control metabolism metabolic reactions can be controlled and sped up by enzymes metabolic...
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Control METABOLISM Metabolic reactions can be
controlled and sped up by enzymes metabolic reactions would be
too slow to occur if no enzymes were present!
End in “ase”
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Properties of Enzymes1.Proteins2.Catalysts3.Reusable 4.Substrate
specific5.Sensitive to
temperature6.Sensitive to
pH
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Enzymes Remain Unchanged! Enzymes are not
used up; Reaction ends when there is NO MORE SUBSTRATE!!
Synthesis or Decomposition reactions
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substrate
enzyme
active site
substrate
Mechanism of Enzyme ActionMechanism of Enzyme Action• Each enzyme has an ACTIVE SITE!!• Active site is the place where the
substrate binds with the enzyme
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enzyme
Action of Enzyme in Action of Enzyme in SynthesisSynthesis
substrate
substrate
enzyme-substrate complex
Product and
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enzyme
Action of Enzyme in Action of Enzyme in DecompositionDecomposition
substrate
enzyme-substrate complex
product
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Lock and Key Hypothesis
Enzyme
Substrate
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Lock and Key Hypothesis
SHAPES
DON’T
MATCH
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Lock & Key Model ONE enzyme for every substrate
Unique fit
Enzyme
Substrate
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Enzymes are Temperature Dependent…...
Most work BEST at body temperature
37oC DENATURE at high
temperatures
Inactive at LOW temperature
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Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity
Optimum pH : the pH value at which the enzyme has the highest activity (fastest rate of reaction)
--Different enzymes may have different optimum pH’sDifferent enzymes may have different optimum pH’s
-If pH is higher or lower than optimum pH, -If pH is higher or lower than optimum pH, denaturation happens; enzyme becomes ineffective.denaturation happens; enzyme becomes ineffective.
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What pH does pepsin work best?
What pH does pancreatic lipase work?
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Enzyme Lab Enzyme: catalase Source: liver, potato,
apple etc Substate:H2O2(Hydrogen
Peroxide)
Hydrogen peroxide is toxic in cells
2H2O2 +catalase 2 H2O + O2