dei - tc - mocs lab - handouts 1- 4

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DEI TC- MOCS LAB

EXERCISE I

Objectives:

To localize different sections/parts/components inside a system box of a given PC

Requirements:

y A personal computer

y Tool kit

Procedure:

y Draw a neat diagram identifying different switches/ports on the front panel of the system box

y Draw a neat diagram identifying different switches/ports on the rear panel of the system box

y Gently uncover/ open the system box using a screw driver (Philips)

y Look inside the system box to localize different sections/parts/components

y (Note: - Do not unplug / remove any cables/ connectors)

y Draw a neat sketch indentifying the following sections/parts/components:

o CPU ( Microprocessor); RAM; CMOS Battery; ROM; Bus slots; IDE/SATA slots; CPU Fan;

Power socket for CPU fan; Power socket for mother board ; Front panel jumpers; Video

section; Audio section; KBRD controller; HDD; CDD; DVD; FDD; SMPS; Heat sink etc.

y Draw a neat sketch depicting the interconnection of devices / sections /components inside the

system box

Observations:

Write summary of your observations on the exercise in your own words (Maximum four sentences)



EXERCISE II

Objectives:

To appreciate the significance of the BIOS

To explore BIOS of a given PC

How to enter the BIOS or CMOS setup?

Solution

Because of the wide variety of computer and BIOS manufacturers over the evolution of

computers, there are numerous ways to enter the BIOS or CMOS Setup. Below is a listing of the

majority of these methods as well as other recommendations for entering the BIOS setup.

New computers

Thankfully, computers that have been manufactured in the last few years will allow you to

enter the CMOS by pressing one of the below five keys during the boot. Usually it's one of the

first three.

y F1

y F2

y DEL

y ESC

y F10

A user will know when to press this key when they see a message similar to the below example

as the computer is booting. Some older computers may also display a flashing block to indicate

when to press the F1 or F2 keys.

Press <F2> to enter BIOS setup

If your computer is a new computer and you are unsure of what key to press when the

computer is booting, try pressing and holding one or more keys the keyboard. This will cause a

stuck key error, which may allow you to enter the BIOS setup.

Once you've successfully entered the CMOS setup you should see a screen similar to the below

example.



Older computers

Unlike the computers of today, older computers (before 1995) had numerous different

methods of entering the BIOS setup. Below is a listing of general key sequences that may have

had to be pressed as the computer was booting.

y CTRL + ALT + ESC

y CTRL + ALT + INS

y CTRL + ALT + ENTER

y CTRL + ALT + S

y PAGE UP KEY

y PAGE DOWN KEY

y AMI BIOS

y Older AMI BIOS could be restored back to bootable settings by pressing and holding the

Insert key as the computer is booting.



Locate BIOS chip which may appear as shown

Navigation diagram of BIOS



Some screen shots for reference:

Below are example illustrations of the Phoenix BIOS setup screens. As can be seen from the

below pictures, this BIOS is broken up into several different menus. In the below illustration of

the Main menu portion of the BIOS, a user can see the computer specifications as well as easily

change the time, date, and other system specific settings.

The Advanced menu, as shown below, is most likely the section of the BIOS the user is most

likely going to be entering to change their settings. As can be seen, this menu is broken down

into an additional six more sub-menus that enable the user to change settings for each of the

different categories. To the right of the illustration is a brief description of what is found in each

of these categories.



Peripheral Configuration

The Peripheral Configuration section of the BIOS enables the user to setup and change the

settings for the computer's Serial Ports and Parallel ports as well as enable or disable Legacy

USB Support.

IDE Configuration

The IDE configuration allows a user to define or change any values relating to IDE devices

connected to the computer. This includes you hard disk drive, CD-ROM drives and any other IDE

drives.

Diskette Options

The Diskette Options enables the user to enable, disable, and change settings relating to the

diskette drive connected to the computer.



DMI Event Logging

The DMI Event Logging enables a user to view the DMI event log, clear the log and enable or

disable this feature.

Video Configuration

The Video Configuration allows the user to Set settings related to the video including the

Palette Snooping, AGP Aperture Size, and the default adapter.

Resource Configuration

The Resource Configuration enables a user to reserve or make available any memory or IRQ

resources.

The security section enables the user to set BIOS passwords on the computer. In this case, the

user can set a user password, which will cause a password prompt each time the computer

boots or set a setup password that will prompt for a password each time someone enters the

BIOS setup. If a user sets a BIOS password and forgets that password, he or she must clear the

CMOS or jump the BIOS jumper on the motherboard.



The next section, or Power menu, enables a user to enable and disable the power management

options on the computer. Because this section really has no more than disabling and enabling

power management and the hardware with power management features, this illustration is not

shown. The next and final section in this example of the Phoenix BIOS is the Boot menu; this

section enables a user to setup how the computer and its peripherals should load during the

boot process. As seen below, users can define the boot sequence of bootable devices. Thissection is important for when the user wishes to boot from a floppy diskette or CD-ROM. In

addition to the available options in this menu, there are three sub-menus that enable a user to

select from a listing of available hard drives or other removable devices.



EXERCISE III

Objectives:

To verify the configuration of a given PC

Verify the PC configuration physically

Verify the PC configuration using BIOS /Checkit Software or any other diagnostic software

Verify the PC configuration using OS

Requirements:

Working PC with Windows XP and a suitable diagnostic software

Procedure:

1. First uncover the system box and look for all the key devices/section/parts along with their

specifications

2. Enter into BIOS setup and look for relevant information and note

3. Ascertain PC configuration using Windows XP as follows:

Start Control Panel System System resources Device manager

Compare the results of above three steps.



EXERCISE IV

Objectives:

To install a HDD / CDD / FDD

Requirement:

y Working PC

y Tool Kit

Procedure:

1. Switch OFF the PC

2. Using a Philips screw driver uncover the system box

3. Identify HDD / CDD / FDD

4. Remove the data and power cable from HDD / CDD / FDD

5. Unscrew HDD / CDD / FDD and remove them from their bays ( A physical location where these

devices are mounted).

Note: - Place the screws safely for further use

6. In case of HDD or CDD determine whether the device is to be connected in Master / Slave /

Cable select mode and accordingly set the jumpers referring to the manual / information sticker

pasted on the device itself)

7. Slide in HDD / CDD / FDD into their respective bays and connect them with data and power

cables gently.

8. Switch ON the PC

9. Enter into CMOS / BIOS setup for suitable changes if required and determine if the changes are

recognized by the system.

10. Reboot the system using Bootable CD

11. Install the OS

12. Reboot the system

Observations:

Write about the learning experience of this exercise in your own words

dei - tc - mocs lab - handouts 1- 4

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