CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY & RESILIENCE

NURSHAHAFIQAH BINTI ASLI2014619364

DEFINITIONS

CLIMATE CHANGEClimate change refers to any significance change in the measure of climate lasting for an extended period of time.

Climate change or global warming is the most serious environmental threats. Extreme bad weather can caused a natural disaster.

A disaster caused by climate change could be defined as a serious disruption to the functioning of a community or a society causes widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.

VULNERABILITYThreat to hazardous things to which people are exposed including chemical agents and the ecological situation of the communities and their level of emergency preparedness.

Natural or social system is susceptible to sustaining damage from climate change. Vulnerability is a function of the sensitivity of a system to changes in climate and the ability to adapt to system to changes in climate.

RESILIENCEThe capacity for a socio-ecological system to:

(1) absorb stresses and maintain function in the face of external stresses imposed upon it by climate change.

(2) adapt, reorganize, and evolve into more desirable configurations that improve the sustainability of the system, leaving it better prepared for future climate change impacts.

FACTORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE1. NATURAL CAUSES• Changes in volcanic activity• Solar output• Earth's orbit around the Sun

2. HUMAN CAUSES• Burning of fossil fuels• Deforestation• Oil & petrol engines

EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE1. Unusual and prolonged dry seasons and water

shortages especially in Selangor and Klang Valley.

2. Mini tornadoes in Kedah

3. Massive year-end floods

CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY

a) Exposure to climate change – relates to the magnitude and rate of change in climatic variables such as temperature and rainfall that are known to impact human population

b) Sensitivity to its effects – the extent to which a community is affected by climate variability or change.

c) Coping capacity for survive with the effects – measure of society’s resources and capabilities to offset the unfavorable effects of climate change.

CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE• National Policy on Climate Change (NPCC) officially

launched by the Honorable Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia in August 2010;

• Established for ensuring climate-resilience development to fulfill national aspiration for sustainability

Policy objectives:• Mainstreaming climate change through wise

management of resources and enhanced environmental conservation resulting in strengthened economic competitiveness and improved quality of life.

• Integration of responses into national policies, plans and programs to strengthen the resilience of development from arising and potential impacts of climate change.

• Strengthening of institutional and implementation capacity to better harness opportunities to reduce negative impacts of climate change. - Green technology shall be a driver to accelerate the national economy and promote sustainable development.

MITIGATION• Energy efficiency buildings.• GBI in construction• Energy efficiency electrical appliances.• Fuel standard improvements.• Reserved forest.• Recycle waste.• Flood mitigation programmes:

- development of 34 hazard maps to facilitate

disaster prevention and development planning.

JAPAN EARTHQUAKE, THE RESILIENCE???

• Fireproof buildings - The city makes effective use of a Fireproof Promotion Program, and has improved the subsidy system to make buildings fireproof and encourage joint civic/business reconstruction of old buildings.

• Earthquake resistance building constructions.

• Securing open spaces (parks for every city and town as a disaster recovery base).

• Increase awareness.

CONCLUSIONPoor people in developing countries are in the front line of climate change. Not only are expected changes in rainfall and temperature in many developing countries greater than in the developed world, but poor people are also more vulnerable to such changes.

The ability of governments, civil society and private sector organisations in developing countries to build the resilience of poor people to disasters and climate change must be improved.