Cleanliness & Personal Cleanliness & Personal Hygiene and YouHygiene and You

By. Mrs Surekha B. MaliBy. Mrs Surekha B. Mali

HealthHealth

According to the World Health According to the World Health Organization, health is a state of Organization, health is a state of complete physical, mental and social complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.absence of disease or infirmity.

HygieneHygiene

From the Greek From the Greek word “hygies”word “hygies”

Meaning Meaning ““healthy, sound”healthy, sound”

HygieneHygiene

The definition of hygiene is The definition of hygiene is healthy habits that include bathing, healthy habits that include bathing, keeping the mouth clean, keeping keeping the mouth clean, keeping the skin protected from the sun and the skin protected from the sun and washing hands frequently before washing hands frequently before handling edibles to insure the safe handling edibles to insure the safe delivery of food.delivery of food.

Good and Bad HygieneGood and Bad HygieneThe difference between good and bad The difference between good and bad

hygiene is:hygiene is:• Good hygiene keep you protected Good hygiene keep you protected

from things, like germs and from things, like germs and dangerous UV rays from the sun, in dangerous UV rays from the sun, in the environment that can hurt youthe environment that can hurt you

• Bad hygiene allows these things to Bad hygiene allows these things to affect your body and probably make affect your body and probably make you sick you sick

What is Personal Hygiene?What is Personal Hygiene?Regular Routine of Personal Care Regular Routine of Personal Care

Washing and GroomingWashing and Grooming

• Your HairYour Hair

• Your FaceYour Face

• Your SkinYour Skin

• Your TeethYour Teeth

• Your EarsYour Ears

• Your HandsYour Hands

• Your NailsYour Nails

• Your FeetYour Feet

The Benefits of Good The Benefits of Good HygieneHygiene• According to the Centers for Disease According to the Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention, addressing the Control and Prevention, addressing the spread of germs in schools is essential to spread of germs in schools is essential to the health of our youth, our schools, and the health of our youth, our schools, and our nation our nation

• Good hygiene prevents the spread of Good hygiene prevents the spread of germsgerms

• It also helps to give a good first impression It also helps to give a good first impression to othersto others

Healthy Skin: Hand Healthy Skin: Hand WashingWashing

According to the Centers for Disease According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) 22 million school days Control (CDC) 22 million school days are lost each year due to the are lost each year due to the common cold. common cold.

Some viruses and bacteria can live Some viruses and bacteria can live from 20 minutes up to 2 hours or from 20 minutes up to 2 hours or more on surfaces like cafeteria more on surfaces like cafeteria tables, doorknobs, and desks tables, doorknobs, and desks

How to Wash Your HandsHow to Wash Your Hands

• Use warm running waterUse warm running water

• Use soapUse soap

• Scrub hands together and under nails Scrub hands together and under nails for at least 15-20 seconds for at least 15-20 seconds

• Dry hands on a clean cloth or paper Dry hands on a clean cloth or paper towel or use an automatic hand dryer towel or use an automatic hand dryer if possibleif possible

Dental HygieneDental HygieneWhat causes What causes

cavities?cavities?• Sugar and Plaque Sugar and Plaque

together creates together creates bacteria that bacteria that causes tooth decay. causes tooth decay.

•Tooth Decay can Tooth Decay can be transmitted be transmitted through the through the mouth from mouth from someone who someone who may have tooth may have tooth decay bacteriadecay bacteria..

How to avoid How to avoid tooth decay.tooth decay.

• Daily dental Daily dental hygiene routine hygiene routine that consist of that consist of brushing for brushing for 2-4 2-4 minutesminutes and and flossing. flossing.

• See a dentist See a dentist every 6 monthsevery 6 months

Healthy Teeth and GumsHealthy Teeth and Gums

The health and cleanliness of your The health and cleanliness of your mouth is important, if you don’t brush mouth is important, if you don’t brush and floss…and floss…

• Cavities (holes in your teeth) may formCavities (holes in your teeth) may form

• Your breath will probably smell badYour breath will probably smell bad

• You may be at higher risk for serious You may be at higher risk for serious disease later in life, such as heart disease later in life, such as heart disease, stroke, and diabetesdisease, stroke, and diabetes

Choosing a Toothbrush and ToothpasteChoosing a Toothbrush and Toothpaste

Choose a toothbrush certified by the American Choose a toothbrush certified by the American Dental Association (ADA)Dental Association (ADA)

A soft bristle brush is good, and it should fit to A soft bristle brush is good, and it should fit to your mouth your mouth

Get a new toothbrush at least every 3 or 4 Get a new toothbrush at least every 3 or 4 monthsmonths

Choose a fluoride toothpaste also certified by the Choose a fluoride toothpaste also certified by the ADAADA

HalitosisHalitosisBad Breath…Bad Breath…

Caused by the Caused by the activity of certain activity of certain types of oral types of oral bacteriabacteria

Other causes:Other causes:

• Food stuck in teethFood stuck in teeth

• Sinus problemsSinus problems

• Stomach problemsStomach problems

How Often and When to Brush How Often and When to Brush and Flossand Floss

• At least two times a dayAt least two times a day

• One time in the morning, and one time One time in the morning, and one time at nightat night

• Consider brushing between meals, Consider brushing between meals, too! too!

• Floss at least one time a dayFloss at least one time a day

• Floss if you feel food stuck in your Floss if you feel food stuck in your teethteeth

Brushing Technique and SkillsBrushing Technique and Skills

• Place your toothbrush against the gums.Place your toothbrush against the gums.

• Move the brush back and forth gently in short (tooth-wide) Move the brush back and forth gently in short (tooth-wide) strokes. strokes.

• Brush the outer tooth surfaces, the inner tooth surfaces, and Brush the outer tooth surfaces, the inner tooth surfaces, and the chewing surfaces of the teeth. the chewing surfaces of the teeth.

• Clean the inside surfaces of the front teeth, using a gentle up-Clean the inside surfaces of the front teeth, using a gentle up-and-down stroke. and-down stroke.

• Brush your tongue to remove bacteria and freshen your breath.Brush your tongue to remove bacteria and freshen your breath.

Proper Flossing SkillsProper Flossing Skills• Hold the floss tightly between your thumbs and Hold the floss tightly between your thumbs and

forefingers.forefingers.

• Guide the floss between your teeth using a gentle Guide the floss between your teeth using a gentle rubbing motion. Never snap the floss into the gums. rubbing motion. Never snap the floss into the gums.

• When the floss reaches the gum line, curve it into a C When the floss reaches the gum line, curve it into a C shape against one tooth. Gently slide it into the space shape against one tooth. Gently slide it into the space between the gum and the tooth.between the gum and the tooth.

Proper Flossing Skills (cont’d)Proper Flossing Skills (cont’d)

• Hold the floss tightly against the tooth. Gently Hold the floss tightly against the tooth. Gently rub the side of the tooth, moving the floss rub the side of the tooth, moving the floss away from the gum with up and down away from the gum with up and down motions. motions.

• Repeat this method on the rest of your teeth. Repeat this method on the rest of your teeth.

• Don't forget the back side of your last tooth.Don't forget the back side of your last tooth.

Foods to AvoidFoods to Avoid

Bacteria in your mouth grow on sugarBacteria in your mouth grow on sugar

Try to eat as little “junk food” as possibleTry to eat as little “junk food” as possible

=candy, chocolate, and other sweets=candy, chocolate, and other sweets

Avoid drinking soda and sweet teaAvoid drinking soda and sweet tea

If you do eat these things, you may want to If you do eat these things, you may want to brush immediately afterwardsbrush immediately afterwards

Protection From the SunProtection From the Sun

• Cancer researchers believe childhood Cancer researchers believe childhood sunburns may increase a person's sunburns may increase a person's risk of developing melanoma, the risk of developing melanoma, the most serious skin cancer. most serious skin cancer.

• Most of the more than 1 million cases Most of the more than 1 million cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer of nonmelanoma skin cancer diagnosed yearly in the United States diagnosed yearly in the United States are considered to be sun-related.are considered to be sun-related.

Protection From the SunProtection From the Sun

• 80% of the average person's lifetime 80% of the average person's lifetime sun exposure happens before age sun exposure happens before age 18.18.

• Skin cancer is the most common of Skin cancer is the most common of all cancers. It accounts for nearly half all cancers. It accounts for nearly half of all cancers in the United States. of all cancers in the United States.

How to Protect YourselfHow to Protect Yourself• Avoid the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 Avoid the sun between 10 a.m. and 4

p.m. p.m.

• Seek shade: Look for shade, Seek shade: Look for shade, especially in the middle of the day especially in the middle of the day when the sun's rays are strongest. when the sun's rays are strongest.

• Cover your head with a wide-Cover your head with a wide-brimmed hat, shading your face, brimmed hat, shading your face, ears, and neck. ears, and neck.

How to Protect YourselfHow to Protect Yourself

• Wear sunglasses Wear sunglasses

• Cover up with protective clothing to Cover up with protective clothing to guard as much skin as possible when guard as much skin as possible when you are out in the sun. Choose you are out in the sun. Choose comfortable clothes made of tightly comfortable clothes made of tightly woven fabrics that you cannot see woven fabrics that you cannot see through when held up to a light. through when held up to a light.

Sunscreen Sunscreen

• Use sunscreen with a sun protection Use sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher. factor (SPF) of 15 or higher.

• Apply a generous amount about a Apply a generous amount about a palmful all over areas of your skin palmful all over areas of your skin that are exposed.that are exposed.

• Put it on 15-20 minutes before going Put it on 15-20 minutes before going out in the sun. out in the sun.

SunscreenSunscreen

• Reapply after Reapply after swimming, swimming, toweling dry, or toweling dry, or perspiring.perspiring.

• Reapply every two Reapply every two hourshours

• Use sunscreen Use sunscreen even on hazy or even on hazy or overcast days. overcast days.

SunscreenSunscreen• More time in the sun!More time in the sun!

If you could spend 10 minutes in the If you could spend 10 minutes in the sun without sunscreen and you apply sun without sunscreen and you apply SPF 15… Now you can stay in the SPF 15… Now you can stay in the sun for 2 hours!sun for 2 hours!

• If you do get a sunburn, use a lotion If you do get a sunburn, use a lotion or aloe vera on the skin.or aloe vera on the skin.

HairHair

• Brushing your hair cleans and Brushing your hair cleans and stimulates hair and scalp. stimulates hair and scalp.

• Brush from roots to tips to Brush from roots to tips to spread natural oils along the spread natural oils along the whole length of hair. whole length of hair.

• Shampoo regularlyShampoo regularly

HairHair

• How do I choose a How do I choose a shampoo?shampoo?

• Is my hair Oily, or is my Is my hair Oily, or is my hair Dry? hair Dry?

• Do I need conditioner? Do I need conditioner?

• What will stop the What will stop the DANDRUFF???DANDRUFF???

DandruffDandruff

What is it?What is it?• Dry itchy scalpDry itchy scalp

• White flakes White flakes on head and on head and shouldersshoulders

What causes it?What causes it?• Skin cells that grow Skin cells that grow

and die off too fastand die off too fast

• Fat eating fungus on Fat eating fungus on scalp that grow out of scalp that grow out of control and feeds off control and feeds off the oil on the hair the oil on the hair folliclesfollicles

ACNEACNE

Acne is created when oil from the oil Acne is created when oil from the oil glands mix with the dead cells and glands mix with the dead cells and plug up the hair follicles in the skin it plug up the hair follicles in the skin it creates a “whitehead.” creates a “whitehead.”

A “blackhead” is when the air A “blackhead” is when the air touches the plug, the plug turns touches the plug, the plug turns blackblack

AcneAcne

What makes acne worse?

Oil-based makeup, suntan oil, hair jells and spray.

For girls, menstruation

Squeezing or picking at blemishes

Hard scrubbing of the skin

Who gets acne? Boys and girls during their teen years. Boys may get it worse because they have more skin oil.

If your parents had bad acne, chances are you may get it bad too.

Acne MythsAcne Myths1: Does chocolate cause zits?1: Does chocolate cause zits?A: NO A: NO 2: Does Extra washing help clear zits? 2: Does Extra washing help clear zits? A: No, the extra scrubbingA: No, the extra scrubbingirritates skin and could makeirritates skin and could makethem worse.them worse.3: Does acne leave scars? 3: Does acne leave scars? A: Yes, you can reduce theA: Yes, you can reduce thescarring by NOT PICKINGscarring by NOT PICKINGand avoid excessive scrubbingand avoid excessive scrubbing..

EarsEars• Wash ears daily with a Wash ears daily with a

wash cloth don’t forget wash cloth don’t forget behind the earsbehind the ears

• Do not use Qtips in ears Do not use Qtips in ears it will smash the ear wax it will smash the ear wax deep into the ear canaldeep into the ear canal

• Did you know…..??Did you know…..??

Ear wax is usually Ear wax is usually removed when you chew removed when you chew food or gum food or gum

Fingernails and ToenailsFingernails and Toenails• File fingernails in File fingernails in

one directionone direction

• Cut toenails Cut toenails straight across – straight across – never cut into never cut into cornerscorners

• Protect against Protect against ingrown toenails ingrown toenails by avoiding tight by avoiding tight shoes, very high shoes, very high heelsheels

Athletes FootAthletes FootTinea Corpois – Tinea Corpois –

Fungal Infection – Fungal Infection – Athletes FootAthletes Foot

• Keep feet and skin Keep feet and skin clean and dryclean and dry

• Change socks dailyChange socks daily• Avoid walking barefoot Avoid walking barefoot

in public areasin public areas• Throw away worn-out Throw away worn-out

shoes and never borrow shoes and never borrow other people’s shoesother people’s shoes

Make Hygiene part of Make Hygiene part of your daily routineyour daily routine