contents recent situation of plant factory in china...2015/07/07 · structure optimizing , etc.)...

－ 46 －

Group 2：Greenhouse Engineering (Modeling, Structure optimizing , etc.)

Group 1: Plant factory technologies(Environment control, artificial lighting, qualitycontrol, hydroponics, etc.)

Center for Protected Agriculture & Environmental Engineering (CPAEE)

Group 1: Plant factory Technologies

Group 2: Greenhouse Engineering

Group 3: Energy-saving Technologies

Group 4: Greenhouse Climate control

Institute of Environment and Sustain-able Development in Agriculture (IEDA)農業環境と可持続発展研究所（中国農業科学院のか研究所の一つ）中日農業技術研究発展センター

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)

CAAS, located in Beijing,was established in 1957 andis affiliated to the Ministry ofAgriculture of China. Atpresent, CAAS has 40research institutes, and 1graduate school. About 9400technical professionals andover 4000 graduate students(M.S. and Ph.D.) working orstudying in the CAAS.

1. Brief introduction of CPAEE in Chinese Academy of Agricultural

Sciences(CAAS)

Contents

Facing challenges to plant factory

Ongoing research projects in China

Key technologies developed in China

Introduction of CAAS

Expansion functions of plant factory

Development of Plant Factory in China

Recent Situation of Plant Factory in China

Prof.& Dr. Qichang Yang

Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture (IEDA), CAAS

2014.07.07 [email protected]

－ 47 －

The need for high-tech agricultural demonstrationOver 6000 Agricultural Sci.& Tech. Demonstration Parks in China, like Shouguang, Changchun, Nanjing etc. Often combined with exhibitions and tourings.

Vegetable Expo in Shouguang,Shandong.The number of visitors in 2014 is up to 2.2 million. Plant factory is one of

the main attractive points in the exhibition.

2.1 Why do we need to develop plant factory in China ?

Plant factory with artificial light Plant factory with solar light

Regional Distribution of Plant Factory in China (2014)

Changchun,Jilin，200m2

Shenyang,Liaoning，30000m2

Shenyang,Liaoning，3000m2

Langfang,Hebei，2000m2

Yangling,Shanxi,2000m2

Erdos,Inner Mongolia，4000m2

Shanghai，18000m2

Shanghai 1000m2

Zhuhai,Guangdong，40m2

Tai’an,Shandong，15000m2

Nanjing,Jiangsu，3000m2

Nanjing,Jiangsu，300m2

Shouguang,Shandong，200m2

Beijing，total of five,3269m2

Tianjin，total of four,11300m2

Shenzhen,Guangdong，4000m2

Qian'an Tangshan,3000m2

Chengdu,Sichuan,1500m2

Wuxi,Jiangsu，10000m2

Gaoqing,Shandong，616m2

Changxing,Zhejiang, 880 m2

Zhejiang University, 800 m2

Haerbin,Heilongjiang,100m2

Xian,Shangxi,200m2

Erdos,Inner Mongolia,100m2

Dongguan,Guangdong，100m2Fuzhou,Fujian,250m2

Zhengzhou,Henan,200m2

Shunde,Guangdong，1000m2

Shunde,Guangdong，40000m2

Suzhou,Jiangsu，500m2

Development of plant factory in China

Up to 2014, there are about 108 plant factories in China.

PF with artificial light：about 41 plant factories,which are distributed in 13 cities or provinces

PF with solar light：about 67 plant factories,which are distributed in 15 cities or provinces

2.Development of Plant Factoryin China

Plan of the National Agricultural Science & Technology Demonstration Park (CAAS)

New Crops Varieties Hall

Fruit Vegetable Cultivation Hall

Preface Hall(Plant factory model)

Leafy Vegetable Factory Hall

Fruit Vegetable Factory Hall

Urban Horticulture Hall

Green Innovations Hall

Plant factory with artificial light, 800m2

National Agricultural Science & Technology Demonstration Park in CAAS,

Beijing, 4.2 ha

Group 4: Greenhouse Climate control(Digital measurement, climate controlbased on Internet)

Group 3： Energy-saving Technologies( Energy-saving lighting (LED) and Renewable energy (heat pump, solar power) in protected horticulture)

AHS AHS+HP

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4. Plant Factory in Chang Chun city, JininProvince, 2009

Built in September 2009, construction area of 200 m2, was composed of two parts: 1) vegetable factory; 2)seedling factory.

Lab of ry with LED lightPlant Factory Lab with LED light, 3nd experiment

system in China, 100m2, 2013, CAAS

3. Plant factory in CAAS, 2013

Plant Factory Lab with LED light, 2nd experiment system in China, 100m2, 2009, CAAS

2. Plant factory in CAAS, 2009Plant Factory Lab with artificial light, 1st experiment

system in China , 20m2, 2005, CAAS

1. Plant factory in CAAS, 2005

2.2 Development of plant factory with artificial light in China

--- In 2005, the first Laboratory of plant factory with artificial light was established in Beijing；

--- From 2006 to 2008, the key technologies of plant factory achieved breakthroughs；

--- In 2009, the first Laboratory of plant factory with LED light was established in Beijing；

--- In September 2009, the first commercialized plant factory with artificial light was established in Changchun city , Jinlin province；

--- In January 2010, the first family plant factory with artificial light was successfully developed in Shanghai city for Shanghai Expo 2010；

--- After 2010，the plant factory with artificial light was successively popularized and applied in Beijing, Nanjing ,Shandong ,Zhuhai and many cities；

--- In 2013， the large factories with LED light in China have been established in Beijing, Zhejiang and Shandong,etc.

The need for development of ubiquitous plant production in city (can be used in family, school, supermarkets, special places, etc)

Miniature plant factoryMiniature plant factory

The need for research (Uni., Inst., etc)

The plant factory established in Beijing AgriculturalMachinery Institute, total area of 1289m2, including plantfactories with artificial light and natural light, used forscientific research.

The need for high quality vegetable productionHigh-end consumer groups increasing quickly in

large cities (demands increasing for fresh, clean, pesticide-free vegetables）

.

Plant factory in Shunyi, Beijing

Plant factory in Shenyang, Liaoning province

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Cultivation Systems in Plant FactoryBuilt in 2009, covers an area of 200m2, using LED light source, hydroponic cultivation system, computer management.

6. Plant Factory in Shouguang city, Shandong province, 2009

Cultivation system

FL + LED

Interior

5. Plant Factory in Nanjing city, Jiangsu province, 2011

Built in May 2011,construction area of 300 m2, used FL and LED as artificial light source.

Seedling factory with LED light,40m2

Vegetable factory with FL,160m2

Cultivation Systems in Plant Factory

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--- In 1997，established two plant factories with solar light (the technology was introduced from Canada) in Beijing and Shenzhen；

--- In 1999，established a large plant factory,10000m2 ,with solar light in Beijing；--- In 2002， the first Laboratory of plant factory with solar light

was established in CAAS, Beijing ；

--- From 2003 to 2008 ，the key technologies were attacked;--- After 2008，the plant factory with solar light was successively

popularized and applied in Shenyang, Changchun, Tai-an, Langfang, Yangling,Beijing,etc.--- In 2013， the large factories with solar light in China have

been established in Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and Shandong,etc.

2.3 Development of plant factory with solar light in China

9. Plant factory used in spaceship developed by Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Inside view of the plant factory8. Plant Factory in Zhejiang University, 2013

Bird eye view of the plant factory, 1600 m2

(include PF with artificial light 880 m2)

Movable cultivation beds with LED light

Application of Solar Power System in plant factoryPlane layout of plant factoryConstruction area of 1289 m2, divided into four major

areas: tissue culture zone, seedling area, cultivation

area and packaging storage area.

植物工厂平面示意图

7. Plant Factory in Tongzhou District, Beijing, 2010

Plant factory in Shouguang used for exhibition

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Built In November 2009,the area is 4838.4m2 ,glass greenhouse, hydroponic cultivation system for leaf vegetable production.

5.Plant Factory with solar light in Taian city, Shandong provinceMulti-layer fruit vegetable cultivation

Pepper Tomato

Built in October 2009. the area is 45,000m2,vegetable production area 23040m2 and supporting facilities 10,000m2,including breeding, processing, packaging, refrigeration etc.

4.Plant Factory with solar light in Shenyang city, Liaoning provinceBuilt in 1999, covers an area of 10,000m2, greenhouse

environment control + hydroponics, supply celery and lettuce to high-end market, supermarket and touring.

3.Plant Factory in Jinxiudadi Company ,Beijing

Using hydroponic system

2. Plant Factory with solar light in Shunyi,BeijingBuilt in 1997，4000m2,Greenhouse + Hydroponic

system, Lettuce, for high-end market, supermarket, Macdonald,etc.

Online nutrient solution monitoring and computer control system

Multi-Function Technique(MFT) system made for Plant factory with solar light

Tomato with MFT Lettuce with MFT

1. Lab of plant factory with solar lightPlant Factory Lab with solar light was established in

CAAS, 300m2, in 2002, 1st experiment system for the research of plant factory with solar light in China.

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TreatmentsA：CK；B：F-LED30；C：M-LED30；D：M-LED10；E：F-LED10

Structure design

3.2 Energy saving for light by using movable LED system

Treatment Photosynthesis rate(μmol g m-2g s-1)

Transpiration rate(mol g m-2g s-1)

Stomatalconductance

(mol g m-2g s-1)

Intercellular CO2concentration

(μmol g mol-1)

LEDA1 7.63bc 2.11cd 0.078d 247.8d

LEDA2 7.88b 3.863a 0.165b 332.8a

LEDA3 7.30c 2.42bc 0.098d 294.8b

LEDB1 7.57bc 1.88d 0.053e 275.9c

LEDB2 8.44a 3.62a 0.188a 270.2c

LEDB3 6.45d 2.58b 0.137c 295.2b

CK 5.70e 2.52b 0.086d 306.8b

Photosynthetic characteristics of lettuce in different treatments

（Wenjing etc，2007）

Treatmentphotosynthetic photon flux density（RED）（μmol ·m-2·s-1）

photosynthetic photon flux density(Blue)（μmol ·m-2·s-1）

Total photosynthetic photon flux density（∑PPFD）（μmol

·m-2·s-1）

photosynthetic photon flux density

ratio（R/B）

LEDA1 132 22 154 6/1LEDA2 136 17 153 8/1LEDA3 140 14 154 10/1LEDB1 131 23 154 6/1LEDB2 136 17 153 8/1LEDB3 139 14 153 10/1

Light Quality Treatments

Parameter

LEDWave

Length(nm)

number of beads

（PCS/cm2）

photosynthetic photon flux density（μmol ·m-2· s-1）

Power conversion efficiency（%）

Light emitting

surface size（cm）

Weight（kg）

LEDARED 660 1.82 288 6.7

L54 h W28 15BLUE 450 0.20 29 13

LEDBRED 637 0.14 256 28

L54 h W28 10BLUE 460 0.11 42 18

Parameters of Light source for Vegetable Cultivation

Controllable LED on light Parameters (light quality, light intensity and light period) has

been developed in China

10 days

30 days 20 days

3.1 Parameter Optimization of LED Light for Vegetable Cultivation

Key technologies

In plant Factory

Digital Measurement and Control

LED Light Source

3DSoilless

Cultivation

Quality Control

Internet of Things（IOT）

Researches on the key technologies in plant factory with artificial light

3. Key technologies developed in China

－ 53 －

Reducing nitrate concentration with pre-harvest short-term continuous lighting

Nitrate content

Soluble sugar

Ascorbic acid

Problem with high nitrate level in vegetables

(Cassens, 1997)

Cancers and diseases High nitrate

Hemoglobin methemoglobin（carries oxygen）（stop carrying oxygen）

Nitrate

3.5 Quality control of vegetables

Nitrate Nitrate

75~80% 20~25%

3.4 Energy-saving using Solar energy power and LED in Plant factory

battery

Solar cell components

15

y = 0.04x + 0.21R² = 0.67

y = 0.04x + 0.37R² = 0.63

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

PFAL with AEPFAL without AE

y = 0.03x + 0.26R² = 0.68

y = 0.03x + 0.44R² = 0.62

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Elec

tric-

ener

gy c

onsu

mpt

ion

durin

g ph

otop

erio

d (k

Wh）

Elec

tric-

ener

gy c

onsu

mpt

ion

durin

g da

rk p

erio

d (k

Wh）

T (℃)

Hourly electric-energy consumption as

affected by outdoor air temperature(T)

Stages Ti ηE

Photoperiod 25℃ 24.6-63.0%

Dark period 15℃ 2.3-33.6%

Note: Ti - indoor temperature; ηE-electric-energy saving effect.

11

y=-0.94x + 15R² = 0.98

y=-0.18x + 8.4R² = 0.68

6

8

10

12

14

16

-1 0 1 2 3 4

Elec

tric-e

nerg

y us

e effi

cienc

y

T(℃)

ACAE

Indoor air temperature: 25℃

EUE AE AC

Highest 15.5 8.8

Average 14.2 8.2

Note: EUE-electric-energy use efficiency;

COP of air exchanger (AE) affected by outdoor air temperature is much higher than air

conditioner (AC)

3.3 Energy saving for cooling by introducing outside cold air

Outside cold air

Hot air

Plant factory

Outside cold air was introduced for cooling coordinated with air conditioner

TreatmentElectricity consumptionz

(kWh·m-2)

Plant yieldsy

(g·m-2)

LUEsx

(g·kWh-1)

M-LED10 61.2 625.9 f 9.23aw 10.2 f 0.15a

F-LED10 60.5 620.1 f 35.76a 10.2 f 0.59a

M-LED30 74.1 629.8 f 13.17a 8.5 f 0.18b

F-LED30 72 621.9 f 6.37a 8.6 f 0.09b

FL 105 438.7 f 15.76b 4.2 f 0.15c

Electricity consumption of lighting, plant yield and light use efficiencies (LUEs) of lighting (movable LED,

fixed-LED and FL )

－ 54 －

3.8 Digital measurement and control

Control system

Simulations

ModelData Acquisition System

Dynamic DatabaseDynamic DatabaseDynamic DatabaseDynamic DatabaseDynamic DatabaseDynamic DatabaseDynamic Databasecompare

27 Oct26 Oct 28 Oct 29 Oct 30 Oct 1 Nov 2 Nov

3 NovALLALLALL

Stress Detector # 17# 17 on Duty!Sh a n yRa y Tech n o l o g ies Lt d .

Number of days analyzed: 7Number of alarms: 4

DANGER!DANGER!

My Computer

LPS #14 LPS #17 LPS #26 LPS #99

Alarm Diary

9:00-12:00 Air VPD > 2 kPa

12:00-15:00 Leaf T > 34 C Air VPD > 4 kPa

15:00-16:00 Air VPD > 2 kPa Test # 1 negative

SSRR

Measured values

Control device of nutrient solution circulation system

Nutrient solution control system Disinfection device

Control system

3.7 Nutrient Solution Management and control system

Nutrient solution management system

The photocatalytic degradation efficiencies of all phytotoxic substances decreased gradually

during time change

(Qiu et el, 2013)

Time course of Concentration of TOC changes

3.6 Photocatalytic Degradation of Phytotoxic Substances in Waste Nutrient Solution by Nano-TiO2Nutrient Solution by Nano-TiO2

Reducing nitrate concentration by enriching selenium content in nutrient solution

Enrichment of selenite significantly decreasedNO3

- content in roots and leaves.

a

b

cd de e

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

roots

NO

3-conte

nt（

mg/

kg F

W） a

b

cd

e e

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

leave

s NO3-conte

nt（

mg/k

g FW）

CK 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 CK 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5

(Lei et el, 2014)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4

Nitrate contentNitrate (mgkg-1)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4

Soluble sugarSoluble sugar (mg g-1)

R/B ratio during pre-harvest continuous lighting treatment

Treatments R/B ratioPhoton flux density of red and

blue component (μmol·m-2·s-1)Red Blue

LED1 2 100 50LED2 4 120 30LED3 8 133 17LED4 -- 150 0

(Zhou et el, 2013)

－ 55 －

4.4 Plant Factory for Special purposeForage plant factory, planting corn seedlings or wheat straw

seedlings, output at least one ton of forage annual per square meter. Can be used in the overwintering of cattle and sheep in cold regions.

4.3 Mini Plant Factory Products

E-Garden

Angel-Garden

4.2 Plant Factory for Family

Automatic LED Temperature

control Nutrient,CO2,Light remote

Monitor Air Replacement Automatically

prompt function

4.1Low-carbon, intelligent, Plant Factory for Family，Shanghai Expo 2010

4. Expansion Functions of Plant Factory in China

Remote monitoring & control based on the Internet of Things（IOT) by using mobile phone, notebook computer through network transmission system.

Remote Monitoring Technology

Real time detecting the temperature, humidity, light, nutrient solution ( EC, pH, DO, liquid temperature ) of plant factory based on PLC intelligent monitoring.

Digital Measurement & Control

Computer Control System of Plant Factory

Development of Smart Plant Factory System for High Value-Added Natural Products Chu Won Nho Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Natural Products Research Institute Head of Center for Natural Products Convergence Research 679 Saimdang-Ro, Gangneung, KOREA. E-mail: [email protected]

A plant factory is one of indoor farming system for growing plants all year rounds to achieve constant products. The growth of plants can be affected by severeal environmental factors including light, temperature, moisture, nutrient, and carbon dioxide. Recently, a plant factory system is evolutionized for mass production of high value-added plants rather than commercial vegetables for making economic profits. Furthermoere, it is necessary for standardizing process of the plants grown in plant factory to produce ingredients of nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals using the high value-added plants, which meet the requirements of approval as a functional ingredient by KFDA.

The lecture introduces a KIST Plant Factory System for high value-added natural products, which consisted of optimizing cultivation maintaining constant amount or even increased of active compound, and a standardizing process of plant extracts as industrial ingredients for nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals. This new platform of plant factory system includes various convergent technologies such as ICT monitoring system, robotics, agricultural biotechnology, standardization of natural products, and biological testing methods.

Fig. KIST Smart Plant Factory System for high value-added natural products (plants)

－ 56 －

Thanks for your attention

Dr. Lingling Wei

Dr. Ruifeng Cheng

Weiii

Dr. Yi Zhang

Dr. Yuxin Tong

Dr. Wenke Liu

Kun Li

Hui Fang

Zhonghua Bian Min Xin

Ye Tian

Dr. Bo Lei

Jun Wang

Dr. Qichang Yang

Perspectives of plant factory in China

Priority developed areas: Agri.sci.& tech.park,

big city,like Beijing,Shanghai.

Utilization of special areas: family, building,

supermarket, school, restaurant (Ubiquitous plant

factory).

Vertical farming( Ongoing project in CAAS)

Facing Challenges of plant factory

High initial cost（construction & equipments)

High energy consumption( light, air conditioning)

Limited plant species(most of the plants is lettuce)

Benefit (lower competition comparing with other

vegetable production system, e.g. greenhouse

and field)

6. Facing Challenges of plant factory

4

Nutrient solution management andvegetable quality controltechnology research in plantFactory

Northwest A&F University , CAAS

5

Key technologies research ofintelligent system control based onthe network management in plantfactory

The National Engineering ResearchCenter for Information Technology inAgriculture,

6Integrated demonstration of solarlight plant factory Dushi Green Engineering Company,

Shanghai, Tongji Uni., SAAS

7Integrated demonstrationtechnology of artificial light plantfactory Zhejiang University , CAAS

Research projects of Plant Factory in China

1Energy-saving LED light source andlight environment intelligent controlin plant factory

Institute of Environment andSustainable Development inAgriculture, CAAS; IEDA Ltd

2Research on key technology andequipment of multilayer cultivationsystem in plant factory

Beijing Agriculture MachineryInstitute, China Agri. Uni.

3Energy-saving environmental controltechnology based on light andtemperature coupling in plant Factory

Tech. Top photoelectric technologycompany,Nanjing agricultural university

Research on intelligent plant factory production technology, national high sci.& tech. project (2013-2017; 46,000,000 ￥RMB) ,orgenized by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. 15 Uni.,Insti.,and Companies joined the project.Chief scientist: Qichang Yang (CAAS)

5.Ongoing research projects in China

Development of Smart Plant Factory System for High Value-Added Natural Products Chu Won Nho Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Natural Products Research Institute Head of Center for Natural Products Convergence Research 679 Saimdang-Ro, Gangneung, KOREA. E-mail: [email protected]

A plant factory is one of indoor farming system for growing plants all year rounds to achieve constant products. The growth of plants can be affected by severeal environmental factors including light, temperature, moisture, nutrient, and carbon dioxide. Recently, a plant factory system is evolutionized for mass production of high value-added plants rather than commercial vegetables for making economic profits. Furthermoere, it is necessary for standardizing process of the plants grown in plant factory to produce ingredients of nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals using the high value-added plants, which meet the requirements of approval as a functional ingredient by KFDA.

The lecture introduces a KIST Plant Factory System for high value-added natural products, which consisted of optimizing cultivation maintaining constant amount or even increased of active compound, and a standardizing process of plant extracts as industrial ingredients for nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals. This new platform of plant factory system includes various convergent technologies such as ICT monitoring system, robotics, agricultural biotechnology, standardization of natural products, and biological testing methods.

Fig. KIST Smart Plant Factory System for high value-added natural products (plants)

－ 57 －

－ 58 －

� Development of vertical farming system for vegetable production- Tray moving system

- Auto-transplanting system

- Harvesting robot system

Rural Development Administration (RDA)

PharmaceuticalsGreen Vaccine

Functional Foods

Cosme-ceuticals

Dietary Supplement

Short-term (~3 yr.) Mid-term (~5 yr.) Long-term (~8 yr.)

High value-added

Plant extracts, Essential oils

Food additives,Food preservatives

Approval of health claims by KFDA

Approval of pharmaceutical effects and safety by KFDA

Pre-clinical, clinical study needed

Identification of Bioactive Substances

Natural ProductsValidation of Bioactivity In vivo

Processing of Functional Materials

Screening of BioactivityMolecular Mechanism

• Commercialization of functional materials

• Publication on TOP journals from functional study

Administration Team

Center for Natural Products Convergence Research

BiomodulationTeam

Aging Intervention

Research Team

Natural Skinomics

Team

KIST GangneungNatural Products Research Institute

Director General

Small Enterprise Support Center

2. Plant Factory Tech in Korea2

3. KIST Open Research Program (ORP)3

4. High Value-added Type Plant Factory4

5. Expected Outcome 5

1. Natural Products Research

November 7, 2014Korea Institute of Science and Technology

Natural Products Research InstituteChu Won Nho

－ 59 －

• Cultivation of functional plant• Maximizing of bioactive substance• Development of LED module • Development of monitoring system • Convenient & automated plant factory

Development of

Smart Plant Factory System

• Standardization of bioactive substances

• In vitro/in vivo bioactivity tests• Molecular farming• Chemical profiling • Extraction and processing

Production of Standardized High Value-added Natural Products

Commercialization of Natural Products Produced from

Plant Factory

• Functional Foods• Dietary Supplements• Pharmaceuticals• Cosmeceuticals

Platform for producing high

value-added natural products

Functional plant

Commerciali-zation

Project Director (KIST)Advisory Committee

RDA, Gauzen

Production of standardized high value-added natural products

Development of system for green vaccine

production

Development of smart plant factory system

Cooperative Project I

(KIST)

Cooperative Project III

(RIST)

Cooperative Project II

(SNU)

KIST SMART u-FARM

KISTKRIBBHanyang U.

Pulmuone Inc.Dongrim Food Inc.

Royal Nature Inc.Insung Tech Inc.

GSIF

Seoul National U.Chungnam National U.Chungbuk National U.KANC

RISTBioab Inc.

Principal Investigator

Korea Institute of Science and Technology (6 centers involved)

2 Government-funded research institutes4 Universities7 Industries

2014.7.1~2017.6.30 (3 years)2.5 billion dollars/yr (total 7.5 billion dollars)

Development of a platform producing high value-added natural products for commercialization

based on smart plant factory system

Research fund & period

Institutes involved

Overcoming limits of productionin fields

Rate-limiting Step

Industry

Plant cultivating system

Monitoring system

Environmental control system

Light system

Korea US Japan Europe PCT

5 8

21 23 2632 35

2332

40 39 38

51 53 56

39

6773 75 73

108

145142

158

54

9

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014

years

Num

ber of Patents

44

9

Patents unopened� Development of vertical plant factory system- Operation and management of plant factory using LED - Development of total environmental control SW platform

- Decrease of heavy metal & nitrate in vegetables- Production of ginseng in plant factory- Breeding vegetable cultivars optimized in plant factory- Development of optimum medium composition for hydroponic culture of

vegetables

� Development of cultivation and production technology for high-quality and high-value crop products

The development of plant factory in Taiwan Yi-Chueh Lin* Industrial Technology Research Institute Senior Researcher of Commercialization and Industry Service Center Rm 605, 106, Sec. 2, Heping E. Rd., Taipei, 10622, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail: [email protected]

The development of plant factory in Taiwan is based on hericulture. More and more plant facotry players are from IT industury. The plant factory in Taiwan is defined to sunlight type, both of artificial and Sunlight (green house), and artificial light. The sunlight type and both of artificial and sunlight type are most used to plant the flowers. Orchid is most important plant which growth in green house in Taiwan and takes 170 million USD in trade. The artificial light type of plant factory is in the initial stage. Many players in artificial light plant factory are the new bussiness part in the listed companies which are the IT technical ones. The research about the plant factory from the institute is focused on the material of gren house and the enviroment controller system. We call it as “the subtropical smart greenhouse engineering expert system” and the initial target of this system is for subtropical greenhouse. Cooling down and save the energy are the main task in this system. Hence, the technologies of the plant factory are diversity and some of them are going to comercialize in Taiwan.

－ 60 －

Planning Team for ORP Project (KIST NPRI)

• Dr. Jeong-Ik Sohn (SNU)• Dr. Jong-Seok Park (CNU)• Dr. Jaeheon Kim (KIST)• Dr. Kihoon Kim (KIST)• Dr. Taek Sung Lee (KIST)

Director GeneralDr. Sang-Rok Oh

Senior ResearcherDr. Hyung-Seok Kim

Senior ResearcherDr. Sangmin Kim

Collaborators

Monitoring Tech

High Value-Added Bio Industry

Environment Integrated

Control

LED Tech

Robot Automated

Tech

HighValue-added

Seed Industry

High Effect, Low Cost

Plant FactoryEquipment

Industry

Smart U-FARM will be operated by circulation of companies for production of high value-added natural products

New functional

plant

Bulk Production System based on plant factory

ICT Smart Management System

Standardization & Processing of

Natural ProductsValue Propositions

Enhancing Profitability of Industry

ImprovingEmployment

of ICT+BT

Key Resources

Cost Structure

Customer Segment

C t SSt t

Government, Industry funding

Return Values

Facilitating Global Market

Approach

Crepidiastrumdenticulatum

Plant Factory for Standardized

Cultivation

Standardizing Process of

Functional Material

Dietary supplement for enhancing liver

function

Light Temp.Humidity

Nutrient Standardization

Extraction Efficacy

LED 24~27C60-70%

Medium

Optimization of plant growth and increase of chicoric acid

Optimized C. denticulatum

Safety Test, Clinical

Test

tion o

Chicoricacid

70% EtOH95 C

In vivo Efficacy

• ICT Monitoring System(Sensor, Imaging, Controller)

• Cultivation System Based On Robotics

(Convenience on Management)

KFDA

Cosmeceuticalsfor anti-aging of

skin

Classification Biological activitiesFamily : LiliaceaeBotanical name

- Youngia denticulata

- Crepidiastrum denticulatum

Anti-inflammation

Chemoprevention

Hepatoprotection

Anti-oxidation

• Inside KIST NPRI• Floor space 479.3 m2

• 3 test beds, 2 res labs, meeting room, office etc.

• Incubation of small companies for commercializing own promising natural products

• Green house on the rooftop for molecular farming research

On-Site Test Bed Systemfor production of

standardized high value-added natural products

The development of plant factory in Taiwan Yi-Chueh Lin* Industrial Technology Research Institute Senior Researcher of Commercialization and Industry Service Center Rm 605, 106, Sec. 2, Heping E. Rd., Taipei, 10622, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail: [email protected]

The development of plant factory in Taiwan is based on hericulture. More and more plant facotry players are from IT industury. The plant factory in Taiwan is defined to sunlight type, both of artificial and Sunlight (green house), and artificial light. The sunlight type and both of artificial and sunlight type are most used to plant the flowers. Orchid is most important plant which growth in green house in Taiwan and takes 170 million USD in trade. The artificial light type of plant factory is in the initial stage. Many players in artificial light plant factory are the new bussiness part in the listed companies which are the IT technical ones. The research about the plant factory from the institute is focused on the material of gren house and the enviroment controller system. We call it as “the subtropical smart greenhouse engineering expert system” and the initial target of this system is for subtropical greenhouse. Cooling down and save the energy are the main task in this system. Hence, the technologies of the plant factory are diversity and some of them are going to comercialize in Taiwan.

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Copyright 2013 ITRI 工業技術研究院

TPFIDA版權所有不得轉載

8

Dr.Egon Janssen荷蘭TNO

古賀充基董事長太平總研株式會社

中国科学院佟峰副总经理現場報到桌實況

Copyright 2013 ITRI 工業技術研究院 7

主席致詞-工研院材化所

日本-玉川大學-渡邊博之教授演講

屏東科技大學-陳光堯教授演講

工研院-產服中心林意雀博士演講



6Copyright 2013 ITRI 工業技術研究院

TPFIDA MembersCompany names

Plant factory set up planning and consulting and material equipment

台灣日輕、旺永水栽培、振宇農業、賽門科技、中國砂輪、晶元光電、太平洋建設、連展科技、神達電腦股份有限公司、德能科研股份有限公司、大同股份有限公司

LED relations 中華映管、詮興開發、佰鴻工業

Research institute 工研院材化所、工研院量測中心、工研院綠能所、工研院機械所、工研院技轉中心、工研院雲端中心、工研院生醫所、工研院資通所、工研院產服中心、金屬中心、台大農學院、屏科大工學院

Materials, machineequipment and others

元璋玻璃、台達電子、光電協進會、崇越科技、台灣神商、藍海、金頓科技、台灣鑫兆、台灣雅聞、先端農業科技

Environment control 嘉祿工業、沛承節能科技有限公司

Media materials 台灣肥料、綠生生物科技

Automatics 研華、廣運機械、三橋科技

Check equipment 帆宣科技、澳登堡、町洋企業

personal 陳吉宗、陳禮銘、陳文彬、郭咸侊、黃棟樑、陳塗金、金文中、鄭金龍、謝志均、顏永泰、蔡政勳、曾科迪、李建忠、徐秀美、楊雅斐、余宗勳、陳啟彰

Total:46 group members、17personalUpdate:103/04/11


4

Taiwan Plant Factory Industry Development Association


Type of Plant factorySunlight utilized

Lighting support(high pressure sodium light) glass

Fans

Air conditionHydroponic facilities (single)

Air shower

Air shower

Air condition

Hydroponic facilities (multilayer)

Two type of plant factory. Up is sunlight utilized type (green house), down is artificial light type.

Artificial light

Controlled

cultivation

(green house)

Factory size

Unit size


Definition of Plant factory in Taiwan

Sunlight green house (seasonal) Sunlight and artificial light Plant factory(year-around)

Artificial light plant factory(year-around)

Plant factory is the place that can be controlled for cultivation and allow year-around of production of plants by planning.

Production of plant should be: ･ The growth environment could be controlled･ Decrease the stress of plant growth

ex: lighting controlling, the temperature controlling, the special nutrients and so on. These facilities are called “Plant Factory”


1

The development of plant factory in Taiwan

Yi-Chueh Lin

Commercialization and Industry Service Center

Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI)

2014/11/07

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The system of subtropical smart greenhouse leads the development of greenhouse engineering industry

Temperature controller

transportation logisticsMarketing information

Information timely Plant growth of Investigate

Lighting support

Smart greenhouse expert system

Sensor of plant physiological

Micro climate investigateinvestigate

Water solution/irrigationsystem

Planting media

Vision of 『Smart Greenhouse engineering technology


15

The research of pant factory in ITRISmart Greenhouse engineering

Copyright 2013 ITRI 工業技術研究院 14Copyright 2013 ITRI 工業技術研究院 13


Royal Base Corporation

12

Main product: Phalaenopsis (2008-2012 Hortifair)New business from Inventec owner’s investment

1. Harvest all the year2. Stable ship weekly3. High Quality4. Delivery on time5. 1.4 M set in 2014


NICE GREEN KITCHEN



10

Plant Factory Area



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High throughput strawberry system

24

Main advantage：• Higher output (3x outputs than normal)• Better sunlight utilization• Easily maintain• Low cost (cheaper materials, less power usage)

Core technology：• Cooling tube embedded planting container • A-shaped support bracket• Self-watering system


Saving energy technology-micro climate technology

Saving 60% electric power

Using the CFD function simulates the greenhouse micro climate

Micro-climate Layer air condition

冷空氣

Hot air


Saving energy technology-Thermal barrier

NIR glass (inflection):Transmittance 75% ，IR rejection=78% 。

NIR阻隔膜(absorb):Transmittance 80% ，IR rejection=69%。

* Over 20 patents about the material and structure

Comparing with Sekisui and PEP NIR, the products of ITRI could lower temperature to 7-8℃

ITRI NIR 阻隔膜(20120815定植~20120901)

葉面積較大且無葉燒狀況

PEP NIR 阻隔膜(20120815定植~20120901) 葉面積較小且有葉燒狀況

(1)(2)

(3)

(4)(5)

Tvis(%) Rir(%) Tvis+Rir(1)PEP-HR 87 15 102(2)Sekisui 83 26 109(3)AGC- IRC78 75 49 124(4)ITRI+NIR cut PE 80 69 149(5)ITRI-NIR cut Glass 75 78 153

AGC GRAGC ClearPE FilmPEP-HRAGC IRC85 AGC IRC78Sekisui NIR reflection filmITRI-NIR cut PEITRI-NIR cut PETITRI-NIR cut glass


Sterilization technology-Nano bubble Ozone water

Verify the form of nano bubble with steam

Verify the nano bubble forming, using (3x3=9hole) 80μm hole, investigate DLS in 120℃ steam and form <100nm bubble.

Equipment of nano bubble form

Module design

ITRI O3 microbubble water is effective to the strawberry anthrax The sterilization is good with the concentration of O3

Type2→Type3Narrow reaction zone 35mm →31mm(D)

Concentration of Ozone 430mg/hr →534mg/hr

，

2012.09.06 the experiment of sterilization in Agriculture research and extention station

ITRI Micro -O3 bubble 裝置

草莓炭疽菌液

(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ) 0 50 100 150 200 250 3000.0

5.0x10 3

1.0x10 4

1.5x10 4

2.0x10 4

2.5x10 4

Time(s)

C.KOzone Reactor1Ozone Reactor2

對照組

EUV -O3 reactor Type 3

(x10 4)2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Cfu

/mL

71%

84%

EUV -O3 reactor Type 2

殺菌實驗


air humidity

- PAR

- plant temperature

- EC- pH

- water dosage

CO2/ H2O

Monitor of Plant physiology and environment

Analysis of functional elements

Mist culture

Light quality and stress technology

- air temperature- air humidity

- PAR

- plant temperature

- EC- pH

- water dosage

CO2/ H2OSeeding breeding technology

Control technology of the growth of Medical herbSet up the seeding breeding technology, the plant mist culture technology and the analysis of the functional element. By planting the Salvia, improve the control technology of plant growth and supply the advance greenhouse module of the mist root culture and expert system, These are the core technologies for the whole factory planning.


Subtropical smart greenhouse engineering expert system

Using the advanced monitor technology (ex: plant physiology) and the plant expert system and greenhouse saving energy designed find the optimum growth technology control to increase the volume, quality, and value of plants.

Monitor & control

1. Gases

monitor & optimize

2. Light

(N, P, K, Mg… )

4. Water & Nutrients

Cooling & heating

3.Temperature

Expert system

19


Gap of the smart greenhouse technology

Not Enough

Crops Suitable Growth EnvironmentTemperature

Light Intensity/ QualityWater, Nutrients, Atmosphere

Too Much

Frigid/ Temperate ZoneEU, North American, Japan, Korea, China

• Transparent Covering Materials• Heating System• Sustainable energy

Subtropical/ Tropical ZoneTaiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia

• Thermal/ Shading Screen• Roof Vents/ Exhaust Fans• Evaporative cooling pads

Experiences in Developed Countries X Subtropical/Tropical Zone


Needs and problem in the development of subtropical greenhouse

The problem of the subtropical greenhouse has not solute

The general plant grown between0℃~40℃, but the optimum growth range is 15-25℃

Source:

Subtropical

Latitude 23.5~40

Temperate and/or frigid zone: barrier under 15℃; Netherland, Japan: keep temperature, heating and filling light

Subtropical/tropical zone: Barrier over 25℃; Taiwan: Air condition, ventilation, Lower the temperature

Temperate and/or frigid zone Greenhouse has developed over 60years

1.The subtropical greenhouse technology is immature.

2.The environment controlling is not good enough defacing the Pests and disease, the pesticide is necessary.

3.The high cost of greenhouse system4.Too hot to grow around the year, especially in

summer

Latitude 23.5~40

Temperate and/or frigid zone

Needs of Taiwanese greenhouseindustry development

Taiwan is here !

1.Set up the ICT system to save energy, water and pest controlling with the integrate greenhouse technology

2.Develop the greenhouse technology to plant the high value or functional plants

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Combine the innovate industrial technologies and the agriculture knowledge

Social benefit→Stable price-healthy and fresh agricultural products

Industry benefitDemonstration: the innovation technological verify platformAgricultural module/system industrial cluster

Outlook


ITRI demonstration greenhousepurpose: verify the technology and show the research results

Middle campus showroom greenhouseChung-shin campus Demonstration greenhouse 2012/07/16 start

Initial of 2014 greenhouse enableOct 2014 completion

2012/11/14 startFeb 2013 completion

Exterior Inside


Promote the international cooperation Considerate the development of Taiwanese greenhouse engineering industry,

we cooperate with the advanced countries (ex: Netherland and Japan)

International cooperation planning

Strategy

-Import the advanced technologies with the cooperation and improve the develop the domestic industry

-create the new market with cooperation

Strategy alliance

TATPlant

environment engineering

University of Chiba

Greenhouse technology

ITRI

ITRI

High quality cultureLED

Taiwan plant factory

association

Japan plant factory

association

Information/distribution/ membership

ITRI

Subtropical greenhouse technology

NetherlandWageningen UR

Lower temperatureITRI

Plant factory/greenhouse

saving energy

ITRIDesert greenhouse (KISR)

Solar cell windowGreenhouse consulting

Osakafu-universityMicro-NIR ITRI Sweetness test of

strawberry

COA project


25

ITRI

• Seed• Culture technology• Module verification

Agriculture instituteAgriculture institute(TARI) academic

• Plant physiology• Plant databank• Analysis of function elements• Media system

International cooperation

• Greenhouse technology• Monitor technology and

environment management• Market information• Filed test• Standard set

Taiwan plant factory industrial development

association(TPFIDA)

Marketing

Strategy in the greenhouse engineering research

Greenhouse engineering industrymodule, system, service

Set the technological develop and industry promote committee

Initial market target : subtropical greenhouse

• Develop the differential module and integrate system

25

Circadian clocks in plants

Alex WEBB University of Cambridge Chair of Cell Signalling Department of Plant Sciences, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA UNITED KINGDOM. E-mail: [email protected]

The rotation of the Earth causes daily cycles of light and dark and heat and cold. The intensity and duration of these cycles differ depending on latitude and the season. The plants we use as crops have often been selected from different regions of the Earth and are adapted to particular day lengths and temperature regimes. The biological adaptation to these 24 hour cycles of light and dark and warm and cold is the circadian clock. The internal circadian clock is a 24 hour timing device comprised of self-regulating loops of genes. In recent years it has been discovered that the circadian clock controls plant growth and development, flowering, responses to environmental stress and pathogens. Optimal growth in environmentally controlled growth rooms requires an understanding of the circadian system to ensure that the timing of light and temperature cycles is optimum for yield and quality. A detailed understanding of the circadian system might in the future provide opportunities to develop new plant varieties that are more suited to growth room conditions, and specifically are optimised to reduce energy inputs.

In this lecture I will describe the circadian system of plants. I will present data demonstrating that the circadian clock regulates, growth, photosynthesis, sugar production and stress responses. I will discuss the complex interplay between light and circadian timing in the regulation of plant growth.

Figure 1 Circadian clocks in plants are made up of interlocking feedbacks of genes regulating each other. The clock is responsive to the day night cycle and regulates photosynthesis, sugar metabolism and growth. In turn the clock is regulated by sugars (Haydon et al Nature 2013).

Circadian clocks in plants

Alex WEBB University of Cambridge Chair of Cell Signalling Department of Plant Sciences, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA UNITED KINGDOM. E-mail: [email protected]

The rotation of the Earth causes daily cycles of light and dark and heat and cold. The intensity and duration of these cycles differ depending on latitude and the season. The plants we use as crops have often been selected from different regions of the Earth and are adapted to particular day lengths and temperature regimes. The biological adaptation to these 24 hour cycles of light and dark and warm and cold is the circadian clock. The internal circadian clock is a 24 hour timing device comprised of self-regulating loops of genes. In recent years it has been discovered that the circadian clock controls plant growth and development, flowering, responses to environmental stress and pathogens. Optimal growth in environmentally controlled growth rooms requires an understanding of the circadian system to ensure that the timing of light and temperature cycles is optimum for yield and quality. A detailed understanding of the circadian system might in the future provide opportunities to develop new plant varieties that are more suited to growth room conditions, and specifically are optimised to reduce energy inputs.

In this lecture I will describe the circadian system of plants. I will present data demonstrating that the circadian clock regulates, growth, photosynthesis, sugar production and stress responses. I will discuss the complex interplay between light and circadian timing in the regulation of plant growth.

Figure 1 Circadian clocks in plants are made up of interlocking feedbacks of genes regulating each other. The clock is responsive to the day night cycle and regulates photosynthesis, sugar metabolism and growth. In turn the clock is regulated by sugars (Haydon et al Nature 2013).

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contents recent situation of plant factory in china...2015/07/07 · structure optimizing , etc.)...

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