data warehousing

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DATA WAREHOUSING

…

8201 -DATAWAREHOUSING

2

Metrics suite

Cooper, R., and Markus, L.M. Human Reengineering, Rotation, draft, hangen remove 50% of workers, change managers on the spot.

Scott,A., Globen,A., and Schiffner, K. Jungles and Garden, The Evolution of Knowledge Management at JD Edwards

Martinsons, M., Davidson, R., and Tse, D.K.C. The Balanced Scorecard: A Foundation for the Strategic Management of Information Systems. Decision Support Systems,

CIO on IT Value

Schmidt, R. Lyttinen, K., Keil, M, and Cule, P. Identifying Software Project Risks: An International Delphi Study – Lack of management committement, user committement top risks (3 countries).

Cullen, S., Seddon, P., and Wilcox, L. Managing Outsourcing, The Life Cycle Imperative.

8202 -SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3

Metrics suite

Application Service Provision: Risk Assessment and Mitigation, MIS Quarterly Executive, June 2002, pp.113-125.

Davenport, Eccles, and Prusak ”Information Politics”

-- Feudalism, Anarchy, Technocrat, Federal, Monarchy (FAT FM)

Brown,C., and Vessey, I. Managing the Next Wave of Enterprise Systems, MIS Quarterly Executive, March 2003..

Keil, Mark and Robey, Daniel. Turning Around Troubled Software Projects: An Exploratory Study of the Deescalation of Commitment to Failing Courses of Action,

Pipino, L, Lee, Y. and Wang, R. Data Quality Assessment.


4

Metrics suite

Kahn, B., Strong, D, and Wang,R. Information Quality Benchmarks: Product and Service Quality

-- DATA -- Service quality (delivery, ease of use) vs. Product quality (correctness and completeness).

http://www.sei.cmu.edu/cmmi/general/general.html

Ranganathan, C., Watson-Manheim, M., and Keeler, J. Bringing Professionals on Board, MIS Quarterly Executive, September 2004


5

Metrics suite

Kohli,R., and Devaraj, S. Realizing the Business Value of IT Investments, MIS Quarterly Executive, March 2004.

Chidamber, S.R., and Kemerer, C.F. A Metrics Suite for Object Oriented Design, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 20, No. 6, June 1994.

Chidamber, S.R., Darcy, D.P, and Kemerer, C.F. Managerial Use of Metrics for Object-Oriented Software: An Exploratory Analysis, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 8, August 1998.

Wahler, B. Process Managing Operational Risk..http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=674221


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Metrics suite

WMC Weighted Methods per class – Number of methods per class – smaller is better (5-10)

DIT Depth of inheritance three – medium is better (average is between 1-3)

NOC Number of children – medium is better (reuse vs. swiss army) average is around 0.5.

CBO Coupling between classes – Less is better (keep self contained)

RFC Response for a class – # methods that can be execute in repsonse to a message - less is better

LCOM Lack of Cohesion in Methods – methods that are unsimilar – less those who are simliar (share

instance varibles)

We did not call rome last.

WMC, CBO, RFC highly correlated. DIT and NOC little value.


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• Shows use cases, actor and their relationships• Use case internals can be specified by text and/or

interaction diagrams • Kinds

use case diagram use case description

Use Case Diagram Tour8202 -SYSTEM ANALYSIS

AND DESIGN

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Sales processing

Bill-tocustomer

Context diagram

oSales order

Sales confirmation

Bill


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Order taking

Bill-to customer

Determine ship-date

Finished Goods inventory

Sales orderdocument

Delivery documentSchedule

Delivery

Shipper information

Deliveritems

Shipper Billing

Product Prices

Contracts

Billingdocument

Level 0 diagram

more

Order confirmation

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0 6.0

Sales order Sales Record

Schedule line

Confirmation

Inventory availability

Inventory request

Sale

s lin

e ite

ms

Ship

per

inqu

iry

Shipper availability

Shipper request

Ship

per

conf

irm

atio

n

Del

iver

y re

cord

Del

iver

y lin

e ite

ms

Shipper inquiry

Pric

e in

quir

y

Pric

ing

cond

ition

Delivery confirmationCon

tract

inquir

y

Pricing

cond

ition

Billing record

Delivery schedule lineconfirmation


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Level 1 diagramDetermine ship date and notification

Verify line item availability

Verify line item availability

Finished goods inventoriesFinished goods inventories

Sales orderdocumentSales orderdocument

Delivery documentDelivery document

Production ScheduleProduction Schedule

Check production schedule

Check production schedule

GenerateProduction

orders

GenerateProduction

orders

Production OrdersProduction Orders

3.1

3.2

3.3

Sale

s li

ne it

ems

Finished goods inqury

Finished goods confirmation

Production schedule

inqury

Planned availability

confirmatio

n

Production schedule

line

Production sc

hedule

confirmatio

n

Pro

duct

ion

inqu

ryP

rodu

ctio

n re

ques

t

Expected ship-date

confirmation

Expected ship-date confirmation

Expected ship-date

confirmatio

n


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Example: Online HR System

Online HR System

LocateEm ployees

UpdateEm ployee

Profile

Update Benefits

Access TravelSystem

Access PayRecords

Em ployee

M anager

Healthcare Plan System

{if currentMonth = Oct.}

{readOnly}

Insurance P lan System


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Online HR System: Use Case Relationships

Update M edicalP lan

Update DentalP lan

Update Benefits______________Extension pointsbenefit options:

after required enrollm ents

UpdateInsurance P lan

Em ployee

<<include>> <<include>> <<include>>

ElectReim bursem entfor Healthcare

Elect StockPurchase

<<extend>>em ployee requestsstock purchase option

<<extend>>em ployee requestsreim bursem ent option

extensioncondition

extension pointname andlocation


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Online HR System: Update Benefits Use Case

Actors: employee, employee account db, healthcare plan system, insurance plan systemPreconditions:

Employee has logged on to the system and selected ‘update benefits’ option

Basic course System retrieves employee account from employee account db System asks employee to select medical plan type; include Update Medical Plan. System asks employee to select dental plan type; include Update Dental Plan. …

Alternative courses If health plan is not available in the employee’s area the employee is informed and asked to select another plan...


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Sequence diagram 8202 -SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

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Fig. 3-55, UML Notation Guide

Actor Relationships

EstablishCredit

PlaceOrder

Salesperson

Supervisor

1 *

1 *


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8203 IS Strategy, Economics and policy

1. Banker, R.D., H. Chang, and Majumdar, S.K (1996). A Framework for Analyzing Changes in Strategic Performance. Strategic Management Journal, 17, 693-712 (NOT NEEDED)

2. Bharadwaj A. S. (2000) A resource-based perspective on information technology capability and firm performance: An Empirical Investigation, MIS Quarterly, 24, 1, pp. 169-196.

CONTENT: IT leaders over 2 years COMp. World magazine. Performs better than peers. Builds core capabilities.

3. Mukhopadhyay, T., and S. Kekre, (2002). Strategic and operational benefits of electronic integration in B2B procurement processes, Management Science, vol. 48, no. 10, October 2002, pg. 1301-1313.

CONTENT: Some operational benefits of EDI. Stretegic benefits are better established.

8203 –POLICY AND STRATEGY

17

Articles

4. Santhanam, R. and Hartono, E. (2003). Issues Linking Information Technology Capability to Firm Performance, MIS Quarterly, Mar 2003.Vol.27, Iss. 1; pg. 125, 29 pgs. (NOT NEEDED)

5. Subramani, M. (2004). How do suppliers benefit from IT use in Supply Chain Relationships, MIS Quarterly, 26, 2, 91-118.

CONTENT: Move from Vendor to partner

6. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A (2000). Dynamic Capabilities: What are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21, 4 pp. 1105-1121.

CONTENT: Processes with reasonable predictive outcomes (allowancing and product development)


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Articles

7. Weill, P., Subramani, M., and Broadbent, M. Building IT Infrastructure for Strategic Agility, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 44, 1 (2002), 57-66.

CONTENT: IT infrastructure = human assets, technologies and processes. Strategic Agility = how fast can you execute. Best of breed IT has 2 or more constituents.

8. Ross, J. Creating a Strategic Architecture Competancy: Learning in Stages. MISQ Executive, March 2003, Volume 2, Number 1.

CONTENT: IT infrastructure is not always a result of business strategy, it is often the opposite. A) application silo. B) Standardized Application architecture C) rationalized app architecture D) Modular architecture. The IT infrastructure can be data driven or application driven. 9. Kumar, R., A Framework for Assessing the Business Value of Information Technology Infrastructures. Journal of Management Information Systems 21, 2 (2004), 11-32

CONTENT: Usage drives value of IT infrasturctures. Uses NPV. Note compounding stepwise values. NVFIs take long time to realize benefits and takes long to recover from setbacks.


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Articles

10. Weill. How Top Performing Organizations Govern IT, MISQ Executive, March 2004, Volume 3, Number 1

CONTENT: Health grid of 18 system in one company. Monarchy, Fudal, Federal, Duopoly, Anarchy.

11. Agarwal, R. and Sambamurthy, V. Principles and Models for Organizing the IT Function. MIS Quarterly Executive, Volume 1. Number 1, March 2002.

CONTENT: IT as a partner in companies. Platfrom for innovation and global reach. Provides scalable business models.

12. Weill, P., and Aral, S., Generating Premium Returns on Your IT Investments. Sloan Management Review, 47, 2 (2006), pp. 39-48.

CONTENT: ??


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Articles

13. Mani, D. Barua, A., and Whinston, A., Successfully Governing Business Process Outsourcing Relationships, MIS Quarterly Executive, Vol, 41, 1, March 2006.

CONTENT: Capability Vs. strategic outsourcing. Need governance. High process and high governance needed.

14. Carmel, E. Building Your Information Systems from the Other Side of The World: How Infosys Manages Time Zone Differences, MIS Quarterly Executive, Vol. 5, No.1, March 2006.

CONTENT: Pure hell!!!

15. Weitzel, T., Beimborn, D., and Konig, W., A Unified Economic Model of Standard Diffusion: The Impact of Standardization, Cost, Network Effects, and Network Topology. MIS Quarterly, Vol. 30. August 2006.

CONTENT: Critical mass; expectations; switching costs; standards are easier to create when more choices are available (paradox).


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Articles

16. Chen, Pei-Yu and Forman, C. Can Vendors Influence Switching Costs and Compatibility in an Environment with Open Standards? MIS Quarterly, Vol. 30, August 2006.

CONTENT: Routers and switches. Create uncertainty. Defensive in nature.

17. Weill, P., and Vitale, M., Assessing the health of an information systems applications portfolio: An example from process manufacturing. MIS Quarterly, 13, 4 (1999), pg. 601.

CONTENT: The value of a system = usage; strategic importance; investments; value and technical quality.


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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 1

IP address 32 bits 10.32.128.17MAC/Ethernet address 48 bits (groups of 4) HEX: A7 91 BF 5H AG 39

Switches uses frames and are used within networksRouters uses packages and are used between networks

Routers have one ethernet address for each port

Each router repackes the frame with new to-from ethernet address.

NAP – Network access point for ISP to link to the internet

DHCP = Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (clients can be dynamically assigned IP addresses).

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 2

HTTP is an unreliable protocol (does not resend messages).TCP Transmission control protocol controls reliability (resends)

Connection oriented protocols such as TCP uses ACK (acknowledgments)Connectionless protocols uses sequence numbers)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Layer 1: Application HTTP, SMTP, FTPLayer 2: Transport (end to end layer) TCP, UDP Layer 3: Internet (hop-to-hop) IP, routersLayer 4: Datalink Switches, Ethernet, frame relaysLayer 5: Physical----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ethernet is connectionlessIP is conncetionlessTCP is connection oriented.OSI = Open system interconnection standards

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 3 – physical layer

Uses SignalsPropagation effect – sending and receiving signals differUTP = unshielded twisted pairsSTP – Shielded twisted pairs

UTP cable and RJ-45 connectorsAttenuation – weaker signal over distanceNoise – interference (db)EMI – Electro Magnetic interference

Therefore max 100 meter UTP cable

Cat 5e UTP have 1GBps speed

Optical = Core class + cladding Thick cable produces bounce.

Bounce is called modesModal dispersion reduces range

Topologies: Point-to-point, Mesh, Star, Hirarchical, Ring, Bus (broadcast, i.e. wireless)

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 4 – Ethernet

10BASE TX (UTP) 100Mbps10GBASE (Optical) 10Gbps

Truncking more than one lineMAC- Media access controlSyncs clock speed

Ethernet require Hirarchical topology (results in single points of failiure) to resolve this, a spanning tree with backup lines fixes this problem (note different theories on how to best build self-fixing spanning trees).

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 4 – WLAN

Direct sequencing spread spectrum (Ocean)

Request to send (RTS) and Cleared to send (CTS)802.11g is at 2.4 GHz802.11e Quality of service rules

Drive by hackersEvil twinRouge access points

WPA Wireless protected access (2003)Authenticaltion server (keys)

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 6 – Telephone networks

PSTN = Public Switch telephone networkPBX (private branch exchange)Switches and trunc lines

POP = Point of precence for international connectionsCircuit switch = blocks capacity in network for the call once connected.

T1 = multiplexed multipurpose lines that are leased.

Nearest swich from customer is called end office swictch or class 5 switch

ADC analog to digital and DAC digital to analog. Sampling rate – 8000/per sec. sicne we have 4Hz phone lines.

CDMA = Code division Multiple Access, reuse cells in cell phone sites.

GSM uses time divisioning multiplexing (TDM)

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 7 - WAN

Full mesh topology expensive. Hub and spoke is risky therefore mixed is mostly used.

T1 line = 1.5 MbpsT3 line = 45 Mbps

HSDL = hybrid DSL for business (50% of T1 speed)

Lease a line to a POP

Public swicth data network (PSDN)used Frame relay and frame relay access devices (FRAD)

Virtual circuitsAsyncronomus transfer model (ATM) – higher speed that frame relays

MAN – Metropolican area networkVPN – Virtual private network

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 8 – TCP/IP

128.171 = network part35 = subnet part22 = host part

128.171.35.22 is really a set of 32 bits

Class A networks have 11111111 as the network part (2^7 =128 networks and 2^24 =16.7 million hosts) Class B networks have 1111111111111111 as the network part (2^14 =16,384 networks and 2^16 =65.5K hosts)Class C networks have 111111111111111111111111 as the network part (2^21 =2.1 mill networks and 2^8 =256 hosts hosts)

Subnetting of a class C network can create smaller networks. I.e.:

11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000 is equal to the mask 255.255.255.128

We can decide to create two subnets and use the last 1 in the number above as the subnet settings. This gives us 2^7 = 128 (less two) = 126 possible hosts per subnet.

Note since the class C network takes the first 3 block (24 ones), we have to add another one if we wanted 4 subnets. This would look like 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 is equal to the mask 255.255.255.192Now we can have 4 subnets, but only 62 hosts per subnet.

8204 – Telecom

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8204 – TELECOM notes Chapter 9 - security8204 – Telecom

data warehousing

Documents

methods methods

exploratory analysis

mis quarterly executive

software engineering

data quality assessment

service quality delivery

class number of methods

objectoriented software