connectkaro 2015 - 4b - women's safety in public transport
TRANSCRIPT
Women’s Safety in Public Transport
Ranjana Menon
connectkaro.org
Indian Scenario
Population:
Work force:
48.5% women
30% women
Women Work force
Participation Rate:
2011-122004-05
29%
Sources:
Census, 2011
World Economic Forum, 2013
NSSO
Indian Scenario
Global Women’s Work
Force Participation:
120th
Out of 131
Urban Rural Divide:
High Urbanization:
2030
40%
26.5%14.6%
Sources:
International Labour Organization’s Global Employment Trends 2013
NSSO,2011
Indian Scenario
Source Missing
Violence against women in Public
spaces
Restricts a woman’s freedom of movement
Impacts a woman’s access to economic and social activities
• Cases of violence and harassment against women increasing
• Need to provide safer environment for women- including access to safe public transport
Women’s safety in Public Transport is important
Indian Scenario
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http://www.tehelka.com http://www.iamin.in http://himachalwatcher.com
CCTV Camera Ladies Buses GPS Tracking
Safety Appshttp://mylifemari8.blogspot.in
Reserved Seatshttp://himachalwatcher.com
How are these chosen?
Approach/ Framework
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DesigningSolutions
Analysis of
Issues
Approach- Issue Analysis
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1. Women’s Travel patterns are different from that of men
Case Study: Bhopal*
*Source: EMBARQ Pilot Project funded by DFID (UK Aid)
Trip
Purpose:
women spend less than men/month on
transport expenses.Transport
Expenditure:70%
Travel with
Dependent: < 16% >30%
60% 33%
20% 35%
Case Study: Bhopal
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Choice Parameter
Trip Chaining
< 40% 50%
35%
21%
49%
50%
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2. Public transport includes both formal and informal modes of transport
Approach- Issue Analysis
Case Study: Bhopal
Informal ModeFormal Mode
100,000
passengers/day120,000
passengers/day
95,000
passengers/day
Mini bus Tata MagicRegular Bus
Source: Bus Karo 2.0, 2015
CMP of Bhopal, 2012
Informal Mode
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3. A public transport trip has multiple segments
Approach- Issue Analysis
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Public Transport Journey
Approach- Issue Analysis
Case Study: Bhopal
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Name: LataAge : 30 YearsProfession : Domestic help and cookMode : Minibus
Case Study: Bhopal
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No street light & Footpath
Encroached Footpaths
Unsheltered Bus Stop
Conductors blocking the
doorway
OvercrowdingNo Reserved seats and
emergency numbers display
Unsheltered Stop
Access Trip Waiting at the Stop Boarding & Alighting
Aboard/on the busEgress Trip Boarding & Alighting
Approach- Designing Solutions
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1. Technological Solutions to be complemented by Human Centric Solutions
Women been harassed while
using public transport88%Women face harassment
on a regular basis40%
Level Of Harassment
in Public Transport
Case Study: Bhopal
Perception of Drivers &
Conductors
Drivers and Conductors
interviewed were of the opinion
that women harassment was
not a prevalent issue in Bhopal
Drivers & conductors believe
that women were equally
responsible for harassment
committed against them.
100%
30%
Case Study: Bhopal
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2. Holistic Solutions
Approach- Designing Solutions
Holistic Solutions
Source: Adapted from Bus Karo 2.0, 2015
Service Planning
& Operations
Enforcement/
Grievance system
Infrastructure &
Vehicles
Institutional
Capacity
Case Study: Bhopal
Source: Adopted from Bus Karo 2.0, 2015
Missing Street Lights
Lack of bus shelters
No access to Security
Lack of gender
sensitization training
Design of
bus stops Lack of Information
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3. Adaptive Solutions
Approach- Designing Solutions
• Adapt to changing Scenarios
• Feedback Mechanism- built in
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Adaptive Solutions
Case Study: Solutions for Bhopal
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Service Planning &
Operations Enforcement/
Grievance system
Infrastructure &
Vehicles
Institutional
Capacity
• Footpath Design standards
• Street Light standards
• Protocols for bus stop placement
• Provision of bus shelter
• Women Friendly bus stop design
• Manager security & Vigilance
• BCLL Women safety Committee
• Safe City Standing Committee
• Women Safety & gender sensitivity training
• Women Safety Campaign
• Protocols for Bus operations
• Operations training
• ITS Solutions
• Special Bus Pass for Women
• Stop on Request
• Women employees
• More Nirbhaya Vans
• Provision of Help Lines
• Common database of bus personnel
