Proposal stories from IPCTE University Lucian Blaga Sibiu

Second Transnational Workshop Sofia, September 2008

Contributors: S.A. Luca , Cosmin Suciu, Florian Dumitrescu, Dragoş Diaconescu, Natea Gheorghe, Claudiu Munteanu

How a neolithic house is build up

Ex. 1. At Parţa houses’ excavations reveals foundations constructed from a series of holes in which pillars are inserted to support the basic structure of the houses. This was the most frequent system used to build houses

At some structures, there were observed massive pillars, but at others there were observed even small poles

Related routes: The river (settlemets near by the river), The religious places (Parta sanctuary from Timisoara), Fashions (cloths, jewelry. arts), Cultic objects, tools furniture, places (neo-eneolithic statues like Orastie or The Thinker, or the stories about Miercurea settlement), Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, diet (all neo/eneolithic axes, flint and obsidian blades used for sickles), analogies with First houses models, How will build up a exhibition (Brukenthal replica of Vinča house from room 2)

We know this is how the wooden supporting structures of the walls were constructed from the excavated ‘fired’ clay leaving an imprint of the wooden structure. When the structure burns, the clay changes its firmness, it becomes very hard and it keeps maintaining the marks of the rods and the pillars

There are added beams on the structure. The structure must be rigid, so osier, lime tree crust or bark, twisted rye, and animal bowel were used to tie the beams, rods and poles together. The wooden structure of the roof is then made. The roof is covered with dry hay sheaf, straw, bulrush or cane . Afterwards, a mixture of clay, straws and water is added (Figure 2. g) to finish the walls. In an archaeological experiment for an Eneolithic house (a house of 7x4 m), there were used for the wooden structure of the house 2 oak trees, 33 lime trees and 245 hazel nut rods. The four walls needed 15 tonnes of clay and 3080 litres of waterhttp://arts.iasi.roedu.net/cucuteni/arheo/casa/.

How a neolithic house is build up

http://arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro/santiere/parta/sanctuar%201/sanctuar%201%20model.wmv

For virtual reconstruction using 3DStudio Max

The end product is a house perfect isolated against cold and ideal for living and warehouse.

In Neolithic houses were found symbols of fecundity and fertility with magical and religious implications.

At Miercurea Sibiului-Petriş some complexes reveal Boss Primigenius horns, some of them above the entrance.

Story 2. Brukenthal exhibition replica storie – how was buid, links to related story and to the same routes like previosly (can be linked to pottery from partners from the same period)

Story no. 3 –Neolithic statues.

Links: The religious places (Parta sanctuary from Timisoara and other), Fashions (cloths, jewelry. arts), Cultic objects, tools furniture, places (neo-eneolithic statues like Orastie or The Thinker, or the stories about Miercurea settlement),Stories 1,2

A House is having Cultic places like surprised in house replica from exhibition in Brukenthal Vinča house were statues were displayed for worship purposes.

Marco articles about it.

Almost each house have a grinding mill system.

Emmer or barley seeds were put on the stone base and grinded.

Moving a rounded stone to crush the seeds and to have the flour (whole meal) for flate bread.

Story no. 4 – grinding process

Route links - The river , Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, dietHow will build up a exhibition, story 1 and 2

Story no. 5 – building up a fireplace and a oven

Links> Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, dietHow will build up a exhibition

http://arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro/santiere/parta/cuptor/cuptor1.htm

There are more types of ovens with analogies after the form and the construction’s system. Some ovens have at their entrance, a hole for ashes and some of them developed starting from the hearth on which a cap was constructed. So there remained a space for the household use. The cap is built on a pole structure.The ovens have different variants: with the hearth in front and without hearth.

Miercurea site fire place

Rousse oven model

Fire place

Base -clay Fire place – clay, stones, strow

Dome – clay, stones, sometime wood poles. (reconstruction Brukenthal Museum)

Both are used for temperature control and for food preparation. Can be linked with the flour grinding story and how can be done a flat bead (grain or barley)

When and how pottery was made

Story no. 6 – Modelling Neolithic clothsLinks Fashions (cloths, jewelry. arts),

-Orăştie statue

How will build up a exhibition

Pentru realizarea materialelor textile se folosea războiul de ţesut vertical.

Firele erau tensionate cu ajutorul unor greutăţi din lut.

Materialul textil se trecea printre firele tensionate. Se foloseau ca materie prime: lâna oilor, inul sau firul de cânepă.

Îmbrăcămintea a fost realizată după o statuetă petreşteană ca şi model, iar pentru culoare s-a folosit un material ceramic asemănător.

Tilişca map

Story no. 7 – The Dacian fortress from Tilisca

Cetatea dacică se află situată în imediata vecinătate a satului Tilişca. Zona este astăzi împădurită şi greu accesibilă.

How dacian houses were built.

Pentru acoperiş foloseau sistemul cu şiţă de lemn.

Interiorul era funcţioanal.

Metalurgy and tools

Warehouses, storage story in dacian time

House-defence towers

Turnul-locuinţă nu s-a păstrat în totalitate pe înălţime şi trebuie să remarcăm că, din punct de vedere estetic, zidul interior nu se poate compara cu cel exterior.

Între cele două paramente de piatră fasonată umplutura (emplecton) constă din piatră de stâncă amestecată cu pământ de culoare galbenă, lutos, cu nisip în compoziţie; deasupra emplectonului zidul continuă în elevaţia din cărămidă, după ce în prealabil s-a amenajat un strat nivelator de 4-5 cm. de pământ galben nears. Grosimea zidului de cărămidă se găseşte deasupra întregului emplecton. Între cărămizi s-a folosit ca liant pastă de lut. Pe latura de sud, în câteva locuri, se mai pot distinge dimensiunile cărămizilor: 48 cm. lungime şi 8,5 cm. lăţime.

Conform specialiştilor, turnul se înălţa pe două niveluri, despărţite de un plafon/podea din lemn masiv (grinzi şi scânduri de 8-10 cm grosime), avea acoperiş din lemn (probabil acoperit cu şindrilă de brad), iar fragmentele de chirpic, puţin numeroase, demonstrează că scheletul acoperişului era fixat direct pe zidul de cărămidă.

Clothes and weapons

Roman Dacia

Imperiul Roman

Story no. 8 – A roman villa rustica axed on vine producing

Map of Roman Dacia

Presentation of villa rustica from Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare

Story about excavations Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare

Planul original al locuinţei – villa rustica de la Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare.

Reconstruction in museum and role of annexes

Planul original al anexei –villa rustica de la Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare.

How we made the reconstruction

Sacred spaces

În spatele locuinţei sunt depozitate materiale de construcţie, pregătite pentru ridicarea unui alt corp de clădire. Sunt expuse cărămizi de diferite dimensiuni, unele prezentând ştampilă de producător, ţigle, elemente de pavaj şi de tubulatură pentru aducţiunea apei.

Story no. 8 – Germisara, roman bath

http://www.archweb.cimec.ro/scripts/arh/cronica/detail.asp?k=1611

Votive plaques dedicated to Nymphae, sacred places,

Story no. 8 – tools development

CulturaVinča -fazele A2-B3 în TransilvaniaCulturaVinča -fazele A2-B3 în

Transilvania

Structură de lemn sau os.

Lame de obsidiană sau silex.

Secera neolitică

Trade in neolithic obsidian, pottery and salts.

CulturaVinča -fazele A2-B3 în Transilvania

Story no. 9– altars