1. Lighter, smaller, safer, cheaper! J. Raymond SmithThis work was performed under the auspices of theU.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLCLLNL Hydrogen powered Prius 650 mile range!

2. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 2 3. Renewable hydrogen has no toxic orgreenhouse gas emissions Fuel cells using hydrogen achieve greaterthan 50% efficiency Cost per mile will be comparable to gasoline Hydrogen has more energy per pound thanany other fuelLawrence Livermore National Laboratory3 4. Hydrogen at low temperature and high pressure reduces weight,volume and cost of storage Prototypes have passed Department of Transportation andInternational Organization for Standardization (ISO) tests (fire &bullet)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory4Environmental test-40F 120FBullet test 5. The amount of gas and hence pressure in the tank depends onduration of non-use (time parked). No hydrogen loss until after 10days of parking. Vented gas can be catalytically reacted to waterwithout hazard.Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory5Phase Pressure TemperatureLiquid 15 psi 20 K (-455 F)Liquid+gas < 5000 psi < ambientGas 5,000 psi ambient 6. (Certified forNatural Gas use)Holds 7.0 kg of H2(about 7 gallons ofgasolineequivalent energy)About 40 gallon external volume tank will cost about $2,800Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 6 7. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7 8. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Lowest ownership cost: Cryogenicvessels use 2- 4x less carbon fiber thanhigh pressure gaseous H2 tanks. Rapid refueling at high density: 5minute high density refueling (74 -90g/L) possible with LH2 pump Safe: Low expansion energy, steeljacket provides secondary protection,low on-road operating pressure, fewerpressure cycles due to longer drivingrange LLNL vehicle drove 650 miles on oneliquid 10 kilogram H2 fill8 9. Automobiles BMW will incorporate cryotank into their fuel cell testfleet in 2012 Aircraft Airbus discussing (with BMW) APU replacementLawrence Livermore National Laboratory9 Forklifts - indoor use with no emissions Mining locomotives no emissions 10. Annemarie Meikemeike1@llnl.govLawrence Livermore National Laboratory10