cyber-physical systems activities dagmar niebur & scott midkiff engineering directorate division...
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Cyber-Physical Systems Activities
Dagmar Niebur & Scott Midkiff
Engineering Directorate
Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems
National Science Foundation
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DirectorDirectorDr. Arden BementDr. Arden BementDeputy DirectorDeputy DirectorDr. Kathie OlsenDr. Kathie Olsen
DirectorDirectorDr. Arden BementDr. Arden BementDeputy DirectorDeputy DirectorDr. Kathie OlsenDr. Kathie Olsen
NSF Organizational Structure
Directorate forDirectorate forEngineeringEngineering
Directorate forDirectorate forEngineeringEngineering
Directorate forDirectorate forComputer andComputer and
InformationInformationScience andScience andEngineeringEngineering
Directorate forDirectorate forComputer andComputer and
InformationInformationScience andScience andEngineeringEngineering
Directorate forDirectorate forGeosciencesGeosciences
Directorate forDirectorate forGeosciencesGeosciences
Directorate forDirectorate forEducation andEducation and
HumanHumanResourcesResources
Directorate forDirectorate forEducation andEducation and
HumanHumanResourcesResources
Directorate forDirectorate forMathematicalMathematicaland Physicaland Physical
SciencesSciences
Directorate forDirectorate forMathematicalMathematicaland Physicaland Physical
SciencesSciences
Directorate forDirectorate forSocial,Social,
Behavioral,Behavioral,and Economicand Economic
SciencesSciences
Directorate forDirectorate forSocial,Social,
Behavioral,Behavioral,and Economicand Economic
SciencesSciences
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Office of Office of CyberinfrastructureCyberinfrastructure
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Directorate for Engineering FY’07
Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation
(EFRI)
Chemical, Bioengineering,Environmental, And Transport
Systems(CBET)
Civil, Mechanical, and
ManufacturingInnovation
(CMMI)
Electrical, Communications
and Cyber Systems(ECCS)
EngineeringEducation and
Centers(EEC)
IndustrialInnovation andPartnerships
(IIP)
Office of the Assistant DirectorDeputy Assistant Director
(OAD)
Office of the Assistant DirectorDeputy Assistant Director
(OAD)
Senior AdvisorNanotechnologySenior Advisor
Nanotechnology
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Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies
Optoelectronics/Photonics: - Nanophotonics; - Plasmonics and Metamaterials;- Large-Scale Photonic Integration; - Ultrafast PhenomenaDr. Eric Johnson
- Micro/Nanoelectronics;- Advanced Integrated Circuits; - Beyond Silicon CMOS;- Quantum-Level DevicesVacant
- Molecular Electronics; - Organic and Flexible Electronics; - Energy-Efficient Green Electronics
and PhotonicsDr. Pradeep Fulay
- Bioelectronics and Biomagnetics; - Spintronics and Magnetics; - Sensor TechnologiesDr. Usha Varshney
Power, Controls and Adaptive Networks
Control Theory and Applications:- Networked Control Systems;- Sensing and Imaging Networks;- Biological and Medical Systems;- Robotic and Embedded SystemsDr. Radhakisan Baheti
Power and Energy Systems:- Modeling/Control of Flexible Electric
Power Grids, including Micro Grids, Smart Grids;
- Renewable/Alternative Energy Conversion and Storage;
- Interdependencies of Critical Infrastructures
Dr. Dagmar Niebur
- Neuromorphic Engineering;- Bio-Inspired Complex Systems;- Quantum Systems Engineering;- Multi-Scale Modeling/Simulation of
Devices and SystemsDr. Pinaki Mazumder
Integrative, Hybrid and Complex Systems
MEMS/NEMS Systems-on-a-Chip:- Diagnostic and Implantable
Devices;- Environmental Monitoring;- Micro Power and EnergyDr. Yogesh Gianchandani
- RF to Optical Communication Systems;
- Inter- and Intra-chip Communication/Network;
- Mixed Signal Systems;- Millimeter Wave and Terahertz
SystemsDr. Andreas Weisshaar
- Cyber Physical Systems;- Next-Generation Cyber Systems; - Signal ProcessingDr. Scott Midkiff
Division of Electrical Communication and Cyber Systems - Program Research Areas
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IHCS: Cyber Systems
Leveraging Cyberinfrastructure (CI)
State-of-the-art computing, networking,
and applications to transform discovery
and innovation
• High-performance computing and networking
• Research infrastructure, including GENI
• Data archiving and sharing
• Collaboration and virtual organizations
• Education and training
Enabling FutureCyber Systems
Integrated computing, communication, and
algorithms that transform engineered
systems
Leverage devices and components to create the next generation of cyber infrastructure
Cyber-PhysicalSystems (CPS)
• Integration of cyber systems and physical systems and the physical environment
• Limited by theory and principles to cope with complexity, scale, and integration, not by the underlying technology
• Cyber-enabled engineered systems
• Closing the gap between advances in “devices” and application in systems
• Integrated electronics and optics enable new system architectures, especially for system-on-a-chip
• MEMS and nanotechnology present challenges of scale requiring new architectures and design methods
IHCS Cyber Systems Core Program
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Special Emphasis Area:Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)
PCAST priority for “Network and Information Technology (NIT) systems connected with the physical world” – cyber-physical systems
Addressed through cross-cutting activities in ENG and CISE
ECCS and CISE/CNS jointly supported workshops● CPS Summit (April 2008)● National Workshop on High-Confidence Automotive
Cyber-Physical Systems (April 2008)● Cyber-Physical Systems for Energy (planned)
Investments● IHCS core program● ENG EFRI ARES theme (FY 2007)
President’s Council of Advisor’s on Science and Technology (PCAST), Computational Science: America's Competitiveness Leadership Under Challenge: Information Technology R&D in a Competitive World, August 2007.
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NSF/ENG/ECCS/PCAN Power and Energy Thrust
Electric power devices and their control● Wind turbines, ocean wave generators, solar panels● Advanced motor drives, power electronic devices● Energy storage including batteries, fuel cells
Electric and electronic power systems and their control● Power management systems, power electronic systems● Micro-grids, distribution & transmission systems, electric building systems,
plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
Electric power grid as a critical civil & cyber infrastructure ● Smart grids, water, transportation● Resilience to natural hazards, physical and cyber attacks● Sustainability of electric power generation, integration of renewables● Interdependence of policies, markets and power system efficiency
Examples of research areas:● Multi-time and space scale modeling, simulation and control● Wide area monitoring, real-time dynamic system awareness, protection● Large data sets aggregation, data mining, intelligent decision tools● Integration of research and education, microgrids and renewable test beds
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Multiple FACTS Devices Coordination Using Synchronized Wide Area Measurements
(0701643 and 0701744, M. Crow, MUT and Y. Liu, VT)
ObjectivesIntegrate wide area measurements and Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) (i.e. Power Electronic Devices) to improve power system dynamic control
Tasks1. Correlate the observability and
controllability for FACTS in a large power system
2. Develop an appropriate coordinated control approach
3. Develop a method of on-line oscillation detection and location
4. Develop a placement approach for FACTS and PMUs
5. Analyze the impact of PMU signal integrity on system control
6. Validate the WAMS-based coordinated control of FACTS on a large scale system
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vv
Transmission Line
Generation
FACTS
Wind Power
Energy Storage
Solar Power
Energy Storage
Energy Management Communications Satellite
FACTS Device
Distributed Decisions
Power Electronics
Communications
Sensing and monitoring InputsPower
Electronics
Power Electronics
Distributed controland fault/attack detection
Cyber-Physical Systems Distributed Control: The Advanced Electric Power Grid
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A Holistic Approach to Customer-driven Microgrids (#0702208 and 0702241 Ranade, Mitra, NMSU and Suryanarayanan, CSM,
Ribeiro, Calvin College, Baldwin, FSU)
Customer-driven microgrid simulated in a real time simulationEnvironment (RTDS) with hardware-in-the-loop capabilities
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CAREER: Energy Scalable Signal Processing for Energy Harvesting Microsystems
#0547113 R. Amirtharajah, University of California-Davis
Objectives Multiple-electrode piezoelectric disk transducer for converting parasitic
mechanical vibrations to electrical energy, with simulation of traveling-wave mode through● Highly efficient energy conversion electronics● Energy scalable integrated circuits
Applications Wireless sensors Biomedical implants
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Intelligent Distributed Autonomous Power Systems(#0742832, S. Rahman, P. Pipattanasomporn, Virginia Tech)
Applications Electric power systems with distributed resources Smart Grids Microgrids
Objectives Framework for a resilient and
environmentally-friendly micro-grid with demand-side participation
Identification of features and functionalities of enabling technologies that allow customer-owned devices to communicate internally within an IDAPS microgrid
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L. Mili, Virginia Tech, EFRI-RESIN #0803875 EFRI-RESIN: Development of Complex Systems Theories and Methods for Resilient
and Sustainable Electric Power and Communications Infrastructures
Extend the scope of the Highly Optimized Tolerance (HOT) approach to complex systems characterized by multiple resiliency and sustainability metrics.
Propose an agile power and communications system able to handle unanticipated failures and natural hazards.
Develop a retail market allowing a high penetration of renewable resources supervised by an agent-based distributed control scheme.
Investigate and validate sustainability methodologies on the Brazilian Southern power systems.
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E
ElectricityDemand
MobilityDemand
Non-RenewableElectricity
RenewableElectricity
T&D
Storage
LiquidFuels
VehicleCharging
BatteryStorage
Renewable Resource
Intermittency
Market Penetration,
Driving, Charging Patterns
Shocks: heat waves/petro
supply
2. System-Level Resilience Modeling
Adequacy in meeting demand
1. System-Level Sustainability
Modeling
CO2 equivalents
Electricity InfrastructureTransportation Infrastructure
Stochastic and Agent Based Models
PHEV
3. PHEV Config./ Design
J. Stein, U Michigan, EFRI 0835995 A Multi-Scale Design and Control Framework for Dynamically
Coupled Sustainable & Resilient Infrastructures: Vehicle-to-Grid Integration
5. Optimal Grid
Resource Mgmt.
4. Optimal PHEV Power Mgmt.
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WindFarm
Solar Farm
ThermalPlants
Plug-in Hybrids
Pumped Storage
FutureFutureIntelligentIntelligent
PowerPowerGridGrid
WIDE AREA MONITOR AND COORDINATING CONTROLLER (WAMCC)
Monitoring Control Signals
EFRI COPN #0836017 : Neuroscience and Neural Networks for Engineering the Future Intelligent Electric Power Grid
PIs: Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, UMST, S. Potter, R. Harley, D. Wunsch
• Circular causality/feedback• Massive parallelism• Cellular diversity• LOTS of sensors
Neuro-inspired concepts: From the NeuroLab to the Power Grid
Living networks on chips
Bio-morphic model networks
Ghovanloo 2004
Special-purpose hardware
Scientific Impact/Intellectual Merit• Enhanced understanding of neural learning mechanisms• New neural networks architectures• Brain-like adaptive optimal control techniques• Improved electricity reliability, stability, security and sustainability
Deliverables• Neural data repository• New algorithms• New bio-morphic real-time control systems• Software and hardware platforms• Manpower
Broader Impacts• Carbon reduction• Applicable to other large scale nonlinear systems• Train multi-disciplinary students, professionals and educators• Attract underrepresented groups• Industry and international collaboration
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From single discipline to multiple discipline
Proposals to PCAN (or HICS) are typically single discipline proposals.
Cyber-physical Energy Systems need multiple disciplines across NSF Directorates, particularly CISE/CNS and ENG/ECCS ● mutual respect for prior achievements ● Patience to learn from each other● Tolerance to achieve goals