crop production reflections
DESCRIPTION
Crop production reflections. Bob Martin. HIGH FIVE! We can exceed Cambodia’s estimated potential yields and we have reached 80% of theoretical maximum yields. Yield gaps. Identifying production constraints at farm level?. Biological constraints Crop species and variety - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Crop production reflections
Bob Martin
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Maize Peanut Soybean Mungbean
To
nn
es p
er h
aTheoretical maximum yield
Our best yields
Cambodia estimated potential
Cambodia actual
HIGH FIVE! We can exceed Cambodia’s estimated potential yields and we have reached 80% of theoretical maximum yields
Yield gaps
Identifying production constraints at farm level?
Production team
Socio Economics, Marketing, Value-Chain
Biological constraints- Crop species and variety- Weeds, diseases, insect pestsPhysical/chemical
constraints- soil/water problems- Soil fertilitySocio-economic constraints- Costs & returns, credit- Traditions & attitudes- Knowledge- Input availability & cost- Labour availability & cost- Institutions
Village clusters 2009 Samlaut
Boeung Run Kampong Touk Kantout Sre Reach
Pailin Baysey Bor Tangsu Ou Ro El Prey Santeah
Clusters in SamlautKampong Touk
Boeung Run
Kantout
Sre Reach
Clusters in Pailin
Implications of increasing labour costs for small holder farmers
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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
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Farmers will need to increase yields and/or reduce input costs
Projected effect of labour cost on maize gross margins at $100/t
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2008 2009 2010 2011
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4 t/ha
5 t/ha
6 t/ha
7 t/ha
8 t/ha
Options available? Reducing dependence on labour – S&E
implications? Mechanisation – most ploughing and
sowing in Pailin is already by tractor – next step machine harvesting?
Increased yields – weed and pest control, seed quality, fertiliser, legume rotations?
Improve access to crop inputs – up the value chain?
Local value-adding?
We now have excellent data to test the theories – so it is down to serious business from here on in the project
Integration
Integration
Integration