congress: the legislative branch by. janine hepler
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
By. Janine Hepler
![Page 2: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Congress
Legislative (lawmaking) branch of government
1st branch described in the Constitution Article I
Founders intended Congress to lead the executive & judicial branches
![Page 3: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bicameralism
Congress is made of 2 chambers (houses)
Congress
Senate
House of Representatives
![Page 5: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why Bicameralism?—3 Reasons
1. Historical Roots British Tradition
(Parliament)
2. Federalism Resolved population
debate (VA vs. NJ Plan)
3. Checks & Balances Gives power to both
Houses
![Page 7: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Congress ReviewHOUSE SENATE
Size
Constituency
Term Length
Age
Length of Citizenship
Residence
![Page 14: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Roles Played by Our Representatives
The Members of Congress
![Page 15: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Balancing Act
Congress men & women take on many roles in their daily jobs as our leaders—as they vote on bills
![Page 16: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Members of Congress: Roles
Legislator
Committee Member
Delegate
Trustee
Partisan
Politico
Assignment Read pgs. 249-53 Describe the
duties that member of Congress fulfill within each role—defining each
Answer questions #1, 2, & 4 on pg. 253
![Page 18: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Legislator MAIN JOB Makes laws
Committee Member Works with other members Screens bills & oversees
Executive branch
Delegate Represents constituents Acts/votes as agent for “folks
back home”
Trustee Decides issues on merit alone—
regardless of others Votes according to “gut”
Partisan Votes in line with wishes of party
platforms & leaders
Politico Combines ALL other roles Acts as “practical politician”
Co
ng
ressio
nal
Ro
les
![Page 19: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
REVIEW: Congressional Roles Voting NO on a bill that eases abortion laws because it goes against your
party’s platform. Voting YES on a bill that increases benefits paid to soldiers fighting in
Afghanistan because you personally believe in the war against terrorism Voting YES on a bill that will bring new jobs to Stark County because
many of your constituents are unemployed & are seeking work. Voting NO on a bill that would raise taxes because you feel that it goes
against your party’s beliefs, your personal wants, & the needs of your constituents.
Delegate Partisan Politico Trustee
![Page 20: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Congressional Compensation & Privileges
![Page 21: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Compensation & Privileges
Salary
$174,000
Privileges “Cloak of Immunity”
Immune from arrest for misdemeanors during congressional sessions
Can’t be sued for libel
Other Compensation Tax deductions Travel allowances Low-cost health insurance Pension plan Money for offices/staff Franking privilege
![Page 22: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
A Closer Look
The House of Representatives
![Page 25: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The “People’s House”
Closest to the people—lower house Smallest constituency
Once the only branch of the federal government that was directly elected
![Page 26: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
House Qualifications & Terms
25 years oldAge7 yearsCitizenship
Within StateResidency
2 yearsTerm Length
Unlimited# of Terms
![Page 27: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Facts About the House…
Population-based
435 members
Every state has at least 1 member
Members are apportioned & reapportioned every 10 years
![Page 28: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Characteristics of the House Younger membership Less prestigious Lower visibility Concentrated power Organized by hierarchy Smaller constituencies Acts more quickly Formal & rigid rules
Jim Renacci (R)
![Page 29: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Membership Profile
Long-standing, respected community members
Upper-income, wealthy professionals
Active in civic/local) organizations
Politically-experienced (state/local)
![Page 30: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Why Incumbents Rule!
Incumbents almost never lose 92% Reelection Rate
since WWII
Name Recognition
Greater Media Access
Better Funding
Accumulate political goodwill “Pork Barrel” spending
projects
![Page 31: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Louisville is
represented by
DISTRICT 16
![Page 32: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Ohio must reapportion its
districts following the 2010 census.
LOSING 2 SEATS
![Page 33: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The Reapportionment Act of 1929 ONLY affects the _____ chamber of Congress NOT the _______.
The Reapportionment Act of 1929 fixed the size of the House of Representatives at _____ total members.
According to the Act, the results of the ______ taken every 10 years would be used to _________ House seats.
Following the census, __________ in the states are redrawn to reflect the population change.
REVIEW: Reapportionment Act of 1929
![Page 35: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Where did gerrymandering come from?
● The original gerrymander was created in 1812 by Massachusetts Governor Elbridge Gerry, who crafted a district for political purposes.
● Boston Weekly Messenger thought it looked like a salamander. And named it the “Gerrymander”
![Page 37: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The Original Gerrymander
![Page 38: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
What is the purpose of gerrymandering?
• To concentrate opposition votes into a few districts to gain more seats for the majority in surrounding districts (called packing)
-OR-• To diffuse minority strength across many
districts (called dilution).
![Page 39: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
A Closer Look
The Senate
![Page 40: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
The “Upper House”
More prestigious than the House of Representatives
Larger constituencies
Equal representation for each state
![Page 41: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Facts About the Senate
Each state is given 2 Senators
Senators are elected at-large by direct vote
Encouraged to debate issues
Continuous Body
![Page 42: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Senate Qualifications & Terms
30 years oldAge9 yearsCitizenship
Within StateResidency
6 yearsTerm Length
Unlimited# of Terms
![Page 43: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Characteristics of the Senate Older membership Less formal & rigid rules Less hierarchy Acts more slowly Power is less concentrated Larger constituencies More prestige Higher visibility Unlimited debate Approves & rejects Presidential decisions
![Page 44: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Membership Profile
Wealthy membership
Focus on reelection campaigns
Face higher prestige & increased responsibility than their colleagues in the House
Use Senate as stepping stone to higher office
Rob Portman (R)
Sherrod Brown (D)
![Page 45: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Congressional elections are held on the ________, following the first _________, in ____________ during ____________ years.
Members of the House run for reelection every ___ years.
Every 2 years, ____ of the Senate stands for reelection, thus they are described as a _________.
Elections held in non-presidential years are referred to as ______ elections
REVIEW: Congressional Elections
![Page 48: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Strict vs. Liberal Construction
The Scope of Congressional Power
![Page 49: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Historical Perspective
Framers intended to create a new & stronger National Gov’t.
Many of the conflicts b/t Federalists & Antifederalists centered on the powers of Congress
![Page 50: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Strict vs. Liberal Construction
Strict Liberal
Definition
Major Proponent
Implied Powers
National Power
State Power
![Page 51: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Growth of National Power
Factors Liberal Construction Wars Economic Crises National Emergencies Advances in Technology &
Communication Citizen Demands
(Services)
![Page 52: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Congress & the Constitution The Constitution
places many restrictions on Congress Many powers are
denied
![Page 53: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Things Congress CAN’T Do… Create a national public school system Require that everyone attend church Set a minimum driving age
![Page 54: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Powers Granted to Congress
Expressed
AKA enumerated
Clearly stated
EX.) power to declare war
Implied
Deducted from clearly stated powers
Made possible by Elastic Clause
EX.)Drafting soldiers
Inherent
Powers possessed by all sovereign states
NOT expressedEX.)Gaining territory
![Page 55: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
REVIEW: Constitutional Interpretations
Strict Liberal
BOTH
![Page 56: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Congress’ Powers
![Page 57: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Constitutional Framework
Constitution is both highly specific & vague about the powers Congress may exercise
Article I, Section 8 specifies most of Congress’ enumerated powers
![Page 59: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Expressed Powers: Money & Trade
Taxation Lay & collect income taxes Allows Congress to pay
debts & provide for the common defense/general welfare
![Page 63: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Expressed Powers: Money & Trade
![Page 64: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Expressed Powers: Money & Trade
![Page 65: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
A Side Note: The National Debt
![Page 66: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Expressed Powers: Money & Trade
![Page 67: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Expressed Powers: Money & Trade
![Page 68: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
![Page 69: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
![Page 70: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
![Page 71: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
![Page 72: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
Judicial Powers Create Federal Court
system
Punish 4 specific crimes: Treason Counterfeiting piracy/felonies on the high
seas offenses against law of
nations
![Page 73: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
![Page 74: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
![Page 75: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
![Page 76: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Other Expressed Powers
Eminent Domain Government’s right to take
private property for public use
![Page 77: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
The Nonlegislative Powers of Congress
Constitutional Amendments May propose an Amendment
Current Issues Worthy of Amendments… prayer in public schools abortion prohibiting flag burning requiring a balanced budget
.
![Page 78: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
The Nonlegislative Powers of Congress
![Page 79: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
The Nonlegislative Powers of Congress
Impeachment House votes on articles of
impeachment (indictment) Senate tries defendants
(conviction, possible removal)
Impeachment: formal charge, accusation of misconduct brought against a public official
![Page 80: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
The Nonlegislative Powers of Congress
Executive Duties Senate confirms major appointments & treaties
made by the President
Senatorial Courtesy: Senate will turn down Presidential appointment of a federal officer to serve in a particular state if the appointment is opposed by a Senator of the President’s party who is from the State involved
![Page 81: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
The Nonlegislative Powers of Congress
Investigatory Powers Congressional Committees &
Subcommittees Gather information Oversee actions of executive
agencies Expose questionable
activities by public officials Promote the interests of
some members of Congress
![Page 82: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
The Nonlegislative Powers of Congress
Censure Congress may censure
someone by issuing a formal condemnation of the individual’s actions
Meant to shame the official—severe punishment (short of expulsion) Only used 4x in history
Charles Rangel—20 term Congressman
![Page 83: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
![Page 84: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
POP QUIZ: Powers of Congress
1. Create a Venn Diagram comparing & contrasting:
Strict vs. Liberal
Construction of the Constitution
Include the following: Description of viewpoint Major Supporter Attitude toward use of
implied powers Level of government that
should hold the most power
2. Define each of the following types of power:
• Expressed• Implied• Inherent
&
Provide an example of EACH power as it pertains to things that Congress is allowed to do
10
Points
![Page 85: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Congressional Checks & Balances
![Page 86: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
![Page 87: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
![Page 88: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Congress Organizes
Presiding Officers
![Page 89: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Leadership in the House
Strict leadership & discipline is necessary 435 members
Leadership positions are organized by party
House reorganizes itself on opening day 3rd day of Jan. in odd #
years
![Page 91: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Freshman Class of the 112th Congress
![Page 92: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Speaker of the House
John Boehner
Majority Leader
Eric Cantor
Majority Whip
Minority Leader
Nancy Pelosi
Minority Whip
House Body: Everyone Else
![Page 93: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
![Page 94: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
House of Representatives
Speaker of the House Single-most important
member of Congress Presiding Officer Party Leader Most powerful & visible Only leadership position
specifically mentioned in the Constitution
3rd in line for Presidency
*John Boehner (R)--Ohio
![Page 95: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
The Speaker’s Power
Determine committee assignments
Preside over House Interpret rules Channels bills to committee Sets agenda & schedules
action Coordinates policy agenda
with Senate leadership
![Page 96: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Majority & Minority Leaders
Main job of both floor leaders: make sure laws pass that their parties want
Majority leader= top assistant to Speaker
Minority leader= leader of opposition party in the House
Eric Cantor
Nancy Pelosi
![Page 97: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Whips
Assistant Floor Leaders
Deputies responsible for maintaining party loyalty & “counting heads” on key votes
Main role: gather members support for legislation
![Page 98: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Leadership in the Senate
With only 100 members, leadership isn’t as rigid—less formal
Members are on a 1st name basis with each other
Dramatically different than the House
![Page 99: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Vice President
Joe Biden
President Pro TemporeDaniel Inouye
Majority Leader
Majority Whip
Minority Leader
Minority Whip
Senate Body: Everyone Else
![Page 100: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
![Page 101: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
The Senate
Vice President Constitution gives VP the
symbolic title “President of the Senate” Little real authority
President Pro Tempore—leader chosen in absence of the V.P.
Joe Biden
Daniel Inouye
![Page 102: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Floor Leaders
Majority & Minority leaders hold the real power in the Senate
Allowed to speak 1st during debate
Represent Senate to outsiders
Helped by whips
Powers Schedule floor debate Determine committees Select Conference
Committee members Act as spokespersons Mobilize support
for/against the President
![Page 103: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Committees in Congress
![Page 104: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
The BIG Idea…
![Page 105: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Standing Committees
Definition: Permanent group of either House or Senate
members to consider bills on specific subjects
Committee Functions: Investigate, evaluate, & sift through proposed bills
Examples: (List on pg. 291) Agriculture, Banking & Financial Services, Armed
Forces, Veterans’ Affairs, Science, Ways & Means
![Page 106: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
![Page 107: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
![Page 108: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Select Committees
Definition: Temporary panel set up for some specific purpose
Committee Functions: Investigate some current matter for possible new laws or
for special issues
Examples (from 1987): House Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions w/Iran Senate Committee on Secret Military Assistance to Iran & the
Nicaraguan Opposition
![Page 109: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Joint Committees
Definition: Committee composed of members from BOTH
chambers (House & Senate)
Committee Functions: Investigates & issues reports, deals with issues
common to both houses, some have routine duties
Examples: (List on pg. 291) Economic, The Library of Congress, Printing,
Taxation
![Page 110: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Conference Committees
Definition: Temporary & composed of members of BOTH
chambers (House & Senate)
ONLY Function: Irons out differences between similar bills in the
House & Senate versions—produces compromise bills
![Page 111: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
The House Rules Committee Acts as a “traffic cop”
in the House of Representatives
Explanation Why: Decides the order in
which bills come up for a vote
Determine the rules for the length of debate & opportunity for amendments
![Page 112: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Congressional Committee System
REVIEW:
![Page 113: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
![Page 114: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
in REVIEW
![Page 115: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
![Page 116: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Can you define EACH of the 4 types of committees?
Standing Select
JointConferen
ce
![Page 117: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Congressional Leadership Positions
REVIEW
![Page 118: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Who Am I?
![Page 119: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Who Are We?
![Page 120: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
*Act the same in BOTH House & Senate
![Page 121: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Who Am I?
![Page 122: CONGRESS: THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH By. Janine Hepler](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649f355503460f94c53c92/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Who Am I?