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4

Design and Technology 8552

Specialist tools, equipment, techniques and processesUnit 7Making principles

Objectives

• Understand how to select and use specialist tools,

equipment, techniques and processes

• Be aware of relevant health and safety issues when

using specialist tools, equipment, techniques and

processes to protect yourself and others from harm

Specialist tools, equipment, techniques and processes

Unit 7 Making principles

Starter

• Discuss the

difference between:

• Tools and equipment

• Techniques

• Processes

• Give three examples

of each



Examples

• Identify the tools, techniques and processes used in

the images below:

• How does a process differ from a technique?



Tools, equipment, techniques and processes

• A tool is a device or implement used to carry out a

particular function, for example, scissors

• A technique is a way of carrying out a particular task,

for example sewing

• A process is a series of steps to work towards the

completion of a final product, for example to overlock

a seam



Specialist tools

• Specialist jobs often require specialist tools

• How might the availability of specialist tools or equipment

affect planning and making?



The right tools for the job

• Selecting the correct tools and equipment is not

always an easy task

• There are many sources of guidance or advice that can help:



Worksheet 4

• Complete Task 1



Health and safety

• All tools and processes have

strict guidelines to ensure the

user remains safe

• This includes:

• Safety signage

• Risk assessments

• Maintenance checks

• Rules and legislation

• Data sheets and manuals



Health and safety signs

• In your school workshop you will see a variety of

safety signs in order to reduce the risk of harm

• Triangular signs warn you

of potential harm

• Red circular signs often indicate

prohibited actions or access

• Blue signs offer mandatory safety

instructions of what to wear

e.g. goggles

• Green signs indicate safety,

for example emergency exits

or first aid



PPE

• Personal Protective Equipment includes anything

that will protect users of equipment and products

against health and safety risks

• How could certain parts of the body sustain injury or damage

from incorrect use of, or missing PPE?



Assessing risk

• Risk assessments are performed to highlight

dangers and limit the risk of accidents occurring

• Schools complete risk assessments to ensure students are

safe when using equipment or on trips for example

• In industry, employers perform risk assessments to ensure

their employees remain safe e.g. when welding

• You will assess risks when completing any activity,

however there is a formalised approach which

employers and businesses must take



Carrying out a risk assessment

• There are five parts or stages to a risk assessment

each defined in a separate column



Health and safety issues

• What health and safety issues can you identify with

the disc sander below?

• Complete Task 2 of the worksheet



Health and safety executive

• In industry, like in schools, there is strict H&S

legislation provided by HSE and government to

ensure people are as safe as possible

• Data sheets and manuals

• Age restrictions

• Specialist training

• Which machines used in your own

specialist material area may require

any of these measures?



Data sheets

• A data sheet is often provided by a material or

equipment manufacturer highlighting any potential

hazards with use

• What detail might this contain with regards to paints or dyes?

• What safety information might a cutting tool be provided with?



Limiting risks

• Risks can be limited and

guarded against using a

variety of methods

• Suggest three ways that risks can

be minimised

• What is the difference between

actual risk and a perceived risk?



Plenary

• What are the differences between tools, equipment,

techniques and processes?

• Where might you get help with different techniques?

• How can you ensure your source is reliable?

• What do employers, businesses or schools do to

ensure hazards have been measured?

• Can anyone use specialist equipment when

manufacturing?

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