償或歸還財物作為求情因素的效力 - 顯著減刑是恰當

做法 - 顯著的良好品格 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298

(xxx)


多項以欺騙手段取得財產的罪行 - 年輕罪犯使用偷竊得來的visa卡 - 施行公義須恩威兼施

- 判處感化較判入教導所更為恰當

Multiple offences of obtaining property by deception/Use of stolen visa cards by young offender/Tempering justice with mercy/Probation more appropriate than training centre ................................... 299

Procuring making of entries in bank record by deception/ Grouping of multiple offences to achieve a proper totality/ Medical condition receiving proper treatment in prison/System of documentary credits dependent upon trust/Offences at top scale of gravity

以欺騙手段促致在銀行紀錄內記入記項 - 將多項罪行分類以達致適當的整體刑期 - 身體

不適在監獄內接受適當的治理 - 跟單信用證制度有賴誠信 - 罪行屬極嚴重性質 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Fraud on social welfare system/Methodical embezzlement of a large sum over a long period/Restitution as a mitigating factor/Effect of delay in prosecuting/Comments on TIC procedure

對社會福利制度的欺詐 - 在一段長時期內有規律地盜用大筆公款 - 歸還款項作為求情因

素 - 延誤檢控的影響 - 就｀考慮＇程序作出評論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302

Handling stolen goods/Aggravating feature that offender acted in concert with a security guard who acted in breach of trust/ Community Service Order not appropriate/Absence of Remorse

處理贓物 - 犯�

classified criminal appeals bulletin 2002 cover第201章《防止賄賂條例》第3條 -...

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