dictatorship: religious and military
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Annexure-I
UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & ENERGY STUDIESCOLLEGE OF LEGAL STUDIES
BA.,LLB(HONS.) ENERGY LAWS ,SEMESTER II
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2014 -15 SESSION: J ANUARY-M AY
PROJECT
ON
DICTATORSHIP: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN RELIGIOUS AND MILITARY
FOR
P!"#"$%! S$"en$e - II
LLBG112'
Un(er #)e Su*er+","n S%. B%/u0 10C0
TO BE FILLED BY THE STUDENT'
NAME: ANI1ET CHATTERJEE
SAP NO: 233345676
ROLL NO: 83
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I WOULD LIKE TO THANK MY ESTEEMED TEACHER MR. SAMBABU
K.C. FOR GIVING ME THIS OPPURTUNITY TO DO THIS ILLUMINATING
PROJECT FROM WHICH I GLEANED MUCH LEARNING.
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TOPIC PAGE
INTRODUCTION
RELIGIOUS DICTATORSHIP
DICTATORSHIP IN IRAN
DICTATORSHIP IN SAUDI ARABIA
MILITARY DICTATORSHIPDICTATORSHIP IN FIJI
DICTATORSHIP IN BURMA
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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INTRODUCTION
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25 A>ay Rat$o%e, 1eaning and feat"res of military dictatorship (a""essed on 17 Ap%!, 2015),$ttp&&&.p%ese%+ea%t!"es."o#2012031020:*et-"o#pete-!n'o%#at!on-on-t$e-#ean!n*-and-'eat%es-o'- #!!ta%y-%e*!#es.$t#.
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MILIATARY DICTATORSHIP IN FIJI
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30 See aso, reedom "nder threat in i5i, ANES6Y ?N6ERNA6?ONAL (a""essed on 20t$ ap%!,2015), $ttp&&&.a#nesty.o%*.nDo%-&o%/pa"!F"F>!
31 a%"o Bnte, @"rmas +ransition to isciplined emocracyB: Adication or
Instit"tionaliCation of 1ilitary "le* ( A*st 2011 ), a+a!ae at $ttp&&&.*!*a-
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3 Roe%t Ho%n, Is @"rma?s Strongman eally etiring* (Ap%. 11, 2012),$ttp"ontent.t!#e."o#t!#e&o%da%t!"e0,:5,2070,00.$t#
35 Wo%d Repo%t 2013B%#a, HAN R?GH6S WA68H (2013), aailale at$ttp&&&.$%&.o%*&o%d-%epo%t2013"ont%y-"$apte%s%#aJpa*eK1
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F-+0!+ 0,%,(#+ !'!+#%& "-% 0-&( &!',-+ 0,',&(!+,#% /-+()-%,-& #' &!+$,'
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#**-'(& -) ("! !$!'(&; )!%,' ,&*+,0,'#(,-' #' "#(! &/!!*" ,' /+,'( 0!,# #'
-'%,'! #*+-&& ("! *-'(+37.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
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,'$-%$,' ("! *#&! &(,!& I+#'; S#, A+#,#; F,?, #' B+0#
3 Id!
37 See also, 6o#
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FORMATION OF THE DICTATORSHIP
M,%,(#+ ,*(#(-+&",/& #+! 0-&(% # +!&%( -) # C-/ (#(; 2",*" ,& ("!
-$!+("+-2,' -) ("! *++!'( -$!+'0!'(. I) 2! ,')!+ )+-0 /+!$,-&% 0!'(,-'!
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2",%! B+0# "# ("! #+0 +!$-%( ##,'&( ("! !0-*+#(,* &(#(! ,' 16. G!'!+#%
T"#' S"2! &/!#+"!#,' (",& #' *+!#(,' # -'!>/#+( &(#(! '!+ ("! +%! -)
B+0# S-*,#%,&( P+-+#00! P#+(.
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USE OF FORCE
T"! &! -) ,%%!#% )-+*! ,& +#0/#'( #0-' ("! )-+ ,*(#(-+&",/&.
• Fiji38> A0'!&( +!/-+(& &; S!*+,( )-+*!& ,' F,?, "#$! !*-0!
,'*+!#&,'% 0!'#*,' (-2#+& /!-/%! 2"- -//-&! ("! +!,0!; ,'*%,'
?-+'#%,&(& #' "0#' +,"(& !)!'!+&. F,?, ,& '-2 *#"( ,' # -2'2#+
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&! ("! ,'(!+,0 0,%,(#+ -$!+'0!'( (- &(,)%! #' /+-(!&(& #' ,'(,0,#(!
,(& *+,(,*&. T"!&! ,'*%! !#(,'&; #+,(+#+ #++!&(& #' !(!'(,-'; "#+#&&0!'(
-) "0#' +,"(& !)!'!+&; #' &!$!+! %,0,(#(,-'& -' ("! )'#0!'(#% +,"(&(- )+!!-0 -) !9/+!&&,-'; -/,',-'; #' #&&-*,#(,-'3.
3: S"pra at n.2:
3 H#an R!*$ts !oat!on !n ;!>!, ANES6Y ?N6ERNA6?ONAL (sep. :, 2012),$ttp&&&.s"oop."o.nDsto%!es=O00S000:.$t#
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• Iran40> I+#',#' #("-+,(,!& +!%#+% &?!*( /+,&-'!+& !&/!*,#%% ("-&!
*-'$,*(! -' /-%,(,*#%%>0-(,$#(! *"#+!&; (- #&! #' !/+,$! ("!0 -)
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0!,*#% *-',(,-'&. A("-+,(,!& !9!*(! #( %!#&( 16 /!-/%! ,' P#:,&(#' -+!+. D-!'& -) -("!+& #+! -'
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/+-&!*(,-'& #' ')#,+ (+,#%&. S"#+,# %#2 ,& #%&- ,0/%!0!'(! 2",*" 0#:!&"0#' +,"(& $,-%#(,-' 0-+! ,' '0!+.
• Burma41> H'+!& -) /!-/%!; ,'*%,' *",%+!'; 2!+! #+,(+#+,% !(#,'!;
"!% ,' ,'*-00',*#- !(!'(,-'; #' &?!*(! (- *+!%; ,'"0#' #'
!+#,' (+!#(0!'( ,' /%#*!& -) !(!'(,-' 2,("-( #**!&& (- #//+-/+,#(! -+
#!=#(! 0!,*#% *#+!. T"!+! *-'(,'! (- ! &-0! +!/-+(& -) (-+(+! #'
-("!+ ,%%>(+!#(0!'(; -**#&,-'#%% %!#,' (- !#(" ,' *&(-.
F-+ !9#0/%!;
M- M,'( S2! ,! ,' # /-%,*! &(#(,-' ,' Y#'-' ,' J% #)(!+ "! 2#&
#**&! -) ,'$-%$!0!'( ,' # 0+!+. H,& - &"-2! &,'& -) (-+(+!.
T"!+! 2#& '- *-0/+!"!'&,$! #' ,'!/!'!'( 0!*"#',&0 (- ,'$!&(,#(!
/-&&,%! 2#+ *+,0!& #' *+,0!& ##,'&( "0#',(; %!#$,' $,*(,0& #' ("!,+
0 Wo%d Repo%t 201, HAN R?GH6S WA68H (a""essed at 1t$
Ap%!, 2015), aailale athttp://!hr!org/orld-report/2067/co"ntry-chapters/iran*pageE6
1 Anna Repo%t 2013, yan#a%, ANES6Y ?nte%nat!ona (ay. 23, 201), aailale at $ttp&&&.a#nestysa.o%*%esea%"$%epo%tsanna-%epo%t-#yan#a%-2013Jpa*eK3
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+!%#(,$!& 2,(" ,'#!=#(! #**!&& (- 0!#&+!& -) (+("; ?&(,*! #' +!/#+#(,-'&.
M#' -) ("-&! ,'$-%$! ,' +#$! "0#' +,"(& $,-%#(,-'& "# '-( !!'
+-"( (- ?&(,*!.
•
Saudi Arabia
42
- S!*+,( #("-+,(,!& *#++,! -( #+,(+#+ #++!&(& #'*-'(,'! (- "-% !(#,'!!& 2,("-( *"#+! -+ (+,#% )-+ %-' /!+,-&; 2,("
&*-+!& -) /!-/%! "!% )-+ 0-+! ("#' &,9 0-'("& 2,("-( !,' +!)!++! (- #
*-0/!(!'( *-+(; ,' +!#*" -) ("! *-'(+5& C-! -) C+,0,'#% P+-*!+!&.
D!(#,'!!& 2!+! )+!=!'(% "!% ,'*-00',*#- +,' ,'(!++-#(,-' #'
!',! #**!&& (- %#2!+&; ,' $,-%#(,-' -) ,'(!+'#(,-'#% )#,+ (+,#% &(#'#+&.
T-+(+! #' -("!+ ,%%>(+!#(0!'( +!0#,'! *-00-' #' 2,!&/+!#; #**-+,'
(- )-+0!+ !(#,'!!&; (+,#% !)!'#'(& #' -("!+&; #' 2!+! &! 2,("
,0/',(. I' # '0!+ -) *#&!&; *-+(& *-'$,*(! !)!'#'(& &-%!% -' ("!
#&,& -) /+!>(+,#% *-')!&&,-'& 2,("-( ,'$!&(,#(,' ("!,+ *%#,0& ("#( ("!&!
*-')!&&,-'& "# !!' !9(+#*(! '!+ (-+(+!; ,' &-0! *#&!& &!'(!'*,' ("!
!)!'#'(& (- !#(".
CONTROLLED MEDIA
Fiji- I'
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+!/%,&"! )+-0 # N!2 !#%#' '!2&/#/!+ ,' N-$!0!+ !, ;REECO O; 6HE =RESS (a""essed on 21st Ap%!, 2015),$ttps'%eedo#$ose.o%*%epo%t'%eedo#-p%ess2013F>!M.6-IyG99/o
5 s"pra at n.0
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• Saudi Arabia46> "! -$!+'0!'( +!0#,'! ,'(-%!+#'( -) ,&&!'( #' +!/+!&&!
,(& *+,(,*&; ,'*%,' %-!+& #' -("!+ -'%,'! *-00!'(#(-+&; /-%,(,*#% #'
2-0!'5& +,"(& #*(,$,&(&; 0!0!+& -) ("! S",5# 0,'-+,(; #' "0#' +,"(&
#*(,$,&(& #' !)!'!+&. T"! -$!+'0!'( *-'(,'! (- #' ?!& )+-0 &,'&-*,#% 0!,# )-+ #' /+/-&!.
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CONCLUSION
A)(!+ # &**!&&)% *-0/#+#(,$! #'#%&,&; 2! ),' ("#( ("! !%!0!'(& -)
,*(#(-+&",/; ("#( ,&; ("! &,0,%#+ /-,'(& #+! /+!&!'( ,' -(" +!%,,-& #'0,%,(#+ ,*(#(-+&",/&. A%("-" ("! )-+0#(,-' #' ("! ,!-%-,!& 0#
,))!+ ,' *-0/#+,&-'; ("! !))!*( ("! ,*(#(-+&",/ "#& -' ("! *-00-'
/!-/%! ,& ')-+('#(!%; =,(! &,0,%#+.
S!$!+! "0#' +,"(& $,-%#(,-'&; &//+!&&,-' -) ("! /!-/%! #'
,&*+,0,'#(,-' (-2#+& ("! 0,'-+,( &-*,!(,!& #+! &-0! -) ("! #+(& ("#(
",( ("! ! (#+!(. T"! &//+!&&,-' -) /!-/%! ("+-" #' #("-+,(#(,$!
+%! ,' *#&! -) 0,%,(#+ ,*(#(-+&",/ -+ # *#&! -) /+-0%#(,-' -) #+!%,,-& %#2 S"#+,#; )-+ !9#0/%! ,' *#&! -) # +!%,,-& ,*(#(-+&",/.
S,0,%#+ #+,(+#+ #++!&(& #' !(!'(,-'& 2,("-( #' "-/! -) # )#,+ (+,#%
&!!0 (- ! ("! *"#''!%,' )#*(-+ !(2!!' #%% ("! ,*(#(-+&",/&.
T"! !#(" *-'( "#& +,&!' =,(! # %-( #' ,( ,& -'% ,' ("! "#'& -) ("!
,'(!+'#(,-'#% *-00',( (- (#:! &(+,*( #*(,-' ##,'&( ("!&! "-++,),* #*(&.
A2#+!'!&& &"-% ! &/+!# &- ("#( ("! /!-/%! -) ("! 2-+% *#' ',(!
("!,+ $-,*!& ,'(- # 0*" &(+-'!+ -'! (- /+-(!&( ##,'&( ("! !(!&(#%!
#*(& -'! ("! /!-/%! 2"- %,:! (- #*( G-. F,?, #' B+0# &!!0& (- !
!$-%$,' ,'(- # !0-*+#*. B( %; ("! ! *#''-( ! , )-+ ("!
+!%,,-& ,*(#(-+&",/& 2"!+! ("! !9(+!0,&( ("!-*+#(& &!!0 (- "#$!
!'(+!'*"! ("!0&!%$!& !!/ 2,(",' ("! /-2!+ &(+*(+! -) ("! *-'(+.
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&slamic journalists urged to ree all detained journalists and activists,
REPORTERS WITHOUT BORDERS A/+. 1,*(#(-+&",/>,'>,>#+#,#.
D#$, B#((; Secret cinema gentl% subverts Saudi Arabia;s !uritanism;
CROWDVOICE O*(. 17; $,-%#(,-'&>,'>,>
#+#,#.
(ai ##2,>("!>,>
#+#,#'>%-!+>&!'(!'*!>(->1!#(">/!'#%(>
1'-+(">
#)+,*#,>#+#,#+!/-+(>,>#+#,#.
B##' P!+!-; n being Shia &n Saudi Arabia #**!&&! -' 7 M#+.;
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A?# R#("-+!; -eaning and eatures o militar% dictatorshi! #**!&&! -' 17 A/+,%;
0!#','>#'>)!#(+!&>-)>+!,0!&."(0%.
S",$#%,', P#+0#+; (ights Abuse continues in iji = A/+,% . *"#/(!+&+0#/#!1.
W-+% R!/-+(