deltamethrin & aerial mosquito adulticiding registration process for thessaloniki, greece...
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Deltamethrin & Aerial Mosquito Adulticiding Registration Process for Thessaloniki, Greece
Alexandra Chaskopoulou -University of FloridaAndreas Thrasivoulou - Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Javid Kashefi - USDA Agricultural Research Service, Thessaloniki, GreeceMark Latham - Manatee County Mosquito Control, Florida
Philip Koehler – University of Florida
Thessaloniki2 million people
Aegean Sea
50,000 acres of rice-fields23,000 acres of natural wetlands
Mosquito Control Thessaloniki, GR
• Only currently approved method is larviciding– 90% by air, 10% by ground– Temephos is no longer available
• Larviciding operations insufficient– A single CDC traps catches ~ 15,000-30,000
mosquitoes/night (summers 2008-2009)
• Need for adulticiding as a supplementary method– Development of aerial adulticiding in Greece
Mosquito nuisance resulting from inadequate control methods…
Adulticiding is needed• A successful mosquito control program is an Integrated Mosquito
Management Program (more than one control method)
• Greece, and all 27 member states of the EU have their own existing registration requirements and function independently – Transitional phase
• Regulations in the EU are being harmonized under the Biocidal Products Directive
• Pan-European legislation is being incorporated into the national law of each Member State
Adulticiding had to be proven to besafe and effective for registration in Greece
Timeline
2006/2007
• Adulticiding idea was conceived
• Funding acquired from Development Agencies & Municipalities of northern Greece
• Cooperation of US experts in academia & industry
• Transferred & modified aerial adulticiding technologies from U.S. to Greece
Timeline 2008• EU Industry identified & provided proper formulations
specific to adulticide applications (Pyrethroids: i.e. Deltamethrin)• BPD-supported PT18 insecticides for outdoor spraying
• Experiment permits issued by the Greek ministries
• First experiments towards registration, spring/summer 2008• Efficacy data (identification of proper dose)• Non-target data (aquatic organisms)
2009 Continuation of experimentation, spring/summer 2009
More replicates to strengthen data Non-target data (terrestrial organisms, i.e. bees & other beneficial
insects)
To be able to implement a successful project…
Cooperative project
Mosquito control Applicators - ASNF
Professionals & University Scientists from US & Greece
EU Pesticide Manufacturing
Industry
Greek Development agencies & municipalities- Funding Source
Regulatory authorities of Greece-Ministry of Agriculture
-Ministry of Public Health
Technologies for precise and controlled applications
Turbine helicopter
Real time weather probe
Electricrotaryatomiser
GPSBilanin et al. 1989
AGDISP Spray-FateComputer
Model
Recorded & Precise Application
2008/9 Experimentation Towards Registration
Cups – deionized water
Aquatic non-targets
3mm slidespinner
Cagedmosquitoes
• Uniform efficacy on caged and wild mosquitoes• Zero or non-significant mortality on non-targets• Uniform coverage of spray droplets on spinning slides
Terrestrial non-targets
Bees
Deltamethrin: Caged Mosquito Mortalities
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 ml/ha 37.5 ml/ha 50 ml/ha
%M
orta
lity
74a68b
2c
2008 trials
0 ml/ha50 ml/ha
%M
orta
lity
84.04a
9.83b
2009 trials
Deltamethrin: Wild Mosquito Mortality 2008
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 ml/ha 37.5 ml/ha 50 ml/ha
17b
61a
79aBefore After
Up to 90%
Deltamethrin: Wild Mosquito Mortality 2009
88% 73% 64%
BEFORE: Hundreds of mosquitoes!!!!
15 min after deltamethrin treatment: Almost no mosquitoes!
Before: Hundreds of mosquitoes!
15 min after deltamethrin treatment: Almost no mosquitoes!
Effects on Beneficial Insects
Chrysoperla Cryptolaemous
Deltamethrin
Bee Mortality & Presence of Black shiny Bees
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Nu
mb
er
of
De
ad
Be
es
Area A
Area B
Area Control
Natural Daily Mortality
No shiny bees
Summary/Conclusions• Precise and recorded application
• Caged mosquito mortalities– 75-85 %
• Wild mosquito mortalities– Up to 90 %
• Non-target effects– 0 % or non-significant non-target
mortalities
Before After
Summary/Conclusions
• Greek regulations– Precision aerial application was shown to be
acceptable
– Research currently under review by the ministries
– Anticipated product/method registration in 2010
Acknowledgments
• US Consulate General, Thessaloniki Greece• USDA-ARS• Greek Ministries of Agriculture & Public Health• Counties, Municipalities & Development Agencies
of Greece• ASNF Air Application Company• Bayer Crop Science• Sumitomo Chemical
Thank you