The Cold WarHow did countries interact after WWII?

Today’s Objectives● Question of the Day: In what ways did the Cold War shift United States

international policies?● Harry Potter and the Evil Lord Voldemort!● Vocabulary

o Red Scare, Cold War, Gulags, Free Enterprise, Superpowers, Containment, Truman Doctrine

● Timeline - post-WWII to the end of the Cold War● Graphic organizer activity/assignment● Exit Slip

Harry Potter vs Lord Voldemort

● What obstacles did Harry have to overcome to convince people they needed to stand up against Lord Voldemort?

The Red Scare● Red Scare - the promotion of fear of a

potential rise of communism or radical leftismo First Red Scare was about worker (socialist)

revolution and political radicalism o The Second Red Scare was focused on national and

foreign communists influencing society, infiltrating the federal government, or both

● The United States used the fear of a Communist take-over to fuel the fight against the U.S.S.R. in what would be called the Cold Waro Harry Potter gathered a loyal team of wizards to fight

against the tyrannical take-over of Voldemort, even though most did not believe the problem existed (until the end of the fifth movie!)

Cold War

• The superpowers, the U.S. and Soviet Union were the big rivals after WWII

• Called the “Cold” war because both sides had nuclear weapons but never confronted each other directly in open warfare

The Roots● Competing ideological systems

(democracy/free enterprise vs. communism)● The U.S. wanted to spread democracy and

free enterprise● The Soviets wanted to spread Communism.

○ Stalin was supposed to be creating a classless society that helped all workers, but actually established a brutal dictatorship under his absolute control.

○ Suspected critics and opponents were arrested and sent to gulags (forced labor camps) in Siberia

Why did the United States and Soviet Union enter into the Cold War?● Consider the following to answer the question:

o What were the competing ideological systems U.S. wanted to spread.. Soviets wanted to spread..

The Soviet Union’s Ideology● One political party – Communism● All labor groups and associations are run by the

Communist Party● Industries and farms are owned by the state,

central planners determine economic needs for the nation, private property was limited, education and health care provided by the state

● Religion was discouraged● Secret police arrested opponents, censorship

was common, people could not exercise beliefs freely

American Ideology● A multi-party democracy● Unions and other organizations negotiated

openly with employers● Free enterprise, private ownership of

property, supply and demand determined prices, people met their own needs with some limited government involvement

● Freedom of religion● Freedom of the press and expression

Video:Crash Course - Cold War Ideologies

The Cold War Begins• After the war, the Soviets saw a growing threat from

capitalist governments• Stalin distrusted the West• He created a wall of satellite countries as a buffer

against future invasions• Refused to allow free elections in Poland and other

countries it occupied in Eastern Europe• Cut off trade between Eastern and Western Europe

(closed the East to the West)• The U.S. refused to share the secrets behind the

atom bomb

U.S. Containment Policy

• American leaders responded to the Soviet domination of Eastern Europe by developing a policy of containment.

• Under this policy, they did not attempt to overturn Communism where it already existed, but resolved to prevent it from spreading further

The Truman Doctrine• When Communist rebels

threatened Greece and Stalin pressured Turkey, Truman offered them military aid

• He believed that economic and financial aid should be used first

• Did not want to make the mistake of “appeasement” that had failed against Hitler

Question of the Day: In what ways did the Cold War shift United States international policies?