crystallography as methodology for convergent nbic-science · 2014. 10. 8. · convergent...

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NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE

«KURCHATOV INSTITUTE»

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CRYSTALLOGRAPHY

AS METHODOLOGY FOR

CONVERGENT NBIC-SCIENCE

Mikhail KOVALCHUK

UNESCO, Paris, 20-21 January 2014

The Opening Ceremony of the

International Year of Crystallography

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Evgraf

FEDOROV

230 Fedorov`s

symmetry groups

Alexei

SHUBNIKOV

Nikolai

BELOV

Co-founder of IUCr

and Acta

Crystallographica

•Member of the Executive

Committee, 1954-1957

•Vice-President, 1957- 1963 1891 -

The symmetry

of regular

systems of

figures,

Proceedings

of the Imperial

St. Petersburg

Mineralogical

Society, series 2,

vol. 28, pages 1-146

Founder and first director of the

Institute of Crystallography of

USSR Academy of Sciences

President

of IUCr,

1966-1969

RUSSIAN CRYSTALLORGAPHY

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RUSSIAN CRYSTALLORGAPHY

Georgiі

BOKIІ

Boris

VAINSHTEIN

Lev

FEIGIN

Zinovii

PINSKER

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SOVIET AND RUSSIAN

REPRESENTATIVES IN IUCr

A.V. Shubnikov (USSR) Member of the Provisional International

Crystallographic Committee, 1946 – 1948

N.V. Belov (USSR) President, 1966 – 1969, Vice-President, 1957 – 1963

Member of the Executive Committee, 1954-1957

G.S. Zhdanov (USSR) Member of the Executive Committee, 1960-1966

B.K. Vainshtein (USSR) Vice-President, 1975 – 1978


V.I. Simonov (USSR) Vice-President, 1984 – 1987

Member of the Executive Committee, 1978-1984, 1989-1990

S.A. Semiletov (USSR) Member of the Executive Committee, 1987-1989

Yu.T. Struchkov (Russia) Vice-President, 1993 – 1995


L.A. Aslanov (Russia) Vice-President, 2002 – 2005


E.V. Boldyreva (Russia) Member of the Executive Committee, 2008 - till p.t.

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«KURCHATOV INSTITUTE» RUSSIAN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY

Chief-redactors:

1956-1968

A. Shubnikov

70 years of the

Institute of Crystallography in 2013

Crystallography Reports

was founded in 1956

Directors: 1968-1982

N. Belov

1982-1996

B. Vainshtein

1996-2004

L. Shuvalov

2004 till p.t.

M. Kovalchuk

A. SHUBNIKOV Founder and first director of the

Institute of Crystallography of

USSR Academy of Sciences

B. VAINSHTEIN Director of Shubnikov

Institute of Crystallography

of USSR Academy of

Sciences

M. KOVALCHUK Director of Shubnikov

Institute of Crystallography

of Russian Academy of

Sciences

1943 - 1962 1962 - 1996 1998 - 2013

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National Committee for Crystallography in Russia

(representative body in IUCr)

founded in 1954 under Academy of Sciences of USSR

RUSSIAN CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ASSOCIATION -

M. Kovalchuk 2008 till p.t.

Chairmen of Russian Crystallographic Association (RCA):

N. Belov 1954-1982

B. Vainshtein

1982-1996

Yu. Osipyan 1996-2008

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materials A

NA

LY

SIS

atoms

nucleus

elementary

particles

molecules

inorganic

materials

SYNTHESIS

organic

materials

TRENDS IN SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT

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SCIENCE TODAY: NEW TRENDS

Return to united vision of nature

ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS

INORGANICS ORGANICS

NARROW SPECIALIZATION CONVERGENCE

MICRO NANO

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NATURAL SCIENCE

astr

onom

y

pale

onto

logy

mic

robio

logy

cry

sta

llog

rap

hy

inorg

anic

chem

istr

y

anato

my

mechanic

s

mole

cula

r bio

log

y

physio

logy

org

anic

chem

istr

y

min

era

log

y

vir

olo

gy

Nature as

a single whole

Separation of single whole

nature

Specialization of

science and education

UNDERSTANDING OF THE WORLD

chemistry physics geology biology medicine

Branch type economy

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astr

onom

y

pale

onto

logy

mic

robio

logy

cry

sta

llogra

ph

y

inorg

anic

ch

em

istr

y

anato

my

me

chanic

s

mole

cula

r

bio

logy

physio

log

y

org

anic

ch

em

istr

y

min

era

logy

virolo

gy

Information Technology (IT)

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astr

onom

y

pale

onto

logy

mic

robio

logy

cry

sta

llogra

ph

y

inorg

anic

chem

istr

y

anato

my

me

chanic

s

mole

cula

r

bio

logy

physio

log

y

org

anic

chem

istr

y

min

era

logy

virolo

gy

Information Technology

Nanotechnology

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astr

onom

y

pale

onto

logy

mic

robio

logy

cry

sta

llogra

ph

y

inorg

anic

chem

istr

y

anato

my

me

chanic

s

mole

cula

r

bio

logy

physio

log

y

org

anic

chem

istr

y

min

era

logy

virolo

gy


Nanotechnology

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astr

onom

y

pale

onto

logy

mic

robio

logy

cry

sta

llogra

ph

y

inorg

anic

chem

istr

y

anato

my

me

ch

an

ics

mole

cula

r bio

logy

physio

log

y

org

anic

chem

istr

y

min

era

logy

virolo

gy


Nanotechnology

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Nanotechnology

NATURAL SCIENCE

Nanotechnology – universal technological basis

of postindustrial society

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NANOTECHNOLOGY

CO

GN

ITIV

E

TEC

HN

OLO

GIE

S

BIOTECHNOLOGY

IN

FOR

MA

TIO

N

TEC

HN

OLO

GIE

S

NBICS

KURCHATOV

NBICS CENTER

Nano

Bio

Info

Cogno Soc

CONVERGENCE OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Lattice_face_centered_cubic.svg

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NATURAL

SCIENCES

HUMANITARIAN and

SOCIAL SCIENCES

PHYSICS

CHEMISTRY GENETICS

COGNITIVE SCIENCE

ARCHEOLOGY

ANTHROPOLOGY ETHNOGRAPHY

LINGUISTICS SOCIOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY

MATHEMATICS

BIOLOGY

KURCHATOV

NBICS CENTER

Nano

Bio

Info

Cogno Soc

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY

NBICS

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KURCHATOV

NBICS CENTER

Nano

Bio

Info

Cogno Soc

NANOBIOTECH + SOLID STATE

MICROELECTRONICS

HYBRID MATERIALS

Crystallography

bioorganic inorganic

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CRYSTALLOGRAPHY

Geology Biology Chemistry Physics

INTERDISCIPLINARY

METHODOLOGY OF CONVERGENCE

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MILESTONES OF THE CRYSTALLOGRAPHY

Lipid molecules

Protein molecules

DPPC molecules

Zn Zn

A (30A, ) =0.46 0

B (200A ), =0.21 0

C (250A ), =0.42 0

D (800A ), =0.68 0

water subphase

P+Ni ions

P+Ni ions

Zn+Ni ions

P+Ni ions

Lipid micelles

1940 - 1960

1960 - 1990

New trends:

Copying of nature

Industrial technologies of crystal growth

Structure of crystals

Diffraction methods

Study of bio-organic crystals

Development of analytical approaches

Crystals → disordered materials and alive systems

Macro and micro → nano (atomic scale)

3D systems → 2D- and 1D objects

Diffraction methods → non-diffraction methods

Analysis → synthesis

Narrow specialization → interdisciplinary researches

(convergence)

from 1990es

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Ordered Structures Disordered Structures

1900 2000 future Era of Crystalline

Matter

Era of Disordered

Matter

KURCHATOV

NBICS CENTER

Nano

Bio

Info

Cogno Soc

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10-2m 10-3m 10-4m 10-5m 10-6m 10-7m 10-8m 10-9m 10-10m

1cm 1mm 1µm light 1 nanometer

invisible

man-made

microtech nanotech

microwaves infrared UV

X-ray neutron electron

natural

atomic size – nanoscale metrology

MEGASCIENCE: FROM BASIC RESEARCHES TO TECHNOLOGY

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Tera-

Nano-

Gravitation

Chemical bonding

MOTION -

KEY FOR FUNCTION

Microme-

chanics

Macro-

Quantum mechanics

Micro-

Femto-

Mechanics

TECHNOLOGY

KURCHATOV

NBICS CENTER

Nano

Bio

Info

Cogno Soc

courtesy: H. Dosh

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Long order

3-D Crystallography

Short order

«ORDER» from «CHAOS»

KURCHATOV

NBICS CENTER

Nano

Bio

Info

Cogno Soc

Starting moments visualization

4-D Crystallography

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Fourth generation

Synchrotron Radiation

Source ISSI-4

European X-ray Free Electron Laser X-FEL

Neutron Research Center on the basis of reactor PIK

Kurchatov Dedicated Synchrotron Radiation Source

MEGA FACILITIES FOR CONVERGENT SCIENCE

KSRS

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In classic crystallography

crystals have axes of symmetry of 2-4 or 6 order,

5-fold symmetry or any higher than 6th are impossible

YES ?

NO!

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Al60Li30Cu10

5 fold symmetry absents in

inanimate nature

and widely presents in

animate nature

QUASICRYSTALLS –

“BRIDGE” BETWEEN

BIOORGAINIC AND INORGANIC

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Icosahedron

Truncated Icosahedron

Fullerene C60

Buckminster Fuller,

ЕХРО-1967, Montreal

Nanotubes

Diamond

Graphite

CARBON

http://chemicworld.net/old/confer/fulleren.gif

http://chemicworld.net/old/confer/fulleren.gif

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1509, drawings of Leonardo da Vinci in the book of Luca Pacioli “Divine proportion” (De divina proportione)

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Mosaics in the mosque, Isfahan,

Iran 1453

In 1974 Roger Penrose

suggested the “quasicrystalline”

paving which was named as the

“Penrose mosaics”

crystallography as methodology for convergent nbic-science · 2014. 10. 8. · convergent...

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