DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis

DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis

In eukaryotes, genetic information is stored in which organelle?

nucleus

The shape of DNA is a?

double helix

What is happening in the picture below?

DNA replication

The building blocks for nucleic acids are?

nucleotides

All DNA mutations are harmful.

True or False?

False

The process of taking DNA information and making proteins is called?

Protein synthesis

What is translation?

Process of decoding mRNA in order to make a protein

The part labeled A is called (a)?

Nitrogen base

What is a Codon?

Group of three nucleotide bases in mRNA that specifies an amino acid

What is mRNA?

Messenger RNA molecules that carry instructions for assembling proteins

The three parts of a nucleotide are?

Sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base

Which nitrogen base is in RNA but not in DNA?

Uricil

The picture labeled A below is (a/an)?

Amino acid

A

What is transcription?

Process in which RNA molecules are made/copied using DNA

The picture below is (a)?

RNA

What is rRNA?

Ribosomal RNA molecules that make up ribosomes, on which proteins are

assembled

The building blocks for proteins are?

Amino acids

The organelle where proteins are assembled is?

ribosome

What is tRNA?

Transfer RNA molecule that brings amino acids to the ribosomes

What is the mRNA if the complementary DNA is TCTGAG?

AGACUC

The shape of RNA is (a)?

single helix (strand)

The “start” amino acid is?

methionine

In RNA Adenine pairs with?

Uricil

What is/are the product(s) of translation?

protein

What role do stop codons play in protein synthesis? ?

Indicate that the protein (polypeptide chain) is complete

Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other

parts of the cell?

mRNA

During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide

depends on the ?

codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA

There are how many “stop” codons?

three

How many nucleotide bases are there in 24 codons?

72